Terreneuvian

Terreneuvian
538.8 ± 0.6 – ~521 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
A map of Earth as it appeared 530 million years ago during the Terreneuvian Series, Fortunian Stage
Delegates from the Ichnia 2012 conference inspect the Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the Ediacaran-Cambrian boundary at Fortune Head Ecological Reserve, Newfoundland, Canada.
Chronology
−540 — – −535 — – −530 — – −525 — – −520 — – −515 — – −510 — – −505 — – −500 — – −495 — – −490 — – −485 — N ♇ P a l e o z o i c Ediacaran C a m b r i a n O T e r r e n e u v i a n S e r i e s 2 M i a o l i n g. F u r o n g. E Fortunian " Stage 2 " " Stage 3 " " Stage 4 " Wuliuan Drumian Guzhangian Paibian Jiangshanian " Stage 10 " Tremadocian               ← Orsten Fauna ← Burgess Shale ← Kaili biota ← Archaeocyatha extinction ← Emu Bay Shale ← Sirius Passet biota ← Chengjiang biota ← First Trilobites ← SSF diversification, first brachiopods & archaeocyatha ← First halkieriids, mollusсs, hyoliths SSF ← Baykonurian glaciation ← Dresbachian extinction   Major Glacial period Subdivision of the Cambrian according to the ICS, as of 2024. [1] Vertical axis scale: Millions of years ago
Etymology
Name formality	Formal
Name ratified	September 2007 [2]
Former name(s)	Cambrian Stage 1
Usage information
Celestial body	Earth
Regional usage	Global (ICS)
Time scale(s) used	ICS Time Scale
Definition
Chronological unit	Age
Stratigraphic unit	Stage
First proposed by	Ed Landing, 2007 [3]
Time span formality	Formal
Lower boundary definition	Appearance of the Ichnofossil Treptichnus pedum
Lower boundary GSSP	Fortune Head section, Newfoundland, Canada 47°04′20″N55°51′52″W / 47.072163°N 55.864398°W / 47.072163; -55.864398
Lower GSSP ratified	September 2007 (as base of Terreneuvian and Fortunian) [2] : 287
Upper boundary definition	Not formally defined
Upper boundary definition candidates	FAD of Trilobites
Upper boundary GSSP candidate section(s)	None
Upper GSSP ratified	Not formally defined

The Terreneuvian is the lowermost and oldest series of the Cambrian geological system. ^[2] Its base is defined by the first appearance datum of the trace fossil Treptichnus pedum around 538.8 million years ago. Its top is defined as the first appearance of trilobites in the stratigraphic record around 521 million years ago. ^[4] This series' name was formally accepted by the International Commission on Stratigraphy in 2007. ^[2]

The Fortunian stage and presently unnamed Cambrian Stage 2 are the stages within this series. The Terreneuvian corresponds to the pre-trilobitic Cambrian. ^[5]

The name Terreneuvian is derived from Terre Neuve, the French name for the island of Newfoundland, Canada, where many rocks of this age are found, including the type section. ^{[2] [4]}

GSSP

The type locality (GSSP) of the Terreneuvian is in Fortune Head, at the northern edge of the Burin Peninsula, Newfoundland, Canada ( 47°04′34″N55°49′52″W / 47.0762°N 55.8310°W / 47.0762; -55.8310 ). The outcrops show a carbonate-siliciclastic succession which is mapped as the Chapel Island Formation. The formation is divided into the following members that are composed of peritidal sandstones and shales (Member 1), muddy deltaic and shelf sandstones and mudstones (Member 2A), laminated siltstones (Member 2B and 3) and mudstones and limestones of the inner shelf (Member 4). The Precambrian-Cambrian boundary lies 2.4 m above the base of the second member, which is the lowest occurrence of Treptichnus pedum . The traces can be seen on the lower surface of the sandstone layers. The first calcareous shelled skeletal fossils (Ladatheca cylindrica) are 400 m above the boundary. The first trilobites appear 1400 m above the boundary, which corresponds to the beginning of the Branchian Series (Series 2). ^[6]

Major events

The second phase of the Cambrian explosion occurs during the Terreneuvian. Lots of lophotrochozoan and calcified basal metazoan lineages appeared in this epoch. However, deuterostomes are absent in this interval. ^[7]

See also

• Stratigraphy of the Cambrian

References

1. "International Chronostratigraphic Chart" (PDF). International Commission on Stratigraphy . December 2024. Retrieved January 2, 2025.
2. Landing, Ed; Peng, Shanchi; Babcock, Loren E.; Geyer, Gerd; Moczydlowska-Vidal, Malgorzata (December 2007). "Global standard names for the Lowermost Cambrian Series and Stage" (PDF). Episodes . 30 (4): 287–289. doi: 10.18814/epiiugs/2007/v30i4/004 . eISSN   2586-1298. ISSN   0705-3797. LCCN   78646808. OCLC   4130038 . Retrieved October 21, 2025.
3. "GSSPs - The Cambrian System 2019". International Commission on Stratigraphy. Archived from the original on 2023-07-21. Retrieved 2024-03-31.
4. Shan-Chi Peng, Babcock Loren (2011). "Continuing progress on chronostratigraphic subdivision of the Cambrian System" (PDF). Bulletin of Geosciences. 86 (3): 391–396. doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1273. ISSN   1214-1119. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2023-07-16.
5. Li, G. "The Fad of Watsonella Crosbyi". Archived from the original on 2017-01-16.
6. Brasier, Martin; John Cowie; Michael Taylor (1994). "Decision on the Precambrian-Cambrian boundary stratotype" (PDF). Episodes. 17 (1–2): 95–100. doi: 10.18814/epiiugs/1994/v17i1.2/002 . Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-06-20. Retrieved 2024-03-31.
7. Degan Shu, Yukio Isozaki, Xingliang Zhang, Jan Han, Shigenori Maruyama (2014). "Birth and early evolution of metazoans". Gondwana Research . 25 (3): 884–895. Bibcode:2014GondR..25..884S. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2013.09.001.

External links

• "GSSP at the base of the Phanerozoic Eonothem, Paleozoic Erathem, Cambrian System, Terreneuvian Series, and Fortunian Stage". timescalefoundation.org. Archived from the original on 2022-05-26.
• "GSSP Table - Paleozoic Era". Archived from the original on 2023-10-08.
• "GSSPs - The Cambrian System 2019". International Commission on Stratigraphy. Archived from the original on 2023-07-21.
• "ChronostratChart2018-08" (PDF). International Commission on Stratigraphy. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 July 2018.