First generation 1NZ-FXE engine and 1CM electric motor (1997–2000 specification)Second generation 1NZ-FXE engine and 3CM electric motor
The 1NZ-FXE is a hybrid 1.5L (1,497cc) version. Bore and stroke is 75mm ×84.7mm (2.95in ×3.33in). It features forged steel connecting rods and an aluminum intake manifold. The engine has a high physical compression ratio of 13.0:1, but the closing of the inlet valve is delayed, for an effective compression ratio of 9.5:1.[12] The net result is that the engine has a greater effective expansion than compression—making it a simulated Atkinson cycle, rather than a conventional Otto cycle.
The reduction in cylinder charge means reduced torque and power output, but efficiency is increased. This combination makes the 1NZ-FXE suitable for use with the Hybrid Synergy Drive, where peak torque and power demands can be met by the electric motor and battery. Originally, the engine produces 58PS (43kW; 57hp) at 4000rpm with 102N⋅m (75lb⋅ft; 10kg⋅m) of torque at 4000rpm.[13] In the 2000 update, the engine output was increased to 72PS (53kW; 71hp) at 4500rpm with 115N⋅m (85lb⋅ft; 12kg⋅m) of torque at 4200rpm.[14] The power output was increased again to 77PS (57kW; 76hp) at 5000rpm for the second generation Prius.[15] Peak thermal efficiency is about 37%.[16]
In 2011, upon the arrival of the Prius c/Aqua and the XP130 Yaris Hybrid, an improved version was introduced. Without any belt-driven accessories (equipped with an electric water pump), implementation of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system and a physical compression ratio of 13.4:1.[17] The new version delivers an output of 74PS (54kW; 73hp; 73hp) at 4800rpm with 111N⋅m (82lb⋅ft; 11kg⋅m) of torque at 3600–4400rpm.[18]
This engine was discontinued for international markets in 2021 and was replaced by the M15A-FXE engine. However, as of January 2025, the 1NZ-FXE engine is still available in Japan.[citation needed]
The 1NZ-FXP is a hybrid 1.5L (1,497cc) version. Bore and stroke is 75mm ×84.7mm (2.95in ×3.33in). This engine is based on the third generation 1NZ-FXE engine but converted to run on liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) fuel and using the roller rockers arms valve train mechanism like the updated 1NZ-FE engine.[21][22] The engine has a high physical compression ratio of 13.0:1, but the closing of the inlet valve is delayed, for an effective compression ratio of 9.5:1.[23] The net result is that the engine has a greater effective expansion than compression—making it a simulated Atkinson cycle, rather than a conventional Otto cycle.
The reduction in cylinder charge means reduced torque and power output, but efficiency is increased. This combination makes the 1NZ-FXP suitable for use with the Hybrid Synergy Drive, where peak torque and power demands can be met by the electric motor, battery and LPG-hybrid system. Output is 74PS (54kW; 73hp) at 4800rpm with 111N⋅m (82lb⋅ft; 11kg⋅m) of torque at 2800–4400rpm. Peak thermal efficiency is about 37%.[24] This engine is mated to P510 eCVT transmission, same as the third generation 1NZ-FXE engine.
1NZ-FE engineUpdated Japanese market 1NZ-FE engine with different plastic engine cover
The 1NZ-FE is a 1.5L (1,497cc) conventional Otto-cycle variant of the 1NZ-FXE with VVT-i on the intake camshaft. The engine block is found in many Toyota models assembled in Japan and Asian countries. It retains the same bore and stroke, but the compression ratio is lowered to 10.5:1. Output is 103–110PS (76–81kW; 102–108hp) at 6000rpm with 132–143N⋅m (97–105lb⋅ft; 13–15kg⋅m) of torque at 4200–4800 rpm. This engine was introduced to replace 5A-FE and 5E-FE 1.5 L engines.
There was a compressed natural gas (CNG) version of 1NZ-FE engine called 1NZ-FNE produced from April 2003, exclusively for the first generation Probox van (NCP52V) until its discontinuation in August 2014.[5] It has 12.0:1 compression ratio, output is 92PS (68kW; 91hp) at 6000rpm with 125N⋅m (92lb⋅ft; 13kg⋅m) of torque at 4000rpm.
A new version of 1NZ-FE with rocker arms valve train mechanism was introduced exclusively for the Japanese market in September 2003, fitted first in the front-wheel drive model of XP80 Sienta.[25] It was also offered in Hong Kong, Macau and New Zealand.[26][27][28] This new version can be identified with the use of a wider plastic engine cover. Another update was occurred in 2012, the compression ratio was increased to 11.0:1.[29] The older version was still in use for selected Japanese market Toyota cars up until 2014. The 4-speed automatic transmission was also replaced by CVT, designed for this reworked engine.
The 1NZ-FE engine was discontinued earlier in 2005 in Europe without a direct replacement. It was replaced by the 2NR-FE engine for emerging markets in 2016 and by the M15A-FXS engine in 2020 in Australia, Japan and New Zealand. As of January 2025, this engine is still in use for several Toyota vehicles in Japan.[citation needed]
Early version with the original direct acting valve train mechanismFinal version with the rocker arms valve train mechanism
The 1NZ-FE Turbo (unofficially called 1NZ-FTE or 1NZ-FET) is a 1.5L (1,497cc) with an air-to-air intercoolerturbocharged conventional Otto-cycle variant of the 1NZ-FE with VVT-i, combined with a IHI RHF4 turbocharger, providing 63.7kPa (0.6bar; 9.2psi) of boost pressure.[30] This engine was not created in-house by Toyota, but converted with bolt-on turbocharger kits developed by Toyota Racing Development (TRD). The engine block is the same as the naturally aspirated 1NZ-FE engine, found in many Toyota models. It retains the same 10.5:1 compression ratio as the naturally aspirated sibling. Output is 143–152PS (105–112kW; 141–150hp) at 6000rpm with 196–206N⋅m (145–152lb⋅ft; 20–21kg⋅m) of torque at 4000–4800rpm.
In Japan, this unique engine was available through modified Toyota cars (tuned by TRD, Modellista (ja) or Gazoo Racing) and sold officially as complete car at Toyota Netz Store dealerships. The turbocharger kits is also available for sale at selected Toyota Netz Store dealerships or TRD official stores.[31] This turbocharger kits was introduced first in May 2003, originally for the NCP13 Vitz RS. Later in January 2004, TRD launched "TRD Turbo Tuning Plan", a turbocharger conversion program for bB, ist and Vitz owners.[32] The fully converted bB and ist with turbocharger and additional TRD kits were also offered at the selected Netz Store dealerships.[33] The turbocharger conversion program was terminated in 2007 with the discontinuation of XP60 ist.
In August 2007, Modellista released Vitz RS TRD Turbo M, based on the NCP91 Vitz with the updated 1NZ-FE engine.[34] TRD released a slightly different 1NZ-FE Turbo engine exclusively for Corolla Axio/Fielder GT TRD Turbo in October 2009 and March 2010.[35][36] This engine is commonly combined with C56 5-speed manual transmission, except for Corolla Axio/Fielder GT which had C51 transmission. The U340E 4-speed automatic transmission was only available for the TRD fully converted bB and ist complete cars or from several converted Vitz RS with automatic transmission owned by costumers.[37]
The 2NZ-FE is a 1.3L (1,298cc) version. Bore and stroke is 75mm ×73.5mm (2.95in ×2.89in), with a compression ratio of 10.5:1. Output is 86–88PS (63–65kW; 85–87hp) at 6000rpm with 121–123N⋅m (89–91lb⋅ft; 12–13kg⋅m) of torque at 4400rpm. Visually, this engine is identical to the 1NZ-FE, but can be identified by the 2NZ-FE mark on the intake manifold.
For specific regions with leaded petrol, the 2NZ-FE was not equipped with VVT-i.[10] This version produces 81PS (60kW; 80hp) at 6000rpm with 119N⋅m (88lb⋅ft; 12kg⋅m) of torque at 4400rpm.[38]
This engine is the successor of 2E and 4E-FE 1.3 L engines. It also replaced the Chinese market exlusive 8A-FE 1.3 L engine in 2006.
In 2000, it won the International Engine of the Year award in the 1-litre to 1.4-litre category.[39]
The 2NZ-FE engine was discontinued in Europe in 2005, succeeded by 2SZ-FE engine. For the Chinese market, the exlusive 4NR-FE/6NR-FE engines were introduced as the replacement in 2013. The 1NR-FE engine was set a successor for emerging markets in 2016. The 2NZ-FE engine was available until early 2020 in Australia, New Zealand and Pakistan.[citation needed]
Transmissions:
Manual (5-speed): C50, C50F (AWD), C54, C150 and C154
In 2008, Great Wall Motor (GWM) introduced 1.3 L and 1.5 L engines codenamed GW4G13 and GW4G15. Despite the similar codes, they have nothing to do with the Mitsubishi 4G1x engines, but instead derived from NZ design.[40][41] For example, the NZ engines are using timing chain to connect the crankshaft and camshafts, while the Mitsubishi 4G1x engines are using the less durable timing belt. Visually, this engine looks similar like the NZ engines such as the pulleys position and mechanically also share similarities such as the same bore x stroke size, engine displacement and interchangeable parts.[42][43] No statement from GWM or Toyota regarding the confirmation if these engines are officially licensed by GWM. But according the official press release by GWM in 2009, these GW4G1x engines were independently developed by themselves.[44]
The turbocharged variants of the 1.5 L engine called GW4G15T was introduced in 2011 and followed by the higher output GW4G15B in the following year. These engines were discontinued in 2019, replaced by the cleaner GW4G15F to comply with China's National V emission standard. Further new variants that comply with National VI emission standard codenamed GW4G15K, GW4G15M and the naturally aspirated hybrid GW4G15H are also produced.
GW4G13
Power: 92PS (68kW; 91hp) at 6,000 rpm Torque: 118N⋅m (87lb⋅ft; 12kg⋅m) at 4,200 rpm
The Toyota Vitz is a subcompact car produced by the Japanese automobile manufacturer Toyota from 1999 to 2019 in a three- or five-door hatchback body styles. The "Vitz" nameplate was used consistently in Japan, while most international markets received the same vehicle as the Toyota Yaris, or as the Toyota Echo in some markets for the first generation. The Vitz was available in Japan from Toyota's Netz Store dealerships. Toyota began production in Japan and later assembled the vehicle in other Asian countries and in France.
The Toyota A Series engines are a family of inline-four internal combustion engines with displacement from 1.3 L to 1.8 L produced by Toyota Motor Corporation. The series has cast iron engine blocks and aluminum cylinder heads. To make the engine as short as possible, the cylinders are siamesed.
The Toyota ZZ engine family is a straight-4 piston engine series. The ZZ series uses a die-cast aluminium engine block with thin press-fit cast iron cylinder liners, and aluminium DOHC 4-valve cylinder heads. The camshafts are chain-driven. The two 1.8 L members of the family, the 1ZZ and 2ZZ, use different bore and stroke. The former was optimised for economy, with torque emphasised in lower revolutions per minute operating range, while the latter is a "square" design optimised for high-RPM torque, yielding higher peak power. The ZZ family replaced the extremely popular cast-iron block 4A engines.
The Toyota AZ engine family is a straight-4 piston engine series. The AZ series uses an aluminium engine block with cast iron cylinder liners and aluminium DOHC cylinder head. The engine series features many advanced technologies including slant-squish combustion chambers, offset cylinder and crank centers, and the VVT-i continuously variable intake valve timing system. The aluminium engine measures 626 mm (24.6 in) long, 608 mm (23.9 in) wide, and 681 mm (26.8 in) tall.
The Toyota GR engine family is a gasoline, open-deck, piston V6 engine series. The GR series has a 60° die-cast aluminium block and aluminium DOHC cylinder heads. This engine series also features 4 valves per cylinder, forged steel connecting rods and crankshaft, one-piece cast camshafts, a timing chain, and a cast aluminium lower intake manifold. Some variants use multi-port fuel injection, some have D4 direct injection, and others have a combination of direct injection and multi-port fuel injection or D4-S.
The Toyota S Series engines are a family of straight-four petrol engines with displacements between 1.8 and 2.2 litres, produced by Toyota Motor Corporation from January 1980 to August 2007. The S series has cast iron engine blocks and aluminium cylinder heads. This engine was designed around the new LASRE technology for lighter weight – such as sintered hollow camshafts.
The Toyota E engine family is a straight-four piston engine series, and uses timing belts rather than chains. The E engines were the first multi-valve engines from Toyota designed with economy, practicality and everyday use in mind. Like many other Toyota engines from the era, the E engine series features a cast iron block, along with an aluminium cylinder head. E engines are lighter than earlier Toyota engines, due to the hollow crankshaft, thinned casting of the cylinder block, and several other reductions in auxiliaries as well as in the engine itself. Carbureted versions include a newly designed, variable-venturi carburetor. All of these changes improved economy and emissions. The members of the E engine family, range from 1.0 L to 1.5 L. The E family supplanted the K engines in most applications. A large number of parts in the E engine series are interchangeable between each other.
The Toyota KR engine family is a straight-3 piston engine, designed by Daihatsu, a subsidiary of Toyota. The 1KR series uses aluminium engine blocks and chain driven DOHC cylinder heads. It uses multi-point fuel injection, and has 4 valves per cylinder. Some versions have VVT-i variable valve timing. The engine is exceptionally light: 69 kg (152 lb) with all ancillaries.
The Toyota Belta, marketed as the Vios in selected Asian markets and elsewhere as the Yaris sedan, is a subcompact sedan manufactured by Toyota.
The Toyota Ist is a subcompact car manufactured by the Japanese automaker Toyota. It is exported to the United States as the Scion xA and Scion xD, the Middle East as the Toyota xA and to Europe and Latin America as the Toyota Urban Cruiser for the second generation.
The Toyota UR engine family is a 32-valve dual overhead camshaft V8 piston engine series which was first introduced in 2006, as the UZ series it replaced began phasing out. Production started with the 1UR-FSE engine with D-4S direct injection for the 2007 Lexus LS. The series launched with a die-cast aluminum engine block, aluminum cylinder heads and magnesium cylinder head covers. All UR engines feature variable valve timing for both intake and exhaust cams or Dual VVT-i. Timing chains are used to drive the camshafts. The UR engine has been produced in 4.6, 5.0, and 5.7-liter displacement versions.
The Toyota ND is an inline-four diesel engine used for Toyota models in various markets including Japanese, Indian and European ones.
The ZR engine is a family of straight-four 16-valve all-aluminum and water cooled gasoline engines with a die-cast aluminum block and variable valve timing developed by Toyota Motor Corporation, produced from 2007. Engines displace from 1.6 to 2.0 liters. Most engines in this family are equipped with Toyota's dual VVT-i technology that optimizes both intake and exhaust valve timing. This engine family is also the first to use Toyota's Valvematic system, first appearing on the Noah and Voxy in 2007 and then the European Avensis in 2009.
The Toyota SZ engine family is a series of straight-4 piston engines with a forward-facing exhaust. Toyota Motor Manufacturing (UK) in Deeside produces SZ engines for the Yaris. All three types of the SZ engine are built in Tianjin FAW Toyota Engine Co., Ltd. (TFTE) Plant No. 1 in Xiqing District, Tianjin, China. The 2SZ-FE and 3SZ-FE variations are also manufactured by PT Astra Daihatsu Motor's Karawang Engine Plant in Indonesia.
The AR engine family is an Inline-4 piston engine series by Toyota, first introduced in 2008 for the RAV4, and subsequently for the Highlander, Venza, Camry and Scion tC.
The Toyota NR engine family is a series of small inline-four piston engines designed and manufactured by Toyota, with capacities between 1.2 and 1.5 litres.
The Subaru FB engine is the third generation of gasoline boxer-4 engine used in Subaru automobiles, and was announced on 23 September 2010. It follows the previous generation EJ-series engine which was introduced in 1989 and the first generation EA-series which was introduced in 1966. By increasing piston stroke and decreasing piston bore, Subaru aimed to reduce emissions and improve fuel economy, while increasing and broadening torque output compared to the EJ-series.
The Toyota GD engine series is a diesel engine produced by Toyota which appeared in 2015. It replaced the Toyota KD engine series as a diesel engine series mainly oriented to body-on-frame vehicles. The GD engine featured Economy with Superior Thermal Efficient Combustion (ESTEC) technology. Toyota claims they have a maximum thermal efficiency of 44 percent, "top class" at the time of introduction.
The Toyota Corolla (E210) is the twelfth generation of the Corolla, a compact car (C-segment) manufactured by Toyota. Introduced in 2018, this generation has also grown to include hatchback and estate configurations in addition to the saloon (sedan).
The Suzuki K engine family is a series of automobile engines from Suzuki, introduced in 1994. Displacements range from 0.7 L to 1.5 L. All engines have aluminium cylinder blocks with three or four cylinders in-line. Cylinder heads have two overhead camshafts, driven by chain, and four valves per cylinder. Fuel is gasoline/petrol, metered by multipoint fuel injection or direct injection. Some variants are turbocharged.
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