Tydeidae

Last updated

Tydeidae
Temporal range: Devonian–present
Yellow mite (Tydeidae), Lorryia formosa.jpg
"Yellow mite", Lorryia formosa
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Phylum:
Class:
Subclass:
Order:
Superfamily:
Family:
Tydeidae

Kramer, 1877
Subfamilies
Diversity
30 genera, >320 species

Tydeidae is a family of acariform mites. As of 2016, it contained over 300 species in three subfamilies, [1] though more species have been discovered since then. [2]

Contents

These mites live in a wide range of habitats and there are predatory, fungivorous and scavenging species.

Description

Tydeidae are soft-bodied mites with an idiosoma that is striated, reticulated or a combination of both. They have two bothridial setae. The chelicerae have fused bases, a movable digit that is relatively short and needle-like, and a fixed digit that is reduced. They may have two or three eyes, though some species are blind. [1]

Of the three subfamilies, Pretydeinae has no setae on the genu of legs II, III or IV, and the palptarsus has a triple eupathidium at the end. The other two subfamilies have one or two setae (Tydeinae) or three setae (Australotydeinae) on the genu of leg II, and the palptarsus ends in a double or triple eupathidium. [1]

Ecology

Tydeids are among the most commonly encountered mites in arboreal habitats, including leaves, stems, tree trunks, canopy soils, sporocarps and nests. [3] They are also found in caves, soil, humus, litter, grass, straw, hay and stored products. [1] [4]

Most tydeids are scavengers or fungivores, while some can feed on plants, pollen or animal prey. [1]

Various tydeid species are themselves preyed on by phytoseiid mites. [5]

Species in several genera have been found in beehives. The nature of their relationship with bees is uncertain. [4]

Importance

Some species of Tydeus are medically important: T. interruptus may be a reservoir for scrapie-like agents, while T. molestus causes itching and skin irritation in humans and domestic animals. [4]

Tydeus californicus and Lorryia formosa can damage citrus plants. [4] On the other hand, some tydeid species can benefit agriculture by suppressing (through their feeding) powdery mildew and downy mildew. [1]

Taxonomy

Tydeidae includes three subfamilies with the following genera: [1]

Australotydeinae

Pretydeinae

Tydeinae

It once also included subfamilies Edbakerellinae, Pronematinae, Triophtydeinae and Tydaeolinae. Edbakerellinae and Triophtydeinae have since been moved into family Triophtydeidae, while Pronematinae and Tydaeolinae have been moved into family Iolinidae. [6]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Asilidae</span> Family of flies

The Asilidae are the robber fly family, also called assassin flies. They are powerfully built, bristly flies with a short, stout proboscis enclosing the sharp, sucking hypopharynx. The name "robber flies" reflects their expert predatory habits; they feed mainly or exclusively on other insects and, as a rule, they wait in ambush and catch their prey in flight.

<i>Tuckerella</i> Genus of mites

The peacock mites of the genus Tuckerella are a significant herbivorous pest in the tropics, for example on citrus fruit. Other species dwell in grasses, possibly as root feeders.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Phytoseiidae</span> Family of mites

The Phytoseiidae are a family of mites which feed on thrips and other mite species. They are often used as a biological control agent for managing mite pests. Because of their usefulness as biological control agents, interest in Phytoseiidae has steadily increased over the past century. Public awareness of the biological control potential of invertebrates has been growing, though mainly in the US and Europe. In 1950, there were 34 known species. Today, there are 2,731 documented species organized in 90 genera and three subfamilies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Oribatida</span> Order of mites

Oribatida, also known as oribatid mites, moss mites or beetle mites, are an order of mites, in the "chewing Acariformes" clade Sarcoptiformes. They range in size from 0.2 to 1.4 millimetres. There are currently 12,000 species that have been identified, but researchers estimate that there may be anywhere from 60,000 to 120,000 total species. Oribatid mites are by far the most prevalent of all arthropods in forest soils, and are essential for breaking down organic detritus and distributing fungi.

<i>Tydeus</i> (mite) Genus of mites

Tydeus is a genus of mites belonging to the family Tydeidae. These are small, usually white, mites with soft bodies covered in striations and each leg terminating in two claws.

The Raphignathoidea is a superfamily of the Acari (mite) order Trombidiformes, comprising 1087 species in 62 genera and 12 families.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Parasitidae</span> Family of mites

Parasitidae is a family of predatory mites in the order Mesostigmata that has worldwide distribution. They are the only family in the superfamily Parasitoidea. Relatively large for mites, their color is often yellowish to dark brown. The family as a whole preys on a wide variety of microarthropods and nematodes, with individual species usually having a narrower range of prey. The family contains two subfamilies, 29 genera, and around 400 species.

<i>Lorryia formosa</i> Species of mite

Lorryia formosa, commonly known as the yellow mite or the citrus yellow mite, is a species of acariform mite. They are in the subfamily Tydeinae of the family Tydeidae. Commonly found on the foliage of citrus trees around the world, Lorryia formosa also associates with a variety of other plant types. The life cycle includes six discrete stages of development, and the lifespan averages about 37 days. The females of the species use an asexual form of reproduction where the growth and development of embryos occurs without fertilization by a male, a process called thelytoky.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Trombidiformes</span> Order of mites

The Trombidiformes are a large, diverse order of mites.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hydrachnidia</span> Group of mites

Hydrachnidia, also known as "water mites", Hydrachnidiae, Hydracarina or Hydrachnellae, are among the most abundant and diverse groups of benthic arthropods, composed of 6,000 described species from 57 families. As water mites of Africa, Asia, and South America have not been well-studied, the numbers are likely to be far greater. Other taxa of parasitengone mites include species with semi-aquatic habits, but only the Hydracarina are properly subaquatic. Water mites follow the general Parasitengona life cycle: active larva, inactive (calyptostasic) protonymph, active deutonymph, inactive tritonymph and active adult. Usually, larvae are parasites, while deutonymphs and adults are predators.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Laelapidae</span> Family of mites

The Laelapidae are a family of mites in the order Mesostigmata. The family is also referred to in the literature as Laelaptidae, which may be the correct spelling.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dermanyssoidea</span> Superfamily of mites

Dermanyssoidea is a superfamily of mites, including most of the mites which parasitise vertebrates.

The family Ameroseiidae is one of the three families of mites under the superfamily Ascoidea. There are about 12 genera and more than 130 described species in Ameroseiidae. The family has a worldwide distribution.

Ascidae is a family of mites in the order Mesostigmata.

Antennoseius is a genus of mites in the family Ascidae. As of 2021, it comprised 59 species mostly in subgenera Antennoseius and Vitzthumia, as well as six species not assigned to a subgenus.

Charletonia austisensis is a species of mite belonging to the family Erythraeidae. C. austisensis belongs to the species group with two setae between coxae II and III. It differs from its cogenerate species by various length measurements. The species was first found in Austis, Sardinia, after which it is named.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Blattisociidae</span> Family of mites

Blattisociidae is a family of mites in the order Mesostigmata.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cunaxidae</span> Family of mites

Cunaxidae is a family of predatory mites in the order Trombidiformes. There are at least 20 genera and 390 described species in Cunaxidae.

Melicharidae is a family of mites in the order Mesostigmata.

Uropodina is an infraorder of mites in the order Mesostigmata.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Silva, Guilherme Liberato Da; Metzelthin, Maicon Henrique; Silva, Onilda Santos Da; Ferla, Noeli Juarez (2016-07-04). "Catalogue of the mite family Tydeidae (Acari: Prostigmata) with the world key to the species". Zootaxa. 4135 (1): 1–68. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4135.1.1. ISSN   1175-5334. PMID   27395702.
  2. "Tydeidae - Wikispecies". species.wikimedia.org. Retrieved 2022-12-08.
  3. Walter, David Evans (2004), "Hidden in Plain Sight: Mites in the Canopy", Forest Canopies, Elsevier, pp. 224–241, doi:10.1016/b978-012457553-0/50016-2, ISBN   978-0-12-457553-0 , retrieved 2022-12-08
  4. 1 2 3 4 "Family Tydeidae Kramer, 1877". insects.ummz.lsa.umich.edu. Retrieved 2022-12-09.
  5. Hessein, Nawal A.; Perring, Thomas M. (1986). "Feeding habits of the Tydeidae with evidence of Homeopronematus anconai (Acari: Tydeidae) predation on Aculops lycopersici (Acari: Eriophyidae)". International Journal of Acarology. 12 (4): 215–221. doi:10.1080/01647958608683467. ISSN   0164-7954.
  6. André, Henri M. (2021-12-30). "The Tydeoidea (Ereynetidae, Iolinidae, Triophtydeidae and Tydeidae) - An online database in the Wikispecies platform". Acarologia. 61 (4): 1023–1035. doi: 10.24349/6yc5-1lxw .