Typhoon Matmo (2014)

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Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
Disc Plain black.svg Tropical cyclone
Solid black.svg Subtropical cyclone
ArrowUp.svg Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

The origins of Matmo can be tracked back to an area of low pressure that developed in the Intertropical Convergence Zone, about 280 km (170 mi) east of Chuuk on July 9, 2014. [5] Over the next few days, the system's low-level circulation center (LLCC) slowly consolidated with convective banding developing around its southern periphery and a burst of convection over its center. [6] Located in a favorable region, the system slowly intensified, prompting the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) to issue a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA) on the system, on July 16. [7] Around the same time, the Regional Specialized Meteorological Center in Tokyo, operated by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) started tracking the system as a tropical depression. [8] Tracking slowly northwestward, the depression continued to consolidate while the JTWC initiated advisories on it with the identifier 10W. [9] During the evening of July 17, the JMA upgraded the system to a tropical storm, and assigned it the name Matmo. [10] The subsequent six hours saw the JTWC recognizing Matmo as a tropical storm and the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) naming it Henry as it entered the Philippine area of responsibility. [11] [12] Matmo accelerated somewhat on July 18 as it passed 450 km (280 mi) north-northwest of Koror, Palau. [13] Around that time, the JMA upgraded Matmo to a severe tropical storm. [14]

By July 19, the center of Matmo had become obscured as deep central convection developed over it. Microwave satellite imagery showed improving convective banding despite the overall structure of the storm being slightly elongated. [15] Subsequent intensification resulted in the JMA upgrading Matmo to a typhoon. [16] The convective banding around the LLCC started to curl inwards as an eye-like feature started developing. [17] Increasing wind shear stemming from the subtropical ridge steering the typhoon inhibited further organization. By July 21, the shear abated somewhat and allowed for some intensification. [18] Tracking well to the southwest of Okinawa, the typhoon increased in both size and organization, [19] with a secondary convective rainband developing along the northern half of the system by July 22. Upper-level outflow also improved and fueled the expansion of convection. [20] A broad eye feature developed with strong convective rainbands wrapped tightly into it. [21] The storm reached peak intensity on July 22, with maximum sustained winds of 140 km/h (87 mph) and a central barometric pressure of 960 mbar (hPa; 28.35  inHg). [22] Around the same time the JTWC estimated Matmo to have acquired one-minute sustained winds of 155 km/h (96 mph), ranking the system as a Category 2-equivalent on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale. [23] The storm continued on its northwesterly track and made landfall in Taiwan, south of Hualien. The strongest gusts of 212 km/h (132 mph) were recorded on Orchid Island. [24]

Emerging over the Taiwan Strait early on July 23, Matmo was greatly weakened by its passage over Taiwan. Convective rainbands diminished significantly and its circulation became severely disrupted by Taiwan's rugged terrain. [25] The JMA downgraded Matmo into a severe tropical storm and eventually a tropical storm during this process. [26] [27] The JTWC, however, maintained Matmo as a typhoon during this time. The storm made its second landfall on China, south of Putian, while parts of its rainbands were still over Taiwan and the Philippines. Once onshore, the JTWC downgraded Matmo to a tropical storm and issued their final advisory. [28] The JMA, however, continued tracking Matmo as a tropical storm until it became extratropical on July 25. [29]

Preparations and impact

Street flooding in Fuzhou following Typhoon Matmo Mai De Mu Zai Fu Zhou 3.jpg
Street flooding in Fuzhou following Typhoon Matmo

The remnants of Matmo brought generally light to moderate rains across South Korea, with Seoul reporting 13 mm (0.5 in). Similar rains were expected over Hokkaido, Japan, with forecasts showing 25 to 51 mm (1 to 2 in) over the island. [30]

Taiwan

About 5,400 tourists evacuated from two islands of Taiwan. [31] Taiwan's military had gathered and distributed sandbags in anticipation of flooding. [32]

The storm made landfall over Taiwan at peak intensity early on July 23. One person was reported dead and some damages were reported, [33] and another 5 were injured, due to the storm. [31] A tourist was also reported missing after taking pictures on a shore. [32] Agricultural losses throughout Taiwan amounted to at least NT$594.9 million (US$20 million). Hualien County sustained the greatest damage, accounting for half the losses. [34]

China

In China, an Orange Tropical Cyclone Alert in areas near Fuzhou. [35] [36] Throughout the country, 16 people were killed and economic losses amounted to ¥2.47 billion (US$398 million). [37]

Throughout Fujian Province, 182  EMU trains suffered outages.[ citation needed ]

See also

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References

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  4. ↑ "Typhoon Matmo Recap: Taiwan, East China Hit by Season's Ninth Named Storm". The Weather Channel. Retrieved 15 November 2014.
  5. ↑ "ABPW10 on 2014-07-09". US Naval Observatory. Archived from the original on May 23, 2024. Retrieved 15 November 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
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  7. ↑ "TCFA for Typhoon Matmo". JTWC. Archived from the original on 23 May 2024. Retrieved 15 November 2014.
  8. ↑ "JMA starts tracking MATMO". RSMC Tokyo. Archived from the original on 23 May 2024. Retrieved 15 November 2014.
  9. ↑ "JTWC Tropical Cyclone Warning 01 on Typhoon Matmo". JTWC. Archived from the original on May 23, 2024. Retrieved 15 November 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  10. ↑ "JMA Advisory 171800 on Typhoon Matmo". JMA. Archived from the original on May 23, 2024. Retrieved 15 November 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  11. ↑ "Matmo enters PAR". PAGASA. Archived from the original on 22 May 2024. Retrieved 15 November 2014.
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Typhoon Matmo (Henry)
Matmo Jul 22 2014 0510Z.jpg
Typhoon Matmo approaching Taiwan at peak intensity on July 22
IBTrACS OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
Tropical cyclones of the 2014 Pacific typhoon season
2014 Pacific typhoon season summary.png
TS
Lingling
TS
Kajiki
TY
Faxai
TD
TD
TD
Caloy
TS
Peipah
TD
TD
STS
Tapah
TS
Mitag
TS
Hagibis
VSTY
Neoguri
VSTY
Rammasun
TY
Matmo
TD
TD
VITY
Halong
STS
Nakri
VITY
Genevieve
TD
TD
TD
TD
TD
TD
TD
TD
STS
Fengshen
TD
Karding
TY
Kalmaegi
TS
Fung-wong
STS
Kammuri
VSTY
Phanfone
VITY
Vongfong
VITY
Nuri
TS
Sinlaku
VITY
Hagupit
TS
Jangmi
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