United States Army Military District of Washington | |
---|---|
Active | 12 March 1862–1869, 1921-present |
Country | United States |
Branch | United States Army |
Type | Army Command |
Part of | JFHQ-NCR |
Garrison/HQ | Fort Lesley J. McNair, Washington, D.C. |
Nickname(s) | Guardian of the Nation's Capital |
Motto(s) | Haec Protegimus ("This We Guard") |
Website | Official Website |
Commanders | |
Current commander | MG Trevor J. Bredenkamp |
Notable commanders | Harry H. Bandholtz John T. Cole |
Insignia | |
Distinctive unit insignia |
The United States Army Military District of Washington (MDW) is one of nineteen major commands of the United States Army. It is headquartered in Fort Lesley J. McNair in Washington, D.C. The missions of the units in the Military District of Washington include ceremonial tasks as well as a combat role in the defense of the National Capital Region.
Besides Fort McNair, the following installations are included under the umbrella of the MDW's command:
The Military District of Washington also represents the U.S. Army in the Joint Force Headquarters National Capital Region (JFHQ-NCR), as well as oversight of all ceremonial operations in Arlington National Cemetery.
The current Commanding General of the Military District of Washington is Major General Trevor J. Bredenkamp. The Commanding General, Chief of Staff, and Command Sergeant Major of the Military District of Washington hold the same positions at the JFHQ-NCR, which supervises military planning for the defense of the National Capital Region.
The MDW can trace its origin back to the American Civil War when it was formed on March 12, 1862, as the Military District of Washington, and it included the areas of the District of Columbia, Alexandria, Virginia, and Fort Washington, Maryland. It was first under the command of Bvt. Major General James S. Wadsworth. [1] It became part of the Department of Washington under the 22nd Army Corps on February 2, 1863 and it was disbanded in 1869.
The MDW was reformed in 1921 when the War Department created the District of Washington. Today MDW is one of the Army's major commands. Its installations include Fort McNair, the nation's third-oldest military post still in use, and Fort Myer, Gen. Philip Sheridan's cavalry showplace and site of the first military aircraft flight.
The District of Washington initially included Fort Washington, Md., Fort Hunt, Va., the District of Columbia and Fort Myer. With the dissolution of the District of Washington in 1927, the commanding general of the 16th Infantry Brigade at Fort Hunt became responsible for conducting military ceremonies and administering discipline to service members in the nation's capital. In 1936, the Washington Provisional Brigade was organized, thus relieving the 16th Infantry Brigade. The Provisional Brigade was formed around elements of the 12th Infantry Regiment, 3rd Cavalry Regiment, 10th Cavalry Regiment and the 16th Field Artillery Regiment.
In 1942, about five months after the U.S. entered World War II, the War Department created the U.S. Army Military District of Washington to plan for a ground defense of the nation's capital.
MDW was headquartered during those years in "temporary" buildings at Gravelly Point, Virginia., near Washington National Airport. It moved to Second Street, S.W., in Washington, D.C., in the early 1960s, and to its present headquarters at Fort Lesley J. McNair in 1966.
During the World War II era, MDW was gradually reorganized as a service-and-support command. One of MDW's main responsibilities was servicing the newly built Pentagon through the Army Headquarters commandant. The United States Army Band, "Pershing's Own," also became an integral part of the command's ceremonial mission during this period.
At the end of World War II, the 3rd U.S. Infantry Regiment (The Old Guard) was deactivated in Germany. This regiment, the oldest U.S. infantry unit, was reactivated in 1948 and assigned to MDW to meet the command's tactical commitments and for military ceremonies.
Although MDW's mission has remained the same, it has gained, lost and regained various installations and support responsibilities over the years. Vint Hill Farms and Arlington Hall Station, both in Virginia, and Walter Reed Army Medical Center in Washington, D.C., were once part of MDW. Cameron Station and Davison Army Airfield, near Fort Belvoir, joined MDW in the 1950s.
In 1980 MDW gained responsibility for the administration and daily operation of Arlington National Cemetery, in addition to the ceremonial support the command has always provided.
In 1987 MDW's support responsibilities for the Pentagon were transferred elsewhere. Fort Belvoir became a major subordinate command in 1988.
In 1992 Davison Aviation Command was reorganized as the Operational Support Airlift Command, with responsibilities for fixed-wing Army aircraft support throughout the United States. Additionally, they provide rotary-wing (helicopter) support to Army leadership and distinguished officials in the National Capital Region.
In April 1993, MDW reorganized its MACOM staff and the Fort Myer Military Community formed a garrison staff to support Forts Myer and McNair, and Cameron Station.
On 1 October 1993, Fort Meade, and Fort Ritchie in Maryland, and A.P. Hill in Virginia joined the MDW family of installations. The command more than doubled in size as MDW went from four posts totaling 9,802 acres (39.67 km2) to eight posts totaling 91,889 acres (371.86 km2). The number of service members and civilians on MDW installations also increased from 16,166 to 61,531.
Cameron Station officially closed on 30 September 1995. Most of the organizations were relocated to either Fort Belvoir or Fort Myer.
Fort Hamilton, New York, became the newest member of MDW's family of installations when it was transferred to MDW from U.S. Army Forces Command 6 October 1997. The post is 172 years old.
On 10 June 2010, Secretary of the Army John M. McHugh rescinded MDW's responsibility for the administration and daily operation of Arlington National Cemetery. However, MDW still maintains ceremonial support for funerals and guarding the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier.
The Military District of Washington is responsible for organizing state funerals, including those of former presidents. [2] The Military District of Washington is also responsible for organizing Presidential inaugurations every four years, as well as championship parades for all of Washington's sports teams.
Current units commanded by the district include; [3]
No. | Commander | Term | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Portrait | Name | Took office | Left office | Term length | |
- | Brigadier General James S. Wadsworth (1807–1864) | 17 March 1862 | 7 September 1862 | 174 days | |
- | Brigadier General Harry Hill Bandholtz | 1 September 1921 | 4 November 1923 | ~2 years, 64 days | |
- | Brigadier General Hamilton S. Hawkins III (1872–1951) | 5 November 1923 | 12 February 1924 | 99 days | |
- | Brigadier General Samuel Rockenbach (1869–1952) | 12 February 1924 | 12 July 1927 | 3 years, 150 days | |
- | Brigadier General George C. Barnhardt (1868–1930) | 31 July 1927 | 23 September 1927 | 73 days | |
- | Colonel Guy V. Henry (1875–1967) Acting | 23 September 1927 | 30 September 1927 | 7 days | |
- | Brigadier General Thomas Q. Donaldson (1864–1934) | 1 October 1927 | 21 December 1927 | 81 days | |
- | Brigadier General Herbert O. Williams | 21 December 1927 | 6 May 1930 | 2 years, 136 days | |
- | Colonel Alfred T. Smith (1874–1939) Acting | 6 May 1930 | 7 October 1930 | 154 days | |
- | Brigadier General Edgar T. Collins (1873–1933) | 7 October 1930 | 1 February 1932 | ~1 year, 117 days | |
- | Colonel James M. Petty Acting | 1 February 1932 | 1 April 1932 | 60 days | |
- | Brigadier General Perry L. Miles (1873–1961) | 1 April 1932 | 1 April 1936 | ~4 years, 0 days | |
- | Brigadier General Charles D. Roberts (1873–1966) | 1 April 1936 | 30 June 1937 | ~1 year, 90 days | |
- | Brigadier General Dana T. Merrill (1876–1957) | 1 July 1937 | 30 November 1938 | ~1 year, 152 days | |
- | Brigadier General Maxwell Murray (1885–1948) | 1 December 1938 | 23 June 1940 | ~1 year, 205 days | |
- | Lieutenant Colonel Charles B. Lyman (1888–1981) Acting | 23 June 1940 | 10 July 1940 | ~17 days | |
- | Brigadier General Bruce Magruder (1882–1953) | 10 July 1940 | 10 October 1940 | ~92 days | |
- | Brigadier General John N. Greely (1885–1965) | 10 October 1940 | 28 July 1941 | ~291 days | |
- | Brigadier General Albert O. Cox (1883–1964) | 28 July 1941 | 14 May 1942 | ~290 days | |
- | John T. Lewis (1894–1983) | Major General14 May 1942 | 6 September 1944 | 2 years, 115 days | |
- | Charles F. Thompson (1882–1954) | Major General6 September 1944 | 14 July 1945 | 311 days | |
- | Robert N. Young (1900–1964) | Brigadier General14 July 1945 | 15 June 1946 | 336 days | |
- | Claude B. Ferenbaugh (1899–1975) | Brigadier General15 June 1946 | 6 November 1947 | 1 year, 144 days | |
- | Hobart R. Gay (1894–1983) | Major General6 November 1947 | 6 August 1949 | 1 year, 273 days | |
- | John T. Cole (1895–1975) Acting | Colonel6 August 1949 | 28 February 1950 | 173 days | |
- | Thomas W. Herren (1895–1985) | Major General1 March 1950 | 8 March 1952 | 2 years, 7 days | |
- | Edwin K. Wright (1898–1983) | Major General8 March 1952 | 26 February 1954 | 1 year, 355 days | |
- | John H. Stokes Jr. (1895–1968) | Major General15 April 1954 | 5 February 1956 | 1 year, 296 days | |
- | John G. Van Houten (1904–1974) | Major General6 February 1956 | May 1959 | ~3 years, 84 days | |
- | Charles K. Gailey Jr. (1901–1966) | Major GeneralMay 1959 | May 1961 | ~2 years, 0 days | |
- | Paul A. Gavan (1903–1979) | Major GeneralMay 1961 | July 1963 | ~2 years, 61 days | |
- | Philip C. Wehle (1906–1978) | Major GeneralAugust 1963 | August 1965 | ~2 years, 0 days | |
- | Curtis J. Herrick (1909–1971) | Major General2 October 1965 | 31 May 1967 | 1 year, 241 days | |
- | Charles S. O'Malley Jr. (1913–1993) | Major General1 June 1967 | 1 September 1969 | 2 years, 92 days | |
- | Roland M. Gleszer (1915–2000) | Major General1 September 1969 | April 1972 | ~2 years, 213 days | |
- | James B. Adamson (1921–2003) | Major General1 May 1972 | 12 November 1973 | 1 year, 195 days | |
- | Frederic E. Davison (1917–1999) | Major General12 November 1973 | 22 September 1974 | 314 days | |
- | Ronald J. Fairfield Jr. (1919–2014) | Major General22 September 1974 | 1 August 1975 | 313 days | |
- | Robert G. Yerks (1928–2021) | Major General1 August 1975 | 15 July 1977 | 1 year, 348 days | |
- | Kenneth E. Dohleman (1926–2018) | Major General1 August 1977 | 1979 | ~2 years, 0 days | |
- | Robert Arter (born 1929) | Major General1979 | 1981 | ~2 years, 0 days | |
- | Jerry R. Curry (1932–2020) | Major General1981 | 1983 | ~2 years, 0 days | |
- | John L. Ballantyne III (born 1931) | Major General1983 | 1986 | ~3 years, 0 days | |
- | Donald C. Hilbert (1933–2020) | Major General1986 | 1990 | ~4 years, 0 days | |
- | William F. Streeter (born 1937) | Major General1990 | 20 May 1993 | ~3 years, 0 days | |
- | Fred A. Gorden (born 1940) | Major General20 May 1993 | 29 August 1995 | 2 years, 101 days | |
- | Robert F. Foley (born 1941) | Major General29 August 1995 | 13 August 1998 | 2 years, 349 days | |
- | Robert R. Ivany (born 1947) | Major General13 August 1998 | 28 July 2000 | 1 year, 350 days | |
- | James T. Jackson | Major General28 July 2000 | 2003 | ~3 years, 0 days | |
- | Galen B. Jackman (born 1951) | Major General2003 | 21 July 2005 | ~2 years, 0 days | |
- | Guy C. Swan III (born 1954) | Major General21 July 2005 | 5 June 2007 | 1 year, 319 days | |
- | Richard J. Rowe Jr. | Major General5 June 2007 | 23 June 2009 | 2 years, 18 days | |
- | Karl R. Horst | Major General23 June 2009 | 3 June 2011 | 1 year, 345 days | |
- | Michael Linnington (born 1958) | Major General3 June 2011 | 24 June 2013 | 2 years, 21 days | |
- | Jeffrey S. Buchanan | Major General24 June 2013 | 9 June 2015 | 1 year, 350 days | |
- | Bradley Becker | Major General9 June 2015 | 28 April 2017 | 1 year, 323 days | |
- | Michael L. Howard | Major General28 April 2017 | 4 June 2019 | 2 years, 37 days | |
- | Omar Jones | Major General4 June 2019 | 8 June 2021 | 2 years, 4 days | |
- | Allan Pepin | Major General8 June 2021 | 1 June 2023 | 1 year, 358 days | |
- | Trevor J. Bredenkamp | Major General1 June 2023 | Incumbent | 1 year, 220 days |
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