United States Army enlisted rank insignia of World War I

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The United States Army 's enlisted rank insignia that was used during World War I differs from the current system. The color scheme used for the insignia's chevron was olive drab for field use uniforms or one of several colors depending on the corps on dress uniforms. The chevron system used by enlisted men during World War I came into being on July 17, 1902, [1] and was changed to a different system in 1919. Specification 760, which was dated May 31, 1905, contained 45 different enlisted insignia that varied designs and titles by different corps of the Army. General Order Number 169, which was enacted on August 14, 1907, created an even larger variety of enlisted rank insignia. Pay grades similar to the current system were not yet in use by the U.S. Army, and instead, the pay system reflected the job assignment of the soldier rather than their rank. By the end of World War I, the system contained 128 different insignia designs. [2]

Contents

Examples of pre war dress insignia

US Army Dress Chevron Regimental Sergeant major Infantry 1904-1917.png US Army Dress Chevron Hospital Sergeant 1916-1918.png US Army Dress Chevron Battallion Sergeant Major ASD 1909-1917.png US Army Dress Chevron Sergeant First Class Corps of Engineers 1916-1918.png US Army Dress Chevron Ordnance Sergeant 1902-1917.png US Army Dress Chevron First Sergeant Infantry 1902-1917.png US Army Dress Chevron Sergeant Quartermaster corps 1913-1917.png US Army Dress Chevron Sergeant Signal Corps 1902-1917.png US Army Dress Chevron Sergeant Cavalry 1902-1917.png US Army Dress Chevron Corporal artillery 1902-1917.png No insignia
Regimental sergeant major InfantryHospital Sergeant Medical DepartmentBattalion Sergeant Major Army Service School DetachmentSergeant First Class Corps of EngineersOrdnance SergeantFirst Sergeant InfantrySergeant Quartermaster CorpsSergeant Signal CorpsSergeant Cavalry CorporalArillery Private

Rank insignia used during the war

The ranks used by the army during the war (1917-1918), by branch, were:

Cavalry

US Army OD Chevron Regimental Sergeant Major 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Band Leader 1916-1917.png US Army OD Chevron Band Leader 1917-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Band Leader 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Regimental Quartermaster Sergeant 1904-1916.png US Army OD Chevron Battalion Sergeant Major 1904-1920.png
Regimental Sergeant MajorBand Leader Until December 1917Band Leader December 1917 to May 1918Band Leader After May 1918Supply Sergeant, regimentalSquadron Sergeant Major
US Army OD Chevron First Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron First Sergeatn Drum Major 1916-1917.png US Army OD Chevron Assistant Band Leader 1916-1917.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant of the Band and Assistant Leader 1909-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Assistant Band Leader 1918-1920.png US Army OD chevron Sergeant Bugler 1916-1917.png
First SergeantFirst Sergeant (Drum Major)Assistant Band Leader until December 1917Assistant Band Leader December 1917 to May 1918Assistant Band Leader After May 1918Sergeant Bugler Until December 1917
US Army OD Chevron Sergeant Bugler 1917-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Assistant Band Leader 1916-1917.png US Army OD Chevron Color Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Battery Quartermaster Sergeant 1904-1916.png
Sergeant Bugler December 1917 to May 1918Sergeant Bugler After May 1918Color SergeantSergeantSupply Sergeant Until May 1918Supply Sergeant after May 1918
US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Mess Sergeant 1916-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Stabe Sergeant 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Band Sergeant 1917-1920.png
Mess Sergeant Until May 1918Mess Sergeant After May 1918Stable Sergeant until May 1918Stable Sergeant After May 1918Band Sergeant Until December 1917Band Sergeant After December 1917
US Army OD Chevron Corporal 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Corporal Bugler 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Corporal 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Band Corporal 1917-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Cook 1908-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Farrier and Blacksmith 1908-1910.png
CorporalCorporal Bugler After July 1918Band Corporal Until December 1917Band Corporal After December 1917CookHorseshoer
US Army OD Chevron Saddler 1908-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Wagoner 1910-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Artificer 1908-1916.png No InsigniaNo InsigniaNo Insignia
SaddlerWagonerMechanicMusician First Class Until May 1918Musician Second Class Until May 1918Musician Third Class Until May 1918
US Army OD Chevron Musician 1916-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Musician 1916-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Musician 1916-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Bugler First Class 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Bugler 1917-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Private First Class Cavalry 1916-1919.png
Musician First Class After May 1918 [3] Musician Second Class After May 1918 [3] Musician Third Class After May 1918 [3] Bugler First Class After July 1918Bugler After December 1917Private First Class
No Insignia
Private

Infantry

US Army OD Chevron Regimental Sergeant Major 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Band Leader 1916-1917.png US Army OD Chevron Band Leader 1917-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Band Leader 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Regimental Quartermaster Sergeant 1904-1916.png US Army OD Chevron Battalion Sergeant Major 1904-1920.png
Regimental Sergeant MajorBand Leader Until December 1917Band Leader December 1917 to May 1918Band Leader After May 1918Supply Sergeant, regimentalBattalion Sergeant Major
US Army OD Chevron First Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron First Sergeatn Drum Major 1916-1917.png US Army OD Chevron Assistant Band Leader 1916-1917.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant of the Band and Assistant Leader 1909-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Assistant Band Leader 1918-1920.png US Army OD chevron Sergeant Bugler 1916-1917.png
First SergeantFirst Sergeant (Drum Major)Assistant Band Leader until December 1917Assistant Band Leader December 1917 to May 1918Assistant Band Leader After May 1918Sergeant Bugler Until December 1917
US Army OD Chevron Sergeant Bugler 1917-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Assistant Band Leader 1916-1917.png US Army OD Chevron Color Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Battery Quartermaster Sergeant 1904-1916.png
Sergeant Bugler December 1917 to May 1918Sergeant Bugler After May 1918Color SergeantSergeantSupply Sergeant Until May 1918Supply Sergeant after May 1918
US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Mess Sergeant 1916-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Stabe Sergeant 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Band Sergeant 1917-1920.png
Mess Sergeant Until May 1918Mess Sergeant After May 1918Stable Sergeant until May 1918Stable Sergeant After May 1918Band Sergeant Until December 1917Band Sergeant After December 1917
US Army OD Chevron Corporal 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Corporal Bugler 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Corporal 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Band Corporal 1917-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Cook 1908-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Saddler 1908-1920.png
CorporalCorporal Bugler After July 1918Band Corporal Until December 1917Band Corporal After December 1917CookSaddler
US Army OD Chevron Wagoner 1910-1920.png No InsigniaNo InsigniaNo Insignia US Army OD Chevron Musician 1916-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Musician 1916-1920.png
WagonerMusician First Class Until May 1918Musician Second Class Until May 1918Musician Third Class Until May 1918Musician First Class After May 1918 [3] Musician Second Class After May 1918 [3]
US Army OD Chevron Musician 1916-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Bugler First Class 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Bugler 1917-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Private First Class Infantry 1916-1919.png No Insignia
Musician Third Class After May 1918 [3] Bugler First Class After July 1918Bugler After December 1917Private First ClassPrivate

Coast Artillery Corps [4]

US Army OD Chevron Regimental Sergeant Major 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Master Electrician 1908-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Band Leader 1916-1917.png US Army OD Chevron Band Leader 1917-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Band Leader 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Engineer 1908-1920.png
Sergeant Major Senior GradeMaster ElectricianBand Leader Until December 1917Band Leader December 1917 to May 1918Band Leader After May 1918Engineer
US Army OD Chevron Regimental Quartermaster Sergeant 1904-1916.png US Army OD Chevron Battalion Sergeant Major 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron First Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Electrician Sergeant FIrst Class 1908-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Electrician Sergeant First Class 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Assistant Engineer 1916-1920.png
Supply Sergeant, RegimentalSergeant Major JuniorGradeFirst SergeantElectrician Sergeant First Class Until May 1918Electrician Sergeant First Class After May 1918Assistant Engineer
US Army OD Chevron Master Gunner 1908-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Assistant Band Leader 1916-1917.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant of the Band and Assistant Leader 1909-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Assistant Band Leader 1918-1920.png US Army OD chevron Sergeant Bugler 1916-1917.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant Bugler 1917-1918.png
Master GunnerAssistant Band Leader until December 1917Assistant Band Leader December 1917 to May 1918Assistant Band Leader After May 1918Sergeant Bugler Until December 1917Sergeant Bugler December 1917 to May 1918
US Army OD Chevron Assistant Band Leader 1916-1917.png No InsigniaNo Insignia US Army OD Chevron Elecrtician Sergeant Second Class 1908-1818.png US Army OD Chevron Electrician Sergeant First Class 1907-1908.png US Army OD Chevon Radio Sergeant 1918-1920.png
Sergeant Bugler After May 1918Oiler, Mine Planter Service After July 1918Steward, Mine Planter Service After July 1918Electrician Sergeant Second Class Until May 1918Electrician Sergeant Second Class After May 1918Radio Sergeant Until May 1918
US Army OD Chevron Electrician Sergeant First Class 1907-1908.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Battery Quartermaster Sergeant 1904-1916.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Mess Sergeant 1916-1920.png
Radio Sergeant After May 1918SergeantSupply Sergeant Until May 1918Supply Sergeant after May 1918Mess Sergeant Until May 1918Mess Sergeant After May 1918
US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Band Sergeant 1917-1920.png US Amry OD Chevron Fireman 1914-1917.png US Army OD Chevron Fireman 1917-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Corporal 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Corporal Bugler 1918-1920.png
Band Sergeant Until December 1917Band Sergeant After December 1917Fireman Until December 1917Fireman After December 1917CorporalCorporal Bugler After July 1918
US Army OD Chevron Corporal 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Band Corporal 1917-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Cook 1908-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Artificer 1908-1916.png No InsigniaNo Insignia
Band Corporal Until December 1917Band Corporal After December 1917CookMechanicAssistant Steward Mine Planter Service After July 1918Musician First Class Until May 1918
No InsigniaNo Insignia US Army OD Chevron Musician 1916-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Musician 1916-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Musician 1916-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Bugler First Class 1918-1920.png
Musician Second Class Until May 1918Musician Third Class Until May 1918Musician First Class After May 1918 [3] Musician Second Class After May 1918 [3] Musician Third Class After May 1918 [3] Bugler First Class After July 1918
US Army OD Chevron Bugler 1917-1920.png No Insignia US Army OD Chevron Private First Class Artillery 1916-1919.png No Insignia
Bugler After December 1917Deckhand Mine Planter Service After July 1918Private First ClassPrivate

Field Artillery

US Army OD Chevron Regimental Sergeant Major 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Band Leader 1916-1917.png US Army OD Chevron Band Leader 1917-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Band Leader 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Regimental Quartermaster Sergeant 1904-1916.png US Army OD Chevron Battalion Sergeant Major 1904-1920.png
Regimental Sergeant MajorBand Leader Until December 1917Band Leader December 1917 to May 1918Band Leader After May 1918Supply Sergeant, regimentalBattalion Sergeant Major
US Army OD Chevron First Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron First Sergeatn Drum Major 1916-1917.png US Army OD Chevron Assistant Band Leader 1916-1917.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant of the Band and Assistant Leader 1909-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Assistant Band Leader 1918-1920.png US Army OD chevron Sergeant Bugler 1916-1917.png
First SergeantFirst Sergeant (Drum Major)Assistant Band Leader until December 1917Assistant Band Leader December 1917 to May 1918Assistant Band Leader After May 1918Sergeant Bugler Until December 1917
US Army OD Chevron Sergeant Bugler 1917-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Assistant Band Leader 1916-1917.png US Army OD Chevron Color Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Battery Quartermaster Sergeant 1904-1916.png
Sergeant Bugler December 1917 to May 1918Sergeant Bugler After May 1918Color SergeantSergeantSupply Sergeant Until May 1918Supply Sergeant after May 1918
US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Mess Sergeant 1916-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Band Sergeant 1917-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Corporal 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Corporal Bugler 1918-1920.png
Mess Sergeant Until May 1918Mess Sergeant After May 1918Band Sergeant Until December 1917Band Sergeant After December 1917CorporalCorporal Bugler After July 1918
US Army OD Chevron Corporal 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Band Corporal 1917-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Cook 1908-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Farrier and Blacksmith 1908-1910.png US Army OD Chevron Saddler 1908-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Wagoner 1910-1920.png
Band Corporal Until December 1917Band Corporal After December 1917CookHorseshoerSaddlerWagoner
US Army OD Chevron Chief Mechanic 1908-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Chief Mechanic 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Artificer 1908-1916.png No InsigniaNo InsigniaNo Insignia
Chief Mechanic Until May 1918Chief Mechanic After May 1918MechanicMusician First Class Until May 1918Musician Second Class Until May 1918Musician Third Class Until May 1918
US Army OD Chevron Musician 1916-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Musician 1916-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Musician 1916-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Bugler First Class 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Bugler 1917-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Private First Class Artillery 1916-1919.png
Musician First Class After May 1918 [3] Musician Second Class After May 1918 [3] Musician Third Class After May 1918 [3] Bugler First Class After July 1918Bugler After December 1917Private First Class
No Insignia
Private

Signal Corps

US Army Chevron Aviator.png US Army OD Chevron Master Signal Electrician 1909-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Master Signal Electrician 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant FIrst Class SIgnal Corps 1904-1908.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant First Class 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Chauffeur First Class Signal Corps 1918-1920.png
Aviator Until creation of the Air Service in July 1918Master Signal Electrician Until May 1918Master Signal Electrician After May 1918Sergeant First Class Until May 1918Sergeant First Class After May 1918Chauffeur First Class (Rank Created July 24, 1917) [5]
US Army OD Chevron Sergeant Signal Corps 1904-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Chauffeur Signal Corps 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Corporal Signal Corps 1904-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Corporal 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Cook 1908-1920.png
Sergeant Until May 1918Sergeant After May 1918Chauffeur (Rank Created July 24, 1917) [5] Corporal Until May 1918Corporal After May 1918Cook
US Army OD Chevron Farrier and Blacksmith 1908-1910.png US Army OD Chevron Private First Class Signal Corps 1911-1919.png No Insignia
HorseshoerPrivate First ClassPrivate

Corps of Engineers

US Army OD Chevron Regimental Sergeant Major 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Master Engineer Senior Grade 1916-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Band Leader 1916-1917.png US Army OD Chevron Band Leader 1917-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Band Leader 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Master Engineer Junior Grade 1916-1920.png
Regimental Sergeant MajorMaster Engineer Senior GradeBand Leader Until December 1917Band Leader From December 1916 to May 1918Band Leader After May 1918Master Engineer Junior Grade
US Army OD Chevron Regimental Quartermaster Sergeant 1904-1916.png US Army OD Chevron Battalion Sergeant Major 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Battalion Supply Sergeant 1916-1920.png US Army OD Chevron First Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant First Class Corps of Engineers 1916-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant First Class 1918-1920.png
Supply Sergeant, regimentalBattalion Sergeant MajorSupply Sergeant, BattalionFirst SergeantSergeant First Class Until May 1918Sergeant First Class After May 1918
US Army OD Chevron Assistant Band Leader 1916-1917.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant of the Band and Assistant Leader 1909-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Assistant Band Leader 1918-1920.png US Army OD chevron Sergeant Bugler 1916-1917.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant Bugler 1917-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Assistant Band Leader 1916-1917.png
Assistant Band Leader Until December 1917Assistant Band Leader From December 1916 to May 1918Assistant Band Leader After May 1918Sergeant Bugler Until December 1917Sergeant Bugler From December 1916 to May 1918Sergeant Bugler After May 1918
US Army OD Chevron Color Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Battery Quartermaster Sergeant 1904-1916.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Mess Sergeant 1916-1920.png
Color SergeantSergeantSupply Sergeant Until May 1918Supply Sergeant After May 1918Mess Sergeant Until May 1918Mess Sergeant After May 1918
US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Stabe Sergeant 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Band Sergeant 1917-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Corporal 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Corporal Bugler 1918-1920.png
Stable Sergeant Until May 1918Stable Sergeant After May 1918Band Sergeant Until December 1917Band Sergeant After December 1917CorporalCorporal Bugler After July 1918
US Army OD Chevron Corporal 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Band Corporal 1917-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Cook 1908-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Farrier and Blacksmith 1908-1910.png US Army OD Chevron Saddler 1908-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Wagoner 1910-1920.png
Band Corporal Until December 1917Band Corporal After December 1917CookHorseshoerSaddlerWagoner
No InsigniaNo InsigniaNo Insignia US Army OD Chevron Musician 1916-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Musician 1916-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Musician 1916-1920.png
Musician First Class Until May 1918Musician Second Class Until May 1918Musician Third Class Until May 1918Musician First Class After May 1918 [3] Musician Second Class After May 1918 [3] Musician Third Class After May 1918 [3]
US Army OD Chevron Bugler First Class 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Bugler 1917-1920.png US Army OD Chevrons Private First Class Corps of Engineers 1908-1919.png No Insignia
Bugler First Class After July 1918BuglerPrivate First ClassPrivate

Medical Department

US Army OD Chevron Master Hospital Sergeant 1916-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Hospital Sergeant 1916-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Hospital Sergeatn 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant First Class Hospital Corps 1904-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant First Class 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevon Sergeant Hospital Corps 1904-1918.png
Master Hospital SergeantHospital Sergeant Until May 1918Hospital Sergeant After May 1918Sergeant First Class Until May 1918Sergeant First Class After May 1918Sergeant Until May 1918
US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Corporal Hospital Corps 1904-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Corporal 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Cook 1908-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Farrier 1910-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Farrier and Blacksmith 1908-1910.png
Sergeant After May 1918Corporal Until May 1918Corporal After May 1918CookFarrierHorseshoer
US Army OD Chevron Saddler 1908-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Artificer 1908-1916.png US Army OD Chevron Private First Class Hospital Corps 1908-1919.png No Insignia
SaddlerMechanicPrivate First ClassPrivate

Ordnance Department

US Army OD Chevron Ordnance Sergant 1904-1917.png US Army OD Chevron Ordnance Sergeant 1917-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Ordnance Sergeant 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant First Class Ordnance 1917-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant First Class 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant Ordnance 1904-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Corporla Ordnance 1904-1918.png
Ordnance Sergeant Until October 1917Ordnance Sergeant From October 1917 to May 1918Ordnance Sergeant After May 1918Sergeant First Class August 1917 to May 1918Sergeant First Class After May 1918Sergeant Until May 1918Sergeant After May 1918Corporal Until May 1918
US Army OD Chevron Corporal 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Private First Class 1908-1919.png No Insignia
Corporal After May 1918Private First ClassPrivate Second Class

Quartermaster Corps

US Army OD Chevron Quartermaster Sergeant Senior Grade 1916-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Quartermaster Sergeant 1913-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Quartermaster Sergeant 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant First Class, Quartermaster Corps 1913-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant First Class 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant, Quartermaster Corps 1913-1918.png
Quartermaster Sergeant, Senior GradeQuartermaster Sergeant, Quartermaster Corps Until May 1918Quartermaster Sergeant, Quartermaster Corps After May 1918Sergeant First Class Until May 1918Sergeant First Class Until After 1918Sergeant Until May 1918
US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Corporal, Quartermaster Corps 1913-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Corporal 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Cook 1908-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Private First Class, Quartermaster Corps 1913-1919.png No Insignia
Sergeant After May 1918Corporal Until May 1918Corporal After May 1918CookPrivate First ClassPrivate

Air Service (Created May 24, 1918)

US Army Chevron Aviator.png US Army OD Chevron Master Signal Electrician Air Service 1918-20.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant First Class 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Chauffeur First Class Signal Corps 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Chauffeur Signal Corps 1918-1920.png
AviatorMaster Signal ElectricianSergeant First ClassChauffeur First ClassSergeantChauffeur
US Army OD Chevron Corporal 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Cook 1908-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Farrier and Blacksmith 1908-1910.png US Army OD Chevron Assistant Chauffeur SIgnal Corps 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Private First Class Air Service 1918-1919.png No Insignia
CorporalCookHorseshoerAssistant ChauffeurPrivate First ClassPrivate

Gas Service Created on July 5, 1917 then changed to Chemical Warfare Service on June 28, 1918

The organization of the Gas/Chemical Warfare service is based on a table in a report by the director of the service, Major General William Sibert to the Adjutant General of the Army, [6] Dated September 26, 1918. One column of the table does show the service’s organization as of October 30, 1918, despite the date of the report.

The complex enlisted organization starting in July 1918 is confirmed by War Department General Order 62, dated June 28, 1918, that states “The rank, pay, and allowances of the enlisted men of the Chemical Warfare Service, National Army, shall be the same as now authorized for the corresponding grades in the Corps of Engineers.”

Insignia for the service was prescribed by Change No. 3 to Special Regulation 42 on February 19, 1918. Prior to that engineer insignia was probably used.

US Army OD Chevron Master Chemical Sergeant 1918.png US Army OD Chevron Master Engineer Junior Grade Chemical Warfare Service 1917-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Regimental Sergeant Major 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Regimental Quartermaster Sergeant 1904-1916.png US Army OD Chevron Battalion Quartermaster Sergeant 1904-1916.png US Army OD Chevron Battalion Supply Sergeant 1916-1920.png
Master Engineer Senior Grade After July 1918Master Engineer Junior Grade After July 1918Regimental Sergeant Major After July 1918Regimental Supply Sergeant After July 1918Battalion Sergeant Major After July 1918Battalion Supply Sergeant After July 1918
US Army OD Chevron First Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant First Class Chemical Warfare Service 1918.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant First Class 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Mess Sergeant 1916-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Battery Quartermaster Sergeant 1904-1916.png US Army OD Chevron Stabe Sergeant 1918-1920.png
First Sergeant After April 1918Sergeant First Class Until May 1918Sergeant First Class Until After May 1918Mess Sergeant After July 1918Supply Sergeant after July 1918Stable Sergeant After October 1918
US Army OD Chevron Sergeant Chemical Warfare Service 1918.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Corporal Chemical Warfare Service 1918.png US Army OD Chevron Corporal 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Bugler 1917-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Cook 1908-1920.png
Sergeant Until May 1918Sergeant After May 1918Corporal Until May 1918Corporal After May 1918Bugler After July 1918Cook After July 1918
US Army OD Chevron Artificer 1908-1916.png US Army OD Chevron Wagoner 1910-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Farrier and Blacksmith 1908-1910.png US Army OD Chevron Saddler 1908-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Private First Class Chemical Warfare Service 1918-1919.png No Insignia
Mechanic After July 1918Wagoner After July 1918Horseshoer After October 1918Saddler After October 1918Private First ClassPrivate

Tank Corps (Created in late 1917) [7]

US Army OD Chevron Master Engineer Senior Grade Tank Corps Feb to May 1918.png US Army OD Chevron Master Engineer Senior Grade Tank Corps 1918-20.png US Army OD Chevron Master Engineer Senior Grade Tank Corps 1918-1919.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant First Class 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Corporal 1904-1920.png
Master Engineer Senior Grade February to May 1918Master Engineer Senior Grade After May 1918Master Engineer Senior Grade After May 1918 Alternate VersionSergeant First ClassSergeantCorporal
US Army OD Chevron Private First Class Tank Corps 1918.png US Army OD Chevron Private First Class Tank Corps 1918-1919.png No Insignia
Private First Class February to May 1918Private First ClassAfter May 1918Private

Motor Transport Corps (Created August 15, 1918)

US Army OD Chevron Quartermaster Sergeant Senior Grade Motor Transport Corps 1918-20.png US Army OD Chevron First Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant First Class 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Corporal 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Cook 1908-1920.png
Master Engineer Senior Grade After September 1918First Sergeant [8] Sergeant First ClassSergeantCorporalCook [8]
US Army OD Chevron Private First Class Motor Transport Corps 1918-1919.png No Insignia
Private First Class After September 1918Private

Judge Advocate General’s Department (Enlisted Men Added July 12, 1918 [9] )

US Army OD Chevron Regimental Sergeant Major 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Battalion Sergeant Major 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Corporal 1904-1920.png
Regimental Sergeant MajorBattalion Sergeant MajorSergeantCorporal

Corps of Intelligence Police created August 13, 1917

As far as can be determined, the only enlisted men in the Corps of Intelligence Police were sergeants.

US Army OD Chevron Sergeant Intelligence Police 1918.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png
Sergeant Until May 1918Sergeant After May 1918

Corps of Interpreters Created July 14, 1917 [10]

As far as can be determined the only enlisted men in the Corps of Interpreters were sergeants

US Army OD Chevron Sergeant Corps of Interpreters 1918.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png
Sergeant Until May 1918Sergeant After May 1918

U.S.Military Academy Detachment

US Army OD Chevron Sergeant of the Band and Assistant Leader 1909-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Assistant Band Leader 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron First Sergeant 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant of Field Music 1909-1918.png US Army OD Chevron Assistant Band Leader 1916-1917.png US Army OD Chevron Sergeant 1904-1920.png
Band Sergeant and Assistant Leader Until May 1918Band Sergeant and Assistant Leader After May 1918First SergeantField music Sergeant Until May 1918Field music Sergeant After May 1918Sergeant
US Army OD Chevron Corporal 1904-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Cook 1908-1920.png No InsigniaNo InsigniaNo Insignia US Army OD Chevron Musician 1916-1920.png
CorporalCookMusician First Class Until May 1918Musician Second Class Until May 1918Musician Third Class Until May 1918Musician First Class After May 1918
US Army OD Chevron Musician 1916-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Musician 1916-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Private First Class Service School Detachments 1916-1919.png No InsigniaNo Insignia
Musician Second Class After May 1918 [3] Musician Third Class After May 1918 [3] Private First Class After June 27, 1918 [11] Private Second Class After June 27, 1918 [11] Private

Service School Detachments

  • Regimental Sergeant Major
  • Sergeant Major Senior Grade
  • Master Electrician
  • Master signal Electrician
  • Engineer
  • Quartermaster Sergeant, Quartermaster Corps
  • Supply Sergeant, regimental
  • Battalion Sergeant Major
  • Sergeant Major Junior Grade
  • First Sergeant
  • Sergeant First Class
  • Electrician Sergeant First Class
  • Master Gunner
  • Electrician Sergeant Second Class
  • Sergeant
  • Supply Sergeant
  • Stable Sergeant
  • Fireman
  • Corporal
  • Corporal Bugler (created on July 9, 1918)
  • Cook
  • Horseshoer
  • Saddler
  • Wagoner
  • Chief Mechanic
  • Mechanic
  • Bugler First Class (created on July 9, 1918)
  • Bugler
  • Private First Class
  • Private

Service school detachments wore the same insignia as other branches with privates first class using the same insignia as privates first class at West Point.

Other rank insignia

In 1918 the army added insignia for privates first class serving at army of corps headquarters and with the general recruiting service.

US Army OD Chevron Private First Class General Headquarters 1916-1919.png US Army OD Chevron Private First Class General Recruiting Service 1916-1919.png
Private First Class General HeadquartersPrivate First Class General Recruiting Service

Change number 4 to Special Regulation 42 dated May 7, 1918, prescribes insignia for the rank of motor sergeant. It, along with the insignia for chauffeurs is listed under general application for all branches. An article in the Army and Navy Register from July 4, 1918 [12] states that the rank of motor sergeant had been created under authority granted to the president to reorganize the army as needed during the war. The article goes on the state that there was a law before congress that would create the rank of motor sergeant in all branches and expand the chauffeur ranks also to all branches. This law did not pass.

Various general orders from the American Expeditionary Force do show chauffeurs in various organizations, but as a rank, only in the Signal Corps. However the title of motor sergeant is never mentioned. Nor is it used in army order from the War Department itself. Assistant chauffeurs are listed on tables of organization as privates with duty as chauffeurs in division trains and various organizations in the Coast Artillery Corps.

US Army OD Chevron Motor Sergeant 1918-1920.png US Army OD Chevron Assistant Chauffeur SIgnal Corps 1918-1920.png
Motor SergeantAssistant Chauffeur

Order of Precedence

Article III, paragraph 9 of the Regulations for Army of the United States 1913, Corrected to April 15, 1917, gives the order of precedence for officers and noncommissioned officers as:

  • Sergeant Major, Senior Grade, Coast Artillery Corps
  • Master Hospital Sergeant, Medical Department
  • Master Engineer Senior Grade, Corps of Engineers
  • Master Electrician, Coast Artillery Corps
  • Master Signal Electrician
  • Band Leader
  • Master Engineer Junior Grade, Corps of Engineers
  • Engineer, Coast Artillery Corps
  • Quartermaster Sergeant, Quartermaster Corps
  • Supply Sergeant Regimental
  • Sergeant Major Junior Grade, Coast Artillery Corps
  • Supply Sergeant, Battalion, Corps of Engineers
  • Sergeant First Class, Quartermaster Corps
  • Sergeant First Class, Corps of Engineers
  • Sergeant First Class, Signal Corps
  • Electrician Sergeant First Class, Coast Artillery Corps
  • Electrician Sergeant, Artillery Detachment, United States Military Academy
  • Assistant Engineer, Coast Artillery Corps
  • Master Gunner, Coast Artillery Corps
  • Master Gunner, Artillery Detachment, United States Military Academy
  • Band Sergeant and Assistant Leader, United States Military Academy Band
  • Assistant Band Leader
  • Sergeant Bugler
  • Electrician Sergeant Second Class, Coast Artillery Corps
  • Electrician Sergeant Second Class, Artillery Detachment, United States Military Academy
  • Radio Sergeant
  • Supply Sergeant Company
  • Mess Sergeant
  • Stable Sergeant
  • Fireman, Coast Artillery Corps

See also

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References

  1. General Order 81, July 17, 1902
  2. "U.S. Army Institute of Heraldry-History of Enlisted Ranks". Archived from the original on 2010-06-29. Retrieved 2017-04-30.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Special Regulations 42, Change 4, May 7, 1918
  4. Berhow, Mark. Insignia of the Coast Artillery Corps (PDF). Coast Defense Study Group Reprint. pp. 11–12. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
  5. 1 2 40Stat244
  6. Service, Chemical Warfare (1918). "Annual Report of the Chief".
  7. "Table 256 Tank Brigade, Tank Corps" (PDF). www.militaryresearch.org. 23 September 1918. Retrieved 12 October 2023.
  8. 1 2 Corps, Motor Transport (1919). "Report of the Chief of the Motor Transport Corps to the Secretary of War".
  9. General Order 66, July 12, 1918
  10. General Order 93, July 14, 1917
  11. 1 2 40 Stat621
  12. Army-Navy-Air Force register and defense times, v.64 1918, July 4, 1918, p. 2