A lieutenant is a junior commissioned officer rank in the armed forces of many nations, as well as fire services, emergency medical services, security services and police forces.
Major is a senior military officer rank used in many countries. When used unhyphenated and in conjunction with no other indicators, major is one rank above captain in armies and air forces, and one rank below lieutenant colonel. It is considered the most junior of the senior officer ranks.
Sergeant (Sgt) is a rank in use by the armed forces of many countries. It is also a police rank in some police services. The alternative spelling, serjeant, is used in The Rifles and other units that draw their heritage from the British light infantry. Its origin is the Latin serviens, 'one who serves', through the Old French term serjant.
Gefreiter is a German, Swiss and Austrian military rank that has existed since the 16th century. It is usually the second rank or grade to which an enlisted soldier, airman or sailor could be promoted.
Polkovnik is a military rank used mostly in Slavic-speaking countries which corresponds to a colonel in English-speaking states, coronel in Spanish and Portuguese-speaking states and oberst in several German-speaking and Scandinavian countries. It was originally a rank in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Russian Empire. However, in Cossack Hetmanate and Sloboda Ukraine, polkovnyk was an administrative rank similar to a governor. Usually this word is translated as colonel, however the transliteration is also in common usage, for the sake of the historical and social context. Polkovnik began as a commander of a distinct group of troops (polk), arranged for battle.
Praporshchik is a rank used by the Russian Armed Forces and a number of former communist states. The rank is a non-commissioned officer's and is equivalent to Michman in the corresponding navies. It is usually equivalent to warrant officer class 1 or sergeant major in English-speaking armies. Within NATO forces, the rank is rated as OR-7 or OR-8.
Senior lieutenant is a military grade between a lieutenant and a captain, often used by countries from the former Eastern Bloc. It is comparable to first lieutenant.
Junior lieutenant is a junior officer rank in several countries, comparable to Sub-lieutenant.
A junior sergeant is a military rank used in multiple militaries across the world. It is usually placed below sergeant.
A Senior sergeant is a rank of non-commissioned officer used in the armed forces of many countries. It is usually placed above sergeant.
Major general is a military rank used in many countries. It is derived from the older rank of sergeant major general. The disappearance of the "sergeant" in the title explains the apparent confusion of a lieutenant general outranking a major general, whereas a major outranks a lieutenant.
Rank comparison chart of armies and land forces of Asian states.
Rank comparison chart of air forces of Asian states.
Starshy praporshchik is a rank used by the Russian Ground Forces and a number of former communist states. The rank is a non-commissioned officer's and is equivalent to Starshy michman in navies. It is usually equivalent to warrant officer class 1 or sergeant major in English-speaking armies.
Rank comparison chart of air forces of Asian states.
Rank comparison chart of non-commissioned officers and other personnel for armies/ land forces of Asian states.
Rank comparison chart of all armies of Post-Soviet states.
Rank comparison chart of all air forces of Post-Soviet states.
Rank comparison chart of enlisted for all armies of Post-Soviet states.
Rank comparison chart of enlisted for all air forces of Post-Soviet states.
Kyrgyz Army [1] 
Kyrgyz Air Force [1] 
