The Military ranks of San Marino are the military insignia used by the Sammarinese Armed Forces. Due to the history of San Marino and its cultural ties to Italy, San Marino has a similar rank structure to that of Italian Armed Forces.
The rank insignia worn vary depending on whether the alta uniforme (high uniform), uniforme di ordinanza (ordinance uniform), or uniforme da campo (field uniform) is worn. [1] [2] The alta uniforme distinguishes rank by a series of chevrons and knots on the lower sleeves. The uniforme di ordinanza distinguishes ranks using inverted chevrons on the epaulets of enlisted ranks, and using a series of Tre Penne and towers with battlements for officers. Officers in the uniforme di ordinanza also have a separate set of rank insignia displayed on their lower sleeves, made up of a series of bars and either one, two or three towers for junior, senior, and general officers respectively. General officers also have Greca in their rank insignia similar to their Italian counterparts. The uniforme da campo displays the same insignia as the epaulets of the uniforme di ordinanza worn on either rank slides or patches. [3]
Officers of all Corps follow the same rank titles, with differences in the colors of the rank insignia worn dependent on the Corps. [4]
Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
San Marino (Senior Command, Military Health Service, Compagnia Uniformata) | Unknown | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Generale | Generale brigata | Colonnello | Tenente Colonnello | Maggiore | Capitano | Tenente | Sottotenente | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Sleeve insignia) | Unknown | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sammarinese Guard of the Council | Unknown | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Colonnello | Tenente Colonnello | Maggiore | Capitano | Tenente | Sottotenente | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sammarinese Guard of the Rock | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Colonnello | Tenente Colonnello | Maggiore | Capitano | Tenente | Sottotenente | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Parade Sleeve insignia) | Unknown | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Corps of Gendarmerie of San Marino | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Generale Brigata | Colonnello | Tenente Colonnello | Maggiore | Capitano | Tenente | Sottotenente | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Sleeve insignia) | Unknown | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Parade Sleeve insignia) | Unknown | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
San Marino (Military Band) | Unknown | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Maestro Tenente | Tenente | Sottotenente | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Parade Sleeve insignia) | Unknown | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The enlisted ranks follow a standard format with Caporale being present in most but not all of the corps and Sergente Maggiore/Maresciallo only being present in the corps that are involved in policing duties. [5]
Rank group | Senior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Enlisted | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
San Marino (Military Health Service, Compagnia Uniformata) | ' | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sergente maggiore | Sergente | Caporale maggiore | Caporale | Guardia | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sammarinese Guard of the Council | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sergente maggiore | Sergente | Caporale maggiore | Caporale | Guardia | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sammarinese Guard of the Rock | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sergente Maggiore aiutante | Sergente maggiore | Sergente | Caporale maggiore | Caporale | Guardia Milite | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Parade Sleeve insignia) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rank group | Senior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Enlisted | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Corps of Gendarmerie of San Marino | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Maresciallo | Brigadiere | Vice-brigadiere | Appuntato | Gendarme | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Sleeve insignia) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Parade Sleeve insignia) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rank group | Senior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Enlisted | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
San Marino (Military Band) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sergente maggiore | Sergente | Caporale maggiore | Caporale | Guardia | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Parade Sleeve insignia) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rank group | Senior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Enlisted | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
San Marino, officially the Republic of San Marino and also known as the Most Serene Republic of San Marino, is a European microstate and enclave within Italy. Located on the northeastern side of the Apennine Mountains, it is the fifth-smallest country in the world, with a land area of just over 61 km2 and a population of 33,660 as of 2022.
The Sammarinese Armed Forces refers to the national military defence forces of the Republic of San Marino. It is one of the smallest military forces in the world, with its different branches having varied functions including: performing ceremonial duties; patrolling borders; mounting guard at government buildings; and assisting police in major criminal cases. There is also a military Gendarmerie which is part of the military forces of the republic. The entire military corps of San Marino depends upon the co-operation of full-time forces and their retained (volunteer) colleagues, known as the Corpi Militari Volontari, or Voluntary Military Force. National defence in the face of an aggressive world power is, by arrangement, the responsibility of Italy's armed forces. The component parts of the military are distinguished by distinctive cap badges, one each for the Fortress Guard (uniformed), Fortress Guard (artillery), Guard of the Council, Uniformed Militia, Military Ensemble (band), and Gendarmerie. There is no compulsory service, however under special circumstances citizens aged 16 to 55 may be drafted for the defence of the state.
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