Voiced bilabial flap

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Voiced bilabial flap
ⱱ̟
IPA Number 184 413
Audio sample
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Encoding
Entity (decimal)ⱱ̟
Unicode (hex)U+2C71U+031F

The voiced bilabial flap is an uncommon non-rhotic flap. It is usually, and perhaps always, an allophone of the labiodental flap, though it is the preferred allophone in a minority of languages such as Banda and some of its neighbors.

Contents

In Mono, the sound has been described as follows:

In the first step, the lower lip retracts into the oral cavity to a position behind the upper teeth. At the same time, the upper lip descends to wrap over the upper teeth. In the second step, the lower lip moves forward quickly, flapping against the upper lip as it exits the oral cavity. It is voiced throughout the articulation. In addition, during the articulation of the sound, the tongue bunches in the back of the mouth, adding a velar component to the sound. [1]

And, for allophony between the bilabial and labiodental flap,

The articulation of the sound consists of two stages. First, the lower lip is retracted slowly into the mouth well behind the upper teeth. Second, the lower lip is brought forward rapidly striking the upper lip or upper teeth in passing.

In the literature it has often been transcribed by a w modified by the extra-short diacritic, . [2] [3]

is an unofficial symbol for this sound. It is a conflation between and w. [4]

In 2005 the International Phonetic Association adopted the right hook v symbol to represent the labiodental flap. [5] Since then, the received transcription of the bilabial flap involves employing the labiodental flap symbol modified by an advanced diacritic: ⱱ̟. [6] Since flaps are similar to brief stops, it could alternatively be transcribed as .

Occurrence

LanguageWord IPA MeaningNotes
Mono [7] vwa[ⱱ̟a]'send'Contrasts with /v/ and /w/. In free variation with labiodental flap
Lengola [8] [ example needed ]
Mambay [9] vbwah [10] [ⱱ̟wâˁħ]'fog'
Chinese Taiwanese Hakka Sixian [11] 𤸁苶苶仔[kʰʲoʲ˥ ŋʲap˨ ŋʲaⱱ̟˨ ɛ˥˧]tired

Notes

  1. Kenneth S. Olson (2005) The Phonology of Mono, SIL Issue 140
  2. International Phonetic Association (1989 :70)
  3. Olson & Hajek (2003 :158)
  4. "IPA (SIL) Keyboard Help", help.keyman.com
  5. International Phonetic Association (2005 :261)
  6. Olson & Hajek (1999 :112)
  7. Olson (2004 :233)
  8. "Phoible 2.0 -".
  9. "Phoible 2.0 -".
  10. Anonby, Erik John (December 2006). "Mambay". Journal of the International Phonetic Association. 36 (2): 221–233. doi: 10.1017/S0025100306002635 . S2CID   232345865.
  11. "𤸁苶苶仔_四县(台湾)_汀州片_客语_方言_中国汉语言文学网". www.hanwenxue.com. Retrieved 2022-02-11.

Related Research Articles

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In phonetics, a bilabial consonant is a labial consonant articulated with both lips.

In phonetics, labiodentals are consonants articulated with the lower lip and the upper teeth, such as and. In English, labiodentalized /s/, /z/ and /r/ are characteristic of some individuals; these may be written.

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The voiced labial–palatalapproximant is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. It has two constrictions in the vocal tract: with the tongue on the palate, and rounded at the lips. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɥ⟩, a rotated lowercase letter ⟨h⟩, or occasionally ⟨⟩, which indicates with a different kind of rounding.

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The voiced labiodental nasal is a type of consonantal sound. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɱ⟩. The IPA symbol is a lowercase letter m with a leftward hook protruding from the lower right of the letter. Occasionally it is instead transcribed as an with a dental diacritic: ⟨⟩.

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Linguolabials or apicolabials are consonants articulated by placing the tongue tip or blade against the upper lip, which is drawn downward to meet the tongue. They represent one extreme of a coronal articulatory continuum which extends from linguolabial to subapical palatal places of articulation. Cross-linguistically, linguolabial consonants are very rare. They are found in a cluster of languages in Vanuatu, in the Kajoko dialect of Bijago in Guinea-Bissau, in Umotína, and as paralinguistic sounds elsewhere. They are also relatively common in disordered speech, and the diacritic is specifically provided for in the extensions to the IPA.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Voiced labiodental flap</span> Consonantal sound represented by ⟨ⱱ⟩ in IPA

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The voiced labiodental affricate is a rare affricate consonant that is initiated as a voiced labiodental stop and released as a voiced labiodental fricative.

The voiceless labiodental nasal (stop) is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨⟩, a combination of the letter for the voiced labiodental nasal and a diacritic indicating voicelessness, in certain sources, the voicelessness diacritic can be found below ⟨⟩. The equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is F_0.

References

Further reading