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Voiceless retroflex plosive | |||
---|---|---|---|
ʈ | |||
IPA number | 105 | ||
Audio sample | |||
Encoding | |||
Entity (decimal) | ʈ | ||
Unicode (hex) | U+0288 | ||
X-SAMPA | t` | ||
Braille | ![]() ![]() | ||
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A voiceless retroflex plosive or stop is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. This consonant is found as a phoneme mostly (though not exclusively) in two areas: South Asia and Australia.
The symbol that represents this sound in the International Phonetic Alphabet is ⟨ʈ ⟩. Like all the retroflex consonants, the IPA symbol is formed by adding a rightward-pointing hook extending from the bottom of "t" (the letter used for the equivalent alveolar consonant). In many fonts lowercase "t" already has a rightward-pointing hook, but ⟨ʈ⟩ is distinguished from ⟨t⟩ by extending the hook below the baseline.
Features of a voiceless retroflex stop:
Language | Word | IPA | Translation | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Brahui | سىٹ | [asiʈ] | 'one' | ||
English | Indian dialects | time | [ʈaɪm] | 'time' | Corresponds to alveolar /t/ in other dialects. See English phonology |
General American | art | [ɑɻʈ] | 'art' | Allophone of /t/ before /ɻ/ See English Phonology. | |
Gujarati [1] | બટાકા | [bəʈaːka] | 'potato' | Subapical; [1] contrasts unaspirated and aspirated forms. See Gujarati phonology | |
Hmong | 𖬅𖬰𖬡 / raus | [ʈàu] | 'immerse in liquid' | Contrasts with aspirated form (written ⟨rh⟩). | |
Iwaidja | yirrwartbart | [jiɺwɑʈbɑʈ] | 'taipan' | ||
Javanese | bathang | [baʈaŋ] | 'cadaver' | ||
Kannada | ತಟ್ಟು | [t̪ʌʈːu] | 'to tap' | Contrasts unaspirated and aspirated forms | |
Lo-Toga [2] | dege | [ʈəɣə] | 'we (incl.)' | Laminal retroflex. | |
Malayalam | കാട്ട് / كٰاڊّْ / kāṭṭŭ | [kaːʈːɨ̆] | 'wild' | Contrasts /t̪ t ʈ d̪ ɖ/. | |
Marathi [1] | बटाटा | [bəʈaːʈaː] | 'potato' | Subapical; [1] contrasts unaspirated and aspirated forms. See Marathi phonology | |
Mutsun | TiTkuSte | [ʈiʈkuʃtɛ] | 'torn' | ||
Norwegian | kort | [kɔʈː] | 'card' | See Norwegian phonology | |
Nunggubuyu [3] | rdagowa | [ʈakowa] | 'prawn' | ||
Pashto | ټول | [ʈol] | 'all' | ||
Punjabi | Gurmukhi | ਟੋਪੀ | [ʈoːpi] | 'hat' | |
Shahmukhi | ٹـوپی | ||||
Scottish Gaelic | Some Hebridean dialects [4] | àrd | [aːʈ] | 'high' | Corresponds to the sequence /rˠt/ in other dialects. See Scottish Gaelic phonology |
Sicilian | latru | [ˈlaʈɽu] | 'thief' | ||
Swedish [5] | karta | [ˈkʰɑːʈa] | 'map' | See Swedish phonology | |
Sylheti | ꠐꠥꠟ꠆ꠟꠤ | [ʈulli] | 'skull' | contains tonal pronunciation. [6] See Sylheti phonology | |
Tamil [1] [7] | எட்டு / يࣣڊُّ / eṭṭu | [eʈːɯ] | 'eight' | Subapical. [1] See Tamil phonology | |
Telugu | కొట్టు | [koʈːu] | 'to hit or beat' | Contrasts unaspirated and aspirated forms | |
Torwali [8] [9] | ٹـىىےل | [ʈiɡel] | 'words' | Contrasts aspirated and unaspirated forms. | |
Vietnamese | Southern dialects [10] | bạn trả | [ɓa˧˨ʔɳˀʈa˧˩˧] | 'you pay' | May be somewhat affricated. See Vietnamese phonology |
Welayta | [ʈaza] | 'dew' |