1925 in paleontology

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Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils . [1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks ( ichnites ), burrows , cast-off parts, fossilised feces ( coprolites ), palynomorphs and chemical residues . Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science . This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1925.

Contents

Plants

Liverworts

NameNoveltyStatusAuthorsAgeUnitLocationSynonymized taxaNotesImages

Lejeunea eophila [2] [3]

Sp nov.

jr synonym

Cockerell

Eocene
Ypresian

Green River Formation

Flag of the United States.svg  United States
Flag of Colorado.svg  Colorado

A leafy liverwort morphospecies.
Moved to Jungermannites eophila (1947). [4] [5]

Jungermannites eophila Jungermannites eophila as Lejeunea eophila holotype USNM P36851 img3.jpg
Jungermannites eophila

Angiosperms

NameNoveltyStatusAuthorsAgeUnitLocationSynonymized taxaNotesImages

Alsinites [2]

Gen et sp. nov

valid

Cockerell

Eocene
Wasatchian

Green River Formation

Flag of the United States.svg  United States
Flag of Colorado.svg  Colorado

A carnation family flower morphospecies. [3]

Alsinites revelatus Alsinites revelatus holotype USNM P36858 img3.jpg
Alsinites revelatus

Amorpha utensis [2]

Sp. nov

valid

Cockerell

Eocene
Wasatchian

Green River Formation

Flag of the United States.svg  United States
Flag of Colorado.svg  Colorado

A legume leaf morphospecies. [3]

Amorpha utensis Amorpha utensis holotype USNM P36855 img3.jpg
Amorpha utensis

Banksites lineatulus [2] [3]

Sp. nov

jr synonym

Cockerell

Eocene
Wasatchian

Green River Formation

Flag of the United States.svg  United States
Flag of Colorado.svg  Colorado

First named as a proteaceous seed morphotype
Synonymized into Cedrelospermum nervosum in 1989) [6]

Cedrelospermum nervosum Cedrelospermum nervosum as Banksites lineatulus holotype USNM P36860 img3.jpg
Cedrelospermum nervosum

Bumelia coloradensis [2]

Sp. nov

jr synonym

Cockerell

Eocene
Wasatchian

Green River Formation

Flag of the United States.svg  United States
Flag of Colorado.svg  Colorado

First named as a sapotaceous leaf morphospecies
Synonymized into Leguminosites lesquereuxiana by 1952 [3]

Leguminosites lesquereuxiana Leguminosites lesquereuxiana as Bumelia coloradensis USNM P36853 pl1 Fig5.jpg
Leguminosites lesquereuxiana

Clethra? lepidioides [2] [3]

Sp. nov

jr synonym

Cockerell

Eocene
Wasatchian

Green River Formation

Flag of the United States.svg  United States
Flag of Colorado.svg  Colorado

A tetramelaceous fruit morphotype
Moved to Parvaspicula lepidioidea in 2023 [7]

Parvaspicula lepidioidea Parvaspicula lepidioidea as Clethra lepidioides holotype USNM 36856 img3.jpg
Parvaspicula lepidioidea

Dalbergia knowltoni [2] [3]

Sp. nov

jr synonym

Cockerell

Eocene
Wasatchian

Green River Formation

Flag of the United States.svg  United States
Flag of Colorado.svg  Colorado

First named as a legume leaf morphospecies.
Synonymized into Leguminosites lesquereuxiana by 1952 [3]

Leguminosites lesquereuxiana Leguminosites lesquereuxiana as Dalbergia knowltoni holotype USNM 36854 img3.jpg
Leguminosites lesquereuxiana

Liquidambar callarche [2]

Sp. nov

valid

Cockerell

Eocene
Wasatchian

Green River Formation

Flag of the United States.svg  United States
Flag of Colorado.svg  Colorado

A sweet-gum species. [3]

Liquidambar callarche Liquidambar callarche holotype USNM 36861 img3.jpg
Liquidambar callarche

Lomatia obtusiuscula [2]

Sp. nov

jr synonym

Cockerell

Eocene
Wasatchian

Green River Formation

Flag of the United States.svg  United States
Flag of Colorado.svg  Colorado

First named as a Lomatia leaf morphotype [3]
Synonymized into "Cardiospermum" coloradensis in 1969) [8]

"Cardiospermum" coloradensis Cardiospermum coloradensis as Lomatia obtusiuscula holotype USNM P36859 img3.jpg
"Cardiospermum" coloradensis

Melia coloradensis [2] [3]

Comb. nov

jr synonym

(Knowlton) Cockerell

Eocene
Wasatchian

Green River Formation

Flag of the United States.svg  United States
Flag of Colorado.svg  Colorado

Identified as a Melia leaf morphotype
Moved from Phyllites coloradensis (1923)
Moved to Lomatia coloradensis in 1929
Moved to "Cardiospermum" coloradensis in 1969) [8]

"Cardiospermum" coloradensis Cardiospermum coloradensis Green River Formation 01.jpg
"Cardiospermum" coloradensis

Populus wilmattae [2] [9]

Sp. nov

valid

Cockerell

Eocene
Wasatchian

Green River Formation

Flag of the United States.svg  United States
Flag of Colorado.svg  Colorado

An Aspen/cottonwood relative. [4] [9]

Populus wilmattae Populus wilmattae Cockerell holotype USNM 36852 img2.jpg
Populus wilmattae

Potentilla? byrami [2]

Sp. nov

jr synonym

Cockerell

Eocene
Wasatchian

Green River Formation

Flag of the United States.svg  United States
Flag of Colorado.svg  Colorado

First named as a possible potentilla flower morphospecies [3]
Synonymized into Pseudosalix handleyi by 2003 [10]

Pseudosalix handleyi Pseudosalix handleyi as Potentilla byrami holotype USNM 36857 img3.jpg
Pseudosalix handleyi

Arthropods

Insects

NameNoveltyStatusAuthorsAgeUnitLocationNotesImages

Cardiophorus exhumatus [2]

Sp. nov

valid

Cockerell

Eocene
Wasatchian

Green River Formation

Flag of the United States.svg  United States
Flag of Colorado.svg  Colorado

An elaterid click beetle species.

Cardiophorus exhumatus Cardiophorus exhumatus holotype USNM PAL 69614 Pl2 Fig2.jpg
Cardiophorus exhumatus

Cyttaromyia obdurescens [2]

Sp. nov

valid

Cockerell

Eocene
Wasatchian

Green River Formation

Flag of the United States.svg  United States
Flag of Colorado.svg  Colorado

A long-bodied cranefly.

Eoliarus [2]

Gen, sp. et comb nov

valid

Cockerell

Eocene
Wasatchian

Green River Formation

Flag of the United States.svg  United States
Flag of Colorado.svg  Colorado

A Fulgoroid plant hopper genus.
The type species is E. quadristictus
The genus also includes Oliarus? lutensis (1890).

Eoliarus quadristictus Eoliarus quadristictus USNM P69615 Pl2 Fig1.jpg
Eoliarus quadristictus

Inocellia exusta [11]

Sp nov

jr synonym

Cockerell & Custer

Eocene
Priabonian

Florissant Formation

Flag of the United States.svg  USA
Flag of Colorado.svg  Colorado

An inocelliid snakefly
moved to Fibla exusta in 1936 [12]

Fibla exusta Fibla exusta holotype UCM-4923A NPS img1.jpg
Fibla exusta

Mesoraphidia [13]

Fam, Gen, et 4 sp nov

valid

Martynov

Late Jurassic

Karabastau Formation

Flag of Kazakhstan.svg  Kazakhstan

A snakefly
The type genus of the new family Mesoraphidiidae
Includes the new species M. elongata, M. grandis, M. inaequalis, and M. similis

Thamnotettix packardi [2]

Sp. nov

valid

Cockerell

Eocene
Wasatchian

Green River Formation

Flag of the United States.svg  United States
Flag of Colorado.svg  Colorado

A cicadellid leafhopper.

Thamnotettix packardi Thamnotettix packardi USNM P69616 pl2 Fig4.jpg
Thamnotettix packardi

Archosauromorpha

General pseudosuchian research

Dinosaurs

TaxonNoveltyStatusAuthor(s)AgeUnitLocationNotesImages
Arrhinoceratops brachyops [15] Gen et sp novValid Parks Cretaceous
Maastrichtian
Horseshoe Canyon Formation Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada
Flag of Alberta.svg  Alberta
A ceratopsid Arrhinoceratops BW.jpg
Trachodon amurense [16] Sp. nov. Nomen dubium Riabinin Cretaceous
Maastrichtian
Yuliangze Formation Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China A species of Trachodon later given the genus name Mandschurosaurus

Newly named plesiosaurs

NameStatusAuthorsAgeLocationNotesImages

Tapinosaurus

nomen invalidum

Rabeck

Mislabeling of an image, not a valid genus name

Synapsids

Non-mammalian

NameStatusAuthorsAgeLocationNotesImages

Lycaenodon

Valid

Broom257 Millions of years ago

Lycaenoides

Valid

Broom

Lycaenops

Valid

Broom

A Dog-like Gorgonopsian.

Lycaenops Lycaenops ornatus (2).jpg
Lycaenops

Notosollasia

Jr. synonym

Jr. synonym of Theriognathus .

Mammals

NameNoveltyStatusAuthorsAgeUnitLocationNotesImages

Ardynictis [17]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Matthew & Granger

Late Eocene

Ergilin Dzo Formation

A didymoconid, type species is A. furunculus.

Ardynomys [17]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Matthew & Granger

Late Eocene

Ergilin Dzo Formation

A rodent, type species is A. olseni.

Hyaenodon eminus [17]

Sp nov

Valid

Matthew & Granger

Late Eocene

Ergilin Dzo Formation

A hyaenodont

References

  1. Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN   9780070887398. OCLC   46769716.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Cockerell, T.D.A. (1925). "Plant and insect fossils from the Green River Eocene of Colorado". Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum. 66 (19): 1–13.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 LaMotte, R.S. (1952). Catalogue of the Cenozoic plants of North America through 1950. Geological Society of America Memoirs. Vol. 51. Geological Society of America. doi:10.1130/MEM51.
  4. 1 2
  5. Steere, W.C. (1947). "Cenozoic and Mesozoic bryophytes of North America". The American Midland Naturalist. 36 (2): 298–324. doi:10.2307/2421507. JSTOR   2421507.
  6. Manchester, S.R. (1989). "Attached reproductive and vegetative remains of the extinct American-European genus Cedrelospermum (Ulmaceae) from the Early Tertiary of Utah and Colorado". American Journal of Botany. 76 (2): 256–276. doi:10.1002/j.1537-2197.1989.tb11309.x.
  7. Correa Narvaez, J. E.; Allen, S. E.; Huegele, I. B.; Manchester, S. R. (2023). "Fossil leaves and fruits of Tetramelaceae (Curcurbitales) from the Eocene of the Rocky Mountain region, USA, and their biogeographic significance". International Journal of Plant Sciences. doi:10.1086/724018.
  8. 1 2 MacGinitie, H.D. (1969). "The Eocene green River flora of northwestern Colorado and northeastern Utah". University of California Publications in Geological Sciences. 83 (116): 1–202.
  9. 1 2 Manchester, S.R.; Judd, W.S.; Handley, B. (2006). "Foliage and fruits of early poplars (Salicaceae: Populus) from the Eocene of Utah, Colorado, and Wyoming". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 167 (4): 897–908. doi:10.1086/503918.
  10. Boucher, L.D.; Manchester, S.R.; Judd, W.S. (2003). "An extinct genus of Salicaceae based on twigs with attached flowers, fruits, and foliage from the Eocene Green River Formation of Utah and Colorado, USA". American Journal of Botany. 90 (9): 1389–1399. doi:10.3732/ajb.90.9.1389. PMID   21659238.
  11. Cockerell, T. D. A.; Custer, C. (1925). "A New Fossil Inocellia (Neuroptera) from Florissant". The Entomologist. 58: 295–297.
  12. Carpenter, F.M. (1936). "Revision of the Nearctic Raphidiodea (Recent and Fossil)". Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. 89 (2): 89–158. doi:10.2307/20023217. JSTOR   20023217.
  13. Pérez-de la Fuente, R.; Peñalver, E.; Delclòs, X.; Engel, M.S. (2012). "Snakefly diversity in Early Cretaceous amber from Spain (Neuropterida, Raphidioptera)". ZooKeys (204): 1–40. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.204.2740 . PMC   3391719 . PMID   22787417.
  14. Longman, H.A. (1925). "A crocodilian fossil from Lansdowne Station". Memoirs of the Queensland Museum. 8 (2): 103–108.
  15. Parks, W. A. (1925). "Arrhinoceratops brachyops, a new genus and species of Ceratopsia from the Edmonton Formation of Alberta". University of Toronto Studies (Geological Series). 19: 5–15.
  16. Riabinin, A.N. (1925). "Реставрированный скелет исполинского ящера Trachodon amurense nov. sp" [The restored skeleton of the gigantic lizard Trachodon amurense nov. sp.]. Известия Геологического Комитета (in Russian). 44 (1): 1–12.
  17. 1 2 3 Matthew, William Diller; Granger, Walter (1925). "New creodonts and rodents from the Ardyn Obo Formation of Mongolia". American Museum Novitates (193).