5254 Ulysses

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5254 Ulysses
Discovery [1]
Discovered by E. W. Elst
Discovery site Haute-Provence Obs.
Discovery date7 November 1986
Designations
(5254) Ulysses
Pronunciation /ˈlɪsz/ [2]
Named after
Ulysses
(latinized name of Odysseus) [3]
1986 VG1 ·1990 FN
Jupiter trojan [1] [4] [5]
Greek [6] [7]  · background [7]
Adjectives Ulysseian, Ulyssian
Orbital characteristics [4]
Epoch 23 March 2018 (JD 2458200.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc 31.53 yr (11,518 d)
Aphelion 5.8681 AU
Perihelion 4.6052 AU
5.2366 AU
Eccentricity 0.1206
11.98 yr (4,377 d)
221.78°
0° 4m 55.92s / day
Inclination 24.195°
76.038°
343.01°
Jupiter  MOID 0.4529 AU
TJupiter 2.8100
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
76.15±0.40 km [8]
77.93 km(derived) [5]
78.34±4.4 [9]
80.00±2.59 km [10]
82 km [11]
28.72±0.08  h [11]
28.784±0.0376 h [12]
0.058±0.004 [10]
0.0608(derived) [5]
0.070±0.006 [8]
0.0869±0.011 [9]
C (assumed) [5]
V–I = 0.970±0.042 [5]
8.80 [9]
9.07±1.00 [13]
9.1 [8]
9.164±0.002(R) [12]
9.20 [1] [5] [10]

    5254 Ulysses is a large Jupiter trojan from the Greek camp, approximately 78 kilometers (48 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 7 November 1986, by Belgian astronomer Eric Elst at the Haute-Provence Observatory in Saint-Michel-l'Observatoire near Marseille, southeastern France. [1] The assumed C-type asteroid belongs to the 40 largest Jupiter trojans and has a longer-than-average rotation period of 28.72 hours. It was later named after "Ulysses", the Latinized name of the legendary hero from Greek mythology, Odysseus. [3]

    Contents

    Orbit and classification

    Ulysses is a dark Jovian asteroid orbiting in the leading Greek camp at Jupiter's L4 Lagrangian point, 60° ahead of its orbit in a 1:1 resonance (see Trojans in astronomy). It is also a non-family asteroid in the Jovian background population. [7] [14]

    It orbits the Sun at a distance of 4.6–5.9  AU once every 11 years and 12 months (4,377 days; semi-major axis of 5.24 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.12 and an inclination of 24° with respect to the ecliptic. [4] The asteroid's observation arc begins with its discovery observation in November 1986. [1]

    Physical characteristics

    Ulysses is an assumed, carbonaceous C-type asteroid. Its V–I color index of 0.97 is typical for most D-type Jupiter trojans. [5]

    Photometry

    In September 1994, photometric observations of Ulysses were made by astronomers Stefano Mottola and Uri Carsenty at ESO's La Silla Observatory, Chile, using the Bochum 0.61-metre Telescope. The observations were used to build a lightcurve showing a well-defined rotation period of 28.72 hours with a brightness variation of 0.32 magnitude ( U=3 ). [11] In March 2014, another rotational lightcurve was obtained in the R-band by astronomers at the Palomar Transient Factory, California, which gave a concurring period of 28.7840 hours with an amplitude of 0.33 magnitude ( U=2 ). [5] [12] While not being a slow rotator, Ulysses' period longer than the 2 to 20 hours measured for most asteroids.

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS), the Japanese Akari satellite, and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Ulysses measures between 76.15 and 80.00 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.058 and 0.087. [8] [9] [10] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.0608 and a diameter of 77.93 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 9.2. [5]

    100+ largest Jupiter trojans
    Largest Jupiter Trojans by survey(A)
    (mean-diameter in kilometers; YoD: Year of Discovery)
    Designation H WISE IRAS Akari Ln RP V–I YoDRef
    624 Hektor 7.2225233230.99L46.920.9301907 list
    617 Patroclus 8.19140.362140.92140.85L5102.800.8301906 list
    911 Agamemnon 7.89131.038166.66185.30L46.590.9801919 list
    588 Achilles 8.67130.099135.47133.22L47.310.9401906 list
    3451 Mentor 8.4126.288116.30117.91L57.700.7701984 list
    3317 Paris 8.3118.790116.26120.45L57.090.9501984 list
    1867 Deiphobus 8.3118.220122.67131.31L558.660.9301971 list
    1172 Äneas 8.33118.020142.82148.66L58.710.9501930 list
    1437 Diomedes 8.3117.786164.31172.60L424.490.8101937 list
    1143 Odysseus 7.93114.624125.64130.81L410.110.8601930 list
    2241 Alcathous 8.64113.682114.63118.87L57.690.9401979 list
    659 Nestor 8.99112.320108.87107.06L415.980.7901908 list
    3793 Leonteus 8.7112.04686.2687.58L45.620.7801985 list
    3063 Makhaon 8.4111.655116.14114.34L48.640.8301983 list
    1583 Antilochus 8.6108.842101.62111.69L431.540.9501950 list
    884 Priamus 8.81101.09396.29119.99L56.860.9001917 list
    1208 Troilus 8.99100.477103.34111.36L556.170.7401931 list
    1173 Anchises 8.8999.549126.27120.49L511.600.7801930 list
    2207 Antenor 8.8997.65885.1191.32L57.970.9501977 list
    2363 Cebriones 9.1195.97681.8484.61L520.050.9101977 list
    4063 Euforbo 8.795.619102.46106.38L48.850.9501989 list
    2357 Phereclos 8.9494.62594.9098.45L514.390.9601981 list
    4709 Ennomos 8.591.43380.8580.03L512.280.6901988 list
    2797 Teucer 8.789.430111.14113.99L410.150.9201981 list
    2920 Automedon 8.888.574111.01113.11L410.210.9501981 list
    15436 Dexius 9.187.64685.7178.63L48.970.8701998 list
    3596 Meriones 9.287.38075.0973.28L412.960.8301985 list
    2893 Peiroos 9.2386.88487.4686.76L58.960.9501975 list
    4086 Podalirius 9.185.49586.8985.98L410.430.8701985 list
    4060 Deipylos 9.384.04379.2186.79L49.300.7601987 list
    1404 Ajax 9.383.99081.6996.34L429.380.9601936 list
    4348 Poulydamas 9.582.03270.0887.51L59.910.8401988 list
    5144 Achates 9.080.95891.9189.85L55.960.9201991 list
    4833 Meges 8.980.16587.3389.39L414.250.9401989 list
    2223 Sarpedon 9.4177.48094.63108.21L522.740.8801977 list
    4489 Dracius 9.076.59592.9395.02L412.580.9501988 list
    2260 Neoptolemus 9.3176.43571.6581.28L48.180.9501975 list
    5254 Ulysses 9.276.14778.3480.00L428.720.9701986 list
    3708 Socus 9.375.66179.5976.75L56.550.9801974 list
    2674 Pandarus 9.174.26798.10101.72L58.481.0001982 list
    3564 Talthybius 9.473.73068.9274.11L440.590.9001985 list
    4834 Thoas 9.172.33186.8296.21L418.190.9501989 list
    7641 Cteatus 9.471.83968.9775.28L427.770.9801986 list
    3540 Protesilaos 9.370.22576.8487.66L48.950.9401973 list
    11395 Iphinous 9.868.97764.7167.78L417.381998 list
    4035 Thestor 9.668.73368.2366.99L413.470.9701986 list
    5264 Telephus 9.468.47273.2681.38L49.530.9701991 list
    1868 Thersites 9.568.16370.0878.89L410.480.9601960 list
    9799 Thronium 9.668.03364.8772.42L421.520.9101996 list
    4068 Menestheus 9.567.62562.3768.46L414.400.9501973 list
    23135 Pheidas 9.966.23058.2968.50L48.690.8602000 list
    2456 Palamedes 9.365.91691.6699.60L47.240.9201966 list
    3709 Polypoites 9.165.29799.0985.23L410.041.0001985 list
    1749 Telamon 9.564.89881.0669.14L416.980.9701949 list
    3548 Eurybates 9.663.88572.1468.40L48.710.7301973 list
    4543 Phoinix 9.763.83662.7969.54L438.871.2001989 list
    12444 Prothoon 9.863.83564.3162.41L515.821996 list
    4836 Medon 9.563.27767.7378.70L49.820.9201989 list
    16070 Charops 9.763.19164.1368.98L520.240.9601999 list
    15440 Eioneus 9.662.51966.4871.88L421.430.9701998 list
    4715 Medesicaste 9.762.09763.9165.93L58.810.8501989 list
    34746 Thoon 9.861.68460.5163.63L519.630.9502001 list
    38050 Bias 9.861.60361.0450.44L418.850.9901998 list
    5130 Ilioneus 9.760.71159.4052.49L514.770.9601989 list
    5027 Androgeos 9.659.78657.86n.a.L411.380.9101988 list
    6090 Aulis 9.459.56874.5381.92L418.480.9801989 list
    5648 Axius 9.759.29563.91n.a.L537.560.9001990 list
    7119 Hiera 9.759.15076.4077.29L44000.9501989 list
    4805 Asteropaios 10.057.64753.1643.44L512.371990 list
    16974 Iphthime 9.857.34155.4357.15L478.90.9601998 list
    4867 Polites 9.857.25158.2964.29L511.241.0101989 list
    2895 Memnon 10.056.70655.67n.a.L57.500.7101981 list
    4708 Polydoros 9.954.96455.67n.a.L57.520.9601988 list
    (21601) 1998 XO89 10.054.90955.6756.08L412.650.9701998 list
    12929 Periboea 9.954.07761.0455.34L59.270.8801999 list
    17492 Hippasos 10.053.97555.67n.a.L517.751991 list
    5652 Amphimachus 10.153.92153.1652.48L48.371.0501992 list
    2759 Idomeneus 9.953.67661.0152.55L432.380.9101980 list
    5258 Rhoeo 10.253.27550.77n.a.L419.851.0101989 list
    (12126) 1999 RM11 10.153.202n.a.n.a.L5n.a. ?1999 list
    (15502) 1999 NV27 10.053.10055.6750.86L515.130.8751999 list
    4754 Panthoos 10.053.02553.1556.96L527.681977 list
    4832 Palinurus 10.052.05853.16n.a.L55.321.0001988 list
    5126 Achaemenides 10.551.92244.2248.57L453.021989 list
    3240 Laocoon 10.251.69550.77n.a.L511.310.8801978 list
    4902 Thessandrus 9.851.26361.0471.79L47380.9601989 list
    11552 Boucolion 10.151.13653.1653.91L532.441993 list
    (20729) 1999 XS143 10.450.96146.30n.a.L45.721.0001999 list
    6545 Leitus 10.150.95153.16n.a.L416.260.9101986 list
    4792 Lykaon 10.150.87053.16n.a.L540.090.9601988 list
    21900 Orus 10.050.81055.6753.87L413.450.9501999 list
    1873 Agenor 10.150.79953.7654.38L520.601971 list
    5028 Halaesus 10.250.77050.77n.a.L424.940.9001988 list
    2146 Stentor 9.950.75558.29n.a.L416.401976 list
    4722 Agelaos 10.050.37853.1659.47L518.440.9101977 list
    5284 Orsilocus 10.150.15953.16n.a.L410.310.9701989 list
    11509 Thersilochos 10.149.96053.1656.23L517.371990 list
    5285 Krethon 10.149.60658.5352.61L412.041.0901989 list
    4791 Iphidamas 10.149.52857.8559.96L59.701.0301988 list
    9023 Mnesthus 10.149.15150.7760.80L530.661988 list
    5283 Pyrrhus 9.748.35664.5869.93L47.320.9501989 list
    4946 Askalaphus 10.248.20952.7166.10L422.730.9401988 list
    (22149) 2000 WD49 10.248.19050.7750.37L47.841.0902000 list
    (32496) 2000 WX182 10.248.01750.7751.63L523.340.9502000 list
    5120 Bitias 10.247.98750.77n.a.L515.210.7801988 list
    12714 Alkimos 10.147.81961.0454.62L428.481991 list
    7352 Hypsenor 9.947.73155.67 47.07L56480.8501994 list
    1870 Glaukos 10.647.64942.23n.a.L55.991971 list
    4138 Kalchas 10.146.46253.1661.04L429.20.8101973 list
    (23958) 1998 VD30 10.246.00150.7747.91L45620.9901998 list
    4828 Misenus 10.445.95446.30 43.22L512.870.9201988 list
    4057 Demophon 10.145.68353.16n.a.L429.821.0601985 list
    4501 Eurypylos 10.445.52446.30n.a.L46.051989 list
    4007 Euryalos 10.345.51548.4853.89L46.391973 list
    5259 Epeigeus 10.344.74142.5944.42L418.421989 list
    30705 Idaios 10.444.54646.30n.a.L515.741977 list
    16560 Daitor 10.743.86151.4243.38L51991 list
    (15977) 1998 MA11 10.443.53046.3051.53L52500.9061998 list
    7543 Prylis 10.642.89342.23n.a.L417.801973 list
    4827 Dares 10.542.77044.22n.a.L519.001988 list
    1647 Menelaus 10.542.71644.22n.a.L417.740.8661957 list
    (A) Used sources: WISE/NEOWISE catalog (NEOWISE_DIAM_V1 PDS, Grav, 2012); IRAS data (SIMPS v.6 catalog); and Akari catalog (Usui, 2011); RP: rotation period and V–I (color index) taken from the LCDB

    Note: missing data was completed with figures from the JPL SBDB (query) and from the LCDB (query form) for the WISE/NEOWISE and SIMPS catalogs, respectively. These figures are given in italics. Also, listing is incomplete above #100.

    Naming

    This minor planet is named after Ulysses, the Latinized name of Odysseus, who is the hero in Homer's Iliad and Odyssey , the two major ancient Greek epic poems. In the Trojan War, he killed the Trojan Diomedes, restored the command of King Agamemnon and rallied the tired Greeks. Odysseus also thought of building the great wooden Trojan Horse.

    After the war, he went on a nine-year-long adventurous journey and met the young and pretty Nausicaa, as narrated in the Odyssey. The famous novel Ulysses by Irish poet James Joyce is also titled after Odysseus' Latinized name. For reference, also see the minor planets 1143 Odysseus, 5700 Homerus, 911 Agamemnon, 1437 Diomedes, 192 Nausikaa and 5418 Joyce. [3] The approved naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 10 November 1992 ( M.P.C. 21134). [15]

    Related Research Articles

    1143 Odysseus, provisional designation 1930 BH, is a large Jupiter trojan located in the Greek camp of Jupiter's orbit. It was discovered on 28 January 1930, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany, and later named after Odysseus, the legendary hero from Greek mythology. The dark D-type asteroid has a rotation period of 10.1 hours. With a diameter of approximately 125 kilometers, it is among the 10 largest Jovian trojans.

    3708 Socus (provisional designation: 1974 FV1) is a large Jupiter trojan from the Trojan camp, approximately 77 kilometers (48 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 21 March 1974, by staff members of the Cerro El Roble Observatory owned and operated by the Department of Astronomy of the University of Chile. The assumed C-type asteroid has a rotation period of 6.55 hours. It was named after Socus, a hero from Greek mythology, who was killed in battle by Odysseus.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">1404 Ajax</span> Asteroid

    1404 Ajax is a carbonaceous Jupiter trojan from the Greek camp, approximately 83 kilometers kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 17 August 1936, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at Heidelberg Observatory in southern Germany, and named after the legendary warrior Ajax from Greek mythology. The assumed C-type asteroid belongs to the 40 largest Jupiter trojans and has a longer than average rotation period of 29.4 hours.

    2456 Palamedes is a large Jupiter trojan from the Greek camp, approximately 90 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 30 January 1966, by astronomers at the Purple Mountain Observatory in Nanking, China. The assumed C-type asteroid has a rotation period of 7.24 hours and belongs to the 50 largest Jupiter trojans. It was named after Palamedes from Greek mythology.

    2759 Idomeneus is a dark Jupiter trojan from the Greek camp, approximately 55 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 14 April 1980, by American astronomer Edward Bowell at the Anderson Mesa Station near Flagstaff, Arizona, in the United States, and later named after Idomeneus from Greek mythology. The D-type asteroid from the Jovian background population belongs to the 80 largest Jupiter trojans. It is a suspected binary system and potentially a slow rotator with a rotation period of 479 hours.

    5144 Achates is a large Jupiter trojan from the Trojan camp, approximately 90 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 2 December 1991, by American astronomer Carolyn Shoemaker at the Palomar Observatory in southern California, United States. The assumed C-type asteroid has a rotation period of 6 hours, a notably eccentric orbit of 0.27, and belongs to the 40 largest Jupiter trojans. It was named after Achates from Greco-Roman mythology.

    2363 Cebriones is a large Jupiter trojan from the Trojan camp, approximately 84 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 4 October 1977, by astronomers at the Purple Mountain Observatory in Nanking, China. The dark D-type asteroid is one of the 40 largest Jupiter trojans and has a rotation period of 20 hours. It was named after Cebriones, Hektor's charioteer from Greek mythology.

    5259 Epeigeus is a mid-sized Jupiter trojan from the Greek camp, approximately 44 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 30 January 1989, by American astronomer couple Carolyn and Eugene Shoemaker at the Palomar Observatory in California. The D-type asteroid has a rotation period of 18.4 hours. It was named after the Myrmidon hero Epeigeus from Greek mythology.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">5130 Ilioneus</span>

    5130 Ilioneus is a dark Jupiter trojan from the Trojan camp, approximately 60 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 30 September 1989, by American astronomer Carolyn Shoemaker at the Palomar Observatory in California. The assumed C-type asteroid belongs to the 70 largest Jupiter trojans and has a rotation period of 14.8 hours. It was named after Ilioneus from Greek mythology.

    4791 Iphidamas is a Jupiter trojan from the Trojan camp, approximately 58 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 14 August 1988, by American astronomer Carolyn Shoemaker at the Palomar Observatory in California. The dark Jovian asteroid belongs the 100 largest Jupiter trojans and has a rotation period of 9.7 hours. It was named after the Trojan warrior Iphidamas, from Greek mythology.

    4754 Panthoos is a Jupiter trojan from the Trojan camp, approximately 53 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered during the third Palomar–Leiden Trojan survey on 16 October 1977, by Ingrid and Cornelis van Houten at Leiden, and Tom Gehrels at the Palomar Observatory in California. It is likely spherical in shape and has a longer-than-average rotation period of 27.68 hours. The assumed C-type asteroid is one of the 80 largest Jupiter trojans. It was named after Panthous (Panthoos) from Greek mythology.

    12444 Prothoon is a large Jupiter trojan from the Trojan camp, approximately 64 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 15 April 1996, by Belgian astronomer Eric Elst at the La Silla Observatory in northern Chile. The assumed C-type asteroid is one of the 60 largest Jupiter trojans and has a rotation period of 15.82 hours. It was named after Prothoon from Greek mythology.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">5283 Pyrrhus</span>

    5283 Pyrrhus is a large Jupiter trojan from the Greek camp, approximately 65 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 31 January 1989, by American astronomer Carolyn Shoemaker at the Palomar Observatory in California. The dark Jovian asteroid belongs to the 100 largest Jupiter trojans and has a rotation period of 7.3 hours. It was named after Achilles son, Neoptolemus from Greek mythology.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">1172 Äneas</span> Jupiter trojan asteroid

    1172 Äneas is a large Jupiter trojan from the Trojan camp, approximately 140 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 17 October 1930, by astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany. The dark D-type asteroid is one of the largest Jupiter trojans and has a rotation period of 8.7 hours. It is named after the Trojan prince Aeneas, from Greek mythology.

    2223 Sarpedon is a dark Jupiter trojan from the Trojan camp, approximately 90 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 4 October 1977, by astronomers at the Purple Mountain Observatory near Nanking, China. The D-type asteroid belongs to the 30 largest Jupiter trojans and has a rotation period of 22.7 hours. It was named after the Lycian hero Sarpedon from Greek mythology.

    4834 Thoas is a large Jupiter trojan from the Greek camp, approximately 86 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 11 January 1989, by astronomer Carolyn Shoemaker at the Palomar Observatory. The C-type asteroid is one of the 50 largest Jupiter trojans and has a rotation period of 18.19 hours. It was named after Thoas from Greek mythology.

    6090 Aulis, provisional designation: 1989 DJ, is a Jupiter trojan from the Greek camp, approximately 70 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 27 February 1989, by Belgian astronomer Henri Debehogne at ESO's La Silla Observatory in northern Chile. The dark Jovian asteroid belongs to the 50 largest Jupiter trojans and has a rotation period of 18.5 hours. It was named for the ancient Greek port Aulis, mentioned in the Iliad.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">16974 Iphthime</span>

    16974 Iphthime (; prov. designation: 1998 WR21) is a Jupiter trojan and a binary system from the Greek camp, approximately 57 kilometers (35 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 18 November 1998, by astronomers with the Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research at the ETS Test Site in Socorro, New Mexico. The dark Jovian asteroid belongs to the 80 largest Jupiter trojans and has a notably slow rotation of 78.9 hours. It was named after Iphthime from Greek mythology. The discovery of its companion by Hubble Space Telescope was announced in March 2016.

    11395 Iphinous, provisional designation: 1998 XN77, is a large Jupiter trojan from the Greek camp approximately 66 kilometers (41 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 15 December 1998, by astronomers with the Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research at the Lincoln Laboratory's Experimental Test Site near Socorro, New Mexico, in the United States. The dark asteroid has a rotation period of 17.4 hours and possibly a spherical shape. The body is one of the 50 largest Jupiter trojans. It was named from Greek mythology after the Achaean soldier Iphinous who was killed by Glaucus in the Trojan War.

    9799 Thronium, provisional designation: 1996 RJ, is a large Jupiter trojan from the Greek camp and the parent body of a small, unnamed asteroid family (006), approximately 68 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 8 September 1996, by American astronomer Timothy Spahr at the Catalina Station of the Steward Observatory near Tucson, Arizona, in the United States. The assumed C-type asteroid belongs to the 50 largest Jupiter trojans and has a relatively long rotation period of 21.52 hours. It was named for the ancient Greek city of Thronium mentioned in the Iliad.

    References

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