811

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811 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar 811
DCCCXI
Ab urbe condita 1564
Armenian calendar 260
ԹՎ ՄԿ
Assyrian calendar 5561
Balinese saka calendar 732–733
Bengali calendar 217–218
Berber calendar 1761
Buddhist calendar 1355
Burmese calendar 173
Byzantine calendar 6319–6320
Chinese calendar 庚寅年 (Metal  Tiger)
3508 or 3301
     to 
辛卯年 (Metal  Rabbit)
3509 or 3302
Coptic calendar 527–528
Discordian calendar 1977
Ethiopian calendar 803–804
Hebrew calendar 4571–4572
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat 867–868
 - Shaka Samvat 732–733
 - Kali Yuga 3911–3912
Holocene calendar 10811
Iranian calendar 189–190
Islamic calendar 195–196
Japanese calendar Kōnin 2
(弘仁2年)
Javanese calendar 707–708
Julian calendar 811
DCCCXI
Korean calendar 3144
Minguo calendar 1101 before ROC
民前1101年
Nanakshahi calendar −657
Seleucid era 1122/1123 AG
Thai solar calendar 1353–1354
Tibetan calendar 阳金虎年
(male Iron-Tiger)
937 or 556 or −216
     to 
阴金兔年
(female Iron-Rabbit)
938 or 557 or −215
Battle of Varbitsa Pass near Pliska (811) Battle of Varbitsa Pass.png
Battle of Vărbitsa Pass near Pliska (811)
Krum feasts his victory over Nikephoros I Krum1.jpg
Krum feasts his victory over Nikephoros I

Year 811 ( DCCCXI ) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar, the 811th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 811th year of the 1st millennium, the 11th year of the 9th century, and the 2nd year of the 810s decade.

Contents

Events

By place

Byzantine Empire

  • Byzantine–Bulgarian War: Emperor Nikephoros I organises a new campaign against the Bulgarian Empire, gathering an expeditionary force (most of the Roman army) from all parts of the empire. He is accompanied by high-ranking officials and aristocrats, including his son Stauracius and brother-in-law Michael I Rangabe [1] (both later emperors temporarily). Krum, ruler ( khan ) of Bulgaria, sends envoys to sue for peace. Nikephoros refuses to accept the terms and marches through the Balkan passes towards Pliska, the Bulgarian capital.
  • July 23 Nikephoros I reaches Pliska, and destroys a Bulgarian army of 12,000 elite soldiers who guard the stronghold. Another hastily assembled relief force of 50,000 soldiers suffers a similar fate. [2] The Byzantines capture the defenseless capital. Nikephoros plunders the city and captures Krum's treasury. [3] He burns the countryside, slaughters sheep and pigs, as he pursues the retreating Bulgars southwest towards Serdica (modern-day Sofia). [4]
  • July 26 Battle of Vărbitsa Pass: Nikephoros I is trapped (probably in the Vărbitsa Pass) and defeated by the Bulgars, who use the tactics of ambush and surprise night attacks to immobilize the Byzantine forces. Nikephoros himself is killed; Krum has the emperor's head carried back in triumph on a pole, where it is cleaned out, lined with silver and made into a jeweled skull cup, which he allows his Slavic princes (archons) to drink from with him. [5]
  • Stauracius is installed as emperor at Adrianople (the first time a Byzantine emperor is crowned outside Constantinople). Because of a sword wound near his neck (during the Battle of Pliska), Stauracius is paralyzed. The imperial court is split between the noble factions of his wife Theophano and his sister Prokopia. [6]
  • October 2 Michael I is declared emperor of the Byzantine Empire; Stauracius is forced by senior officials to retire to a monastery. [7]

Europe

Abbasid Caliphate

Births

Deaths

References

  1. Anonymus Vaticanus, p. 148.
  2. Anonymus Vaticanus, pp. 148-149.
  3. Anastasius Bibliothecarius. Chronographia tripertita, p. 329.
  4. Anonymus Vaticanus, p. 150.
  5. Fine, John V. A. Jr. (1991) [1983]. The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. ISBN   0-472-08149-7.
  6. Treadgold, Warren (1997). A History of the Byzantine State and Society. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. p. 429. ISBN   0-8047-2630-2.
  7. Treadgold, Warren (1997). A History of the Byzantine State and Society. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. p. 429. ISBN   0-8047-2630-2.