954

Millennium:	1st millennium
Centuries:	9th century 10th century 11th century
Decades:	930s 940s 950s 960s 970s
Years:	951 952 953 954 955 956 957

954 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	954 CMLIV
Ab urbe condita	1707
Armenian calendar	403 ԹՎ ՆԳ
Assyrian calendar	5704
Balinese saka calendar	875–876
Bengali calendar	361
Berber calendar	1904
Buddhist calendar	1498
Burmese calendar	316
Byzantine calendar	6462–6463
Chinese calendar	癸丑年 (Water  Ox) 3651 or 3444     — to — 甲寅年 (Wood  Tiger) 3652 or 3445
Coptic calendar	670–671
Discordian calendar	2120
Ethiopian calendar	946–947
Hebrew calendar	4714–4715
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1010–1011
- Shaka Samvat	875–876
- Kali Yuga	4054–4055
Holocene calendar	10954
Iranian calendar	332–333
Islamic calendar	342–343
Japanese calendar	Tenryaku 8 (天暦８年)
Javanese calendar	854–855
Julian calendar	954 CMLIV
Korean calendar	3287
Minguo calendar	958 before ROC 民前958年
Nanakshahi calendar	−514
Seleucid era	1265/1266 AG
Thai solar calendar	1496–1497
Tibetan calendar	阴水牛年 (female Water-Ox) 1080 or 699 or −73     — to — 阳木虎年 (male Wood-Tiger) 1081 or 700 or −72

Chieftain Bulcsú as depicted in 1654.

Year 954 ( CMLIV ) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Europe

• Spring – A Hungarian army led by Bulcsú crosses the Rhine. He camps at Worms in the capital of his ally Conrad the Red, duke of Lorraine. Bulcsú heads west, attacking the domains of King Otto I, by crossing the rivers Moselle and Maas. ^[1]
• April 6–10 – The Hungarians besiege Cambrai and burn its suburbs, but they are unable to conquer the city. One of Bulcsú's relatives is killed by the defenders, who refuse to pass his body over to the Hungarians. As a revenge, they kill all their captives.
• The Hungarians plunder the regions of Hesbaye and Carbonaria (modern Belgium). They plunder and burn the monastery of Saint Lambert from Hainaut, the monastery of Moorsel, sack the cities of Gembloux and Tournai.
• Summer – The Hungarians plunder the surroundings of Laon, Reims, Chalon, Metz, and Gorze. After that, they return to Burgundy. In Provence, the Hungarians battle with the Moors from the Muslim enclave of Fraxinet. ^[2]
• September 10 – King Louis IV (d'Outremer) dies after a hunting accident (near his palace in Corbeny). He is succeeded by his 13-year-old son Lothair III under the guardianship of Hugh the Great, count of Paris.
• November 12 – Lothair III is crowned by Artald, archbishop of Reims, at the Abbey of Saint-Remi as king of the West Frankish Kingdom. His mother, Queen Gerberga of Saxony, appoints Hugh the Great as regent. ^[3]
• Winter – At the Reichstag in Auerstedt assembled by Otto I, his son Liudolf (duke of Swabia) and Conrad the Red submit to Otto's rule. They are stripped of their duchies, but several rebel nobles continue to resist. ^[4]

British Isles

• King Eric I (Bloodaxe) is killed at Stainmore allowing King Eadred to recover York, ^[5] reuniting Northumbria with that of All England. High-Reeve Osulf I of Bamburgh is appointed ealdorman ("earl") of Northumbria.
• King Malcolm I is killed in battle against the Northmen after an 11-year reign. He is succeeded by Indulf, the son of the late King Constantine II, as ruler of Alba (Scotland).

By topic

Religion

• Duke Alberic II, princeps and ruler of Rome, dies after a 22-year reign. On his deathbed he nominates his son Octavianus as his successor.
• Seborga (modern-day Liguria) comes under the jurisdiction of the Benedictine monks of Santo Onorato of Lérins.

Births

• Fujiwara no Yoshitaka, Japanese waka poet (d. 974)
• Malcolm II, king of Alba (Scotland) (approximate date)
• Ōnakatomi no Sukechika, Japanese waka poet (d. 1038)
• Otto I, duke of Swabia and Bavaria (d. 982)
• Wang Yucheng, Chinese official and poet (d. 1001)

Deaths

• January 25 – Ashot II, prince of Tao-Klarjeti (Georgia)
• February 22 – Guo Wei, emperor of the Later Zhou (b. 904)
• May 21 – Feng Dao, Chinese prince and chancellor (b. 882)
• September 10 – Louis IV, king of the West Frankish Kingdom
• Abul-Aish Ahmad, Idrisid ruler and sultan (Morocco)
• Alberic II, princeps and duke of Spoleto (b. 912)
• Cellachán Caisil, king of Munster (Ireland)
• Eric I (Bloodaxe), Norwegian Viking king
• Frederick, archbishop (elector) of Mainz
• Fujiwara no Onshi, empress of Japan (b. 885)
• Li, Chinese empress dowager of the Later Han
• Liu Chong, founder of the Northern Han
• Malcolm I, king of Alba (Scotland)
• Nuh ibn Nasr, Samanid emir

References

1. Bóna, István (2000). The Hungarians and Europe in the 9th-10th centuries. Budapest: Historia - MTA Történettudományi Intézete, pp. 51-52. ISBN   963-8312-67-X.
2. Ballan, Mohammad (2010). Fraxinetum: An Islamic Frontier State in Tenth-Century Provence. Comitatus: A journal of Medieval and Renaissance Studies, Volume 41, 2010, p. 31.
3. The Annals of Flodoard of Reims, 916–966, eds & trans. Steven Fanning: Bernard S. Bachrach (New York; Ontario, Can: University of Toronto Press, 2011), p. 60.
4. Timothy Reuter (1999). The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume III, p. 247. ISBN   978-0-521-36447-8.
5. Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History . London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp.  95–104. ISBN   978-0-304-35730-7.