The government of Afghanistan is currently disputed following the effective collapse of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan during the fall of Kabul to Taliban forces on 15 August 2021 and the subsequent re-establishment of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan which now exercises de facto control over most of the country. On 7 September 2021 the Taliban officials in de facto control of most of Afghanistan announced a new interim government headed by Mullah Mohammad Hassan Akhund as Prime Minister. The government is subject to the oversight of the Taliban's Supreme Leader,Haibatullah Akhundzada. As of 8 September 2021,the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan has not yet been formally recognized as the de jure government of Afghanistan by any other country. The representatives appointed by the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan continue to represent the country at the United Nations. These representatives have refused to recognize the Taliban appointed government and have urged other countries to not recognize this government either.
This article on the history of Afghanistan covers the period from the fall of the Najibullah government in 1992 to the end of the international military presence in Afghanistan.
The president of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan was constitutionally the head of state and head of government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (2004–2021) and Commander-in-Chief of the Afghan Armed Forces.
Mohammad Ashraf Ghani Ahmadzai is an Afghan former politician,academic,and economist who served as the president of Afghanistan from September 2014 until August 2021,when his government was overthrown by the Taliban.
The Kharoti are a Pashtun tribe of Ghilji origin,originating in the central part of Paktika Province,Afghanistan,but can be also found in other parts of the country. The Kharoti settled in Kharotabad in Quetta,British India around 1945.
Sibghatullah Mojaddedi was an Afghan politician,who served as Acting President after the fall of Mohammad Najibullah's government in April 1992. He was the first leader to call for armed resistance against the Soviet-backed regime in 1979 and founded the Afghan National Liberation Front at the time;later becoming a respected figure among the various Afghan mujahideen. He served as the chairman of the 2003 loya jirga that approved Afghanistan's new constitution. In 2005,he was appointed chairman of the Meshrano Jirga,upper house of the National Assembly of Afghanistan,and was reappointed as a member in 2011. He also served on the Afghan High Peace Council. Mojaddedi is considered to have been a moderate Muslim leader.
The National Assembly,also known as the Parliament of Afghanistan or simply as the Afghan Parliament,was the legislature of Afghanistan in various forms from the monarchy,republican,communist and democratic periods between 1931 and 2021. It was a bicameral body,comprising two chambers:
Ahmad Zia Massoud is an Afghan politician who was the Vice President of Afghanistan in the first elected administration of President Hamid Karzai,from December 2004 to November 2009. He is a younger brother of the late Ahmad Shah Massoud,the resistance leader against the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and against the Taliban. In late 2011,Ahmad Zia Massoud joined hands with major leaders in the National Front of Afghanistan,which strongly opposed a return of the Taliban to power. The National Front was generally regarded as a reformation of the United Front which with U.S. air support temporarily removed the Taliban from power in late 2001.
Abdullah Abdullah is an Afghan politician who led the High Council for National Reconciliation (HCNR) from May 2020 until August 2021,when the Afghan government was overthrown by the Taliban. The council had been established to facilitate peace talks between the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan and the Taliban insurgents. Abdullah served as the Chief Executive of Afghanistan from September 2014 to March 2020,and as Minister of Foreign Affairs from December 2001 to April 2005. Prior to that,he was a senior member of the Northern Alliance,working as an adviser to Ahmad Shah Massoud. He worked as an ophthalmologist and medical doctor in the 1980s.
Mohammed Masoom Stanekzai is a former Minister,Chief Peace Negotiator,and chief of the National Directorate of Security (NDS) of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan.
Mohammad Daoud Sultanzoy,is an Afghan politician,pilot and television presenter who served as Mayor of Kabul from 2020 to 2021;the Fall of Kabul (2021) occurred during his incumbency. He was previously elected to represent Ghazni Province in Wolesi Jirga,the lower house of its National Legislature,in 2005. He is a Pashtun from the Ghilzai tribe. He was spokesperson of Ashraf Ghani Ahmadzai during 2019 elections.
Nancy Hatch Dupree was an American-Afghan historian whose work primarily focused on the history of modern Afghanistan. She was the director of the Afghanistan Center at Kabul University and author of five books that she compiled while studying the history of Afghanistan from 1962 until the late 1970s,writing about tourism and history of Bamyan,Kabul,Kandahar,Herat,Mazar-i-Sharif and so on. She was fondly called the "grandmother of Afghanistan",having spent more of her life there or with Afghans abroad.
Sarwar Ahmedzai is a citizen of Afghanistan who was a presidential candidate in 2009 and 2014. Currently he is serving as an adviser to the President Ashraf Ghani.
Haji Mohammad Nazar Faqiri,or Nazar Muhammad Faqiri,was appointed to serve in the Meshrano Jirga,the upper house of Afghanistan`s national legislature,in 2005. He sits in the Meshrano Jirga as a direct appointment by Afghan President Hamid Karzai. Faqiri is from Baghlan Province,and is considered a tribal elder there.
2003 in Afghanistan. A list of notable incidents in Afghanistan during 2003
Abdul Rahim Ayoubi is a politician in Afghanistan who is the member of Afghan Parliament since 2010 till 2016 and the president of Afghanistan United Nation Party. In the previous election Ayoubi supported Ashraf Ghani to bring new changes for the nation to face new challenges in the future.
Events in the year 2020 in Afghanistan.
Mohammad Moeen Marastial is an Afghan politician who served as a Member of Parliament in Wolesi Jirga,the lower house,representing the people of Afghanistan from 2003 to 2009. During his incumbency,he advocated for education for all,a receptive and accountable government,focusing on the best interests of the nation and a strong rule of law.
