Barnes & Noble

Last updated

Barnes & Noble Booksellers
Company type Private
ISIN US0677741094
Industry bookselling   OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
PredecessorArthur Hinds & Company
Founded1886;140 years ago (1886) (as Arthur Hinds & Company) in New York City, U.S.
Founders
Headquarters33 E. 17th Street,
New York City
,
U.S.
Number of locations
614 (As of July 2020 [3] )
Area served
  • United States
Key people
Products Books, maps, CDs, DVDs, toys, games, stationery, calendars, gift packs, magazines, board games, encyclopedias
Brands
  • Nook
  • SparkNotes
  • Barnes & Noble Booksellers
  • Nook Digital, LLC
  • Sterling Publishing
RevenueDecrease2.svg US$3.552 billion (FY 2019[ needs update ])
Increase2.svg US$38.596 million (FY 2019[ needs update ])
Decrease2.svg US$3.769 million (FY 2019[ needs update ])
Total assets Steady2.svg US$1.705 billion (FY 2019[ needs update ])
Total equity Steady2.svg US$444.497 million (FY 2019[ needs update ])
Owner Elliott Investment Management
Number of employees
24,000 (2019)
Website
Footnotes /references
[4]

Barnes & Noble Booksellers is an American bookseller with the largest number of retail outlets in the United States. The company operates approximately 600 retail stores across the United States. [5]

Contents

Barnes & Noble operates mainly through its Barnes & Noble Booksellers chain of bookstores. The company's headquarters are at 33 E. 17th Street on Union Square in New York City. [6]

As a result of a series of mergers and bankruptcies in the American bookstore industry since the 1990s (notably the liquidation of their main competitor Borders), Barnes & Noble has become the United States' largest bookstore chain and the only national chain. [7] [8] Previously, Barnes & Noble operated the chain of small B. Dalton Bookseller stores in malls until they announced the liquidation of the chain in 2010. The company was also one of the nation's largest manager of college textbook stores located on or near many college campuses when that division was spun off as a separate public company called Barnes & Noble Education in 2015.

The company is known by its customers for large retail outlets, many of which contain a café serving Starbucks coffee and other consumables. Most stores sell books, magazines, newspapers, DVDs, graphic novels, gifts, games, toys, music, and Nook e-readers and tablets. The company offers publishing and self-publishing services.

History

19th century: Foundations

Clifford Noble in 1893 Clifford Noble in 1893.jpg
Clifford Noble in 1893

The company's official history shows the company being founded in 1873, when Charles M. Barnes founded a book business in Wheaton, Illinois. In 1917, Barnes son, William, joined G. Clifford Noble in establishing Barnes & Noble. [9]

A major part of what would become Barnes and Noble was founded in 1886 as a bookstore called Arthur Hinds & Company, [10] located at 4 Cooper Institute in the Cooper Union Building in New York City. [11] [12] [13] In the fall of 1886, Gilbert Clifford Noble from Westfield, Massachusetts, who had graduated from Harvard College earlier that year, [14] was hired to work there as a clerk. [15]

In 1894, Noble was made a partner, and the name of the shop was changed to Hinds & Noble. [16]

20th century: Expansion

1900–1919

In 1901, Hinds & Noble moved to 31–35 W. 15th Street. [17] In 1917, Noble bought out Hinds and entered into a partnership with William Barnes, son of his old friend Charles Barnes; the name of the store was changed to Barnes & Noble soon after. [18] [19] Charles Barnes had previously founded an Illinois bookseller that would later evolve into the Follet Corporation after William Barnes left the company. [20]

1920–1939

In 1930, Noble sold his share of the company to William Barnes' son, John Wilcox Barnes. [21] Noble died on June 6, 1936, at the age of 72. [22] In 1932, at the height of the Great Depression, the bookstore moved its flagship location to 18th Street and Fifth Avenue, [23] which served as the company's flagship location until its closure in 2014. The Noble family retained ownership of an associated publishing business, and Barnes & Noble opened a new publishing division in 1931. [21]

1940–1959

In 1940, the store was one of the first businesses to feature Muzak. It underwent a major renovation the following year. [24] That decade, the company opened stores in Brooklyn and Chicago. [25] William Barnes died in 1945, at the age of 78, and his son John Wilcox Barnes assumed full control. [25] The company underwent a significant expansion between the 1950s and the 1960s, opening an additional retail store on 23rd Street in Manhattan, as well as shops near the City University of New York, Harvard, and other Northeast college campuses. [26]

1960–1979

Barnes & Noble corporate headquarters, 122 (122-124) Fifth Avenue between West 17th and 18th Streets in the Flatiron District neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City 122 Fifth Avenue.jpg
Barnes & Noble corporate headquarters, 122 (122–124) Fifth Avenue between West 17th and 18th Streets in the Flatiron District neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City
5th Avenue store sign Barnes & Noble sign.jpg
5th Avenue store sign

John Barnes died in 1964, and the company was sold to the conglomerate Amtel two years later. [27] The business was then purchased in 1971 by Leonard Riggio, who has been credited as one of the founders, [1] [2] for $1.2 million. [26] By then, it consisted only of "a significantly reduced wholesale operation and a single retail location—the flagship store at 105 Fifth Avenue." [26] The publishing operation was sold separately by Amtel to Harper & Row. [28] In 1974, Barnes & Noble became the first bookstore chain to advertise on television and a year later, the company became the first bookseller in the United States to discount books, by selling The New York Times best-selling titles at 40% off the publishers' list price. [29] Between the 1970s and the 1980s, Barnes & Noble opened smaller discount stores, which were eventually phased out in favor of larger stores. They also began to publish their own books to be sold to mail-order customers. These titles were primarily affordable reissues of out-of-print titles and selling them through mail-order catalogs allowed Barnes & Noble to reach new customers nationwide. [29]

In November 1974, editors of the British-produced Guinness Book of Records , claimed on the BBC One television program Record Breakers that the Fifth Avenue store of Barnes & Noble had overtaken that of London's Foyles bookshop to become the world's biggest bookstore. [30]

1980–1999

Barnes & Noble continued to expand throughout the 1980s, and it purchased the primarily shopping mall-based B. Dalton chain from Dayton Hudson in 1986, for an estimated $275 million to $300 million. [31] Solveig Robinson, author of The Book in Society: An Introduction to Print Culture, wrote that the purchase "gave [Barnes & Noble] the necessary know-how and infrastructure to create what, in 1992, became the definitive bookselling superstore." [32] The acquisition of the 797 B. Dalton bookstores turned the company into a nationwide retailer, and by the end of fiscal year 1999, the second-largest online bookseller in the United States. [33] B&N's critics claim that it has contributed to the decline of local and independent booksellers. [34] The last B. Dalton stores ceased operations in January 2010. [33]

In 1989, Barnes & Noble purchased the 22-store chain Bookstop. [35]

In September 1993, Barnes & Noble became a publicly traded company by issuing $77 million worth of stock on the New York Stock Exchange under the BKS ticker symbol. [36] [37] The company remained on the stock exchange until August 2019 when Elliot Management purchased all of the company's stock and took the company private.

Before Barnes & Noble created its official website, it sold books directly to customers through mail-order catalogs. It first began selling books online through an early videotex service called "Trintex",[ when? ] a joint venture between Sears and IBM, but the company's website was not launched until May 1997. [38] BarnesandNoble.com went public in 1999. [39]

2000s

Barnes & Noble logo used from 1999 until 2019. A modified version of this logo with a straightened ampersand was used from 2019 until 2020. Barnes & Noble logo.svg
Barnes & Noble logo used from 1999 until 2019. A modified version of this logo with a straightened ampersand was used from 2019 until 2020.

In 2004, it was reported that the reading of books was on the decline in America, with the number of non-reading adults increasing by 17 million between 1992 and 2002. Despite this, Barnes & Noble claimed that its retail store business was expanding in the book market. [40] Beginning in 1999, Barnes & Noble owned GameStop, a video game and electronics retail outlet. The company distributed its shares in GameStop in late 2004, spinning it off into its own company in an attempt to simplify its corporate structure. [41]

CEO Leonard Riggio stepped down in 2002, naming his younger brother, and former acting chief executive of BarnesandNoble.com, Stephen Riggio, to succeed him. Some corporate governance experts noted that this appointment could potentially cause conflict of interest, but the company board noted that Riggio's experience at the company made him the right person for the job. [42] Stephen Riggio stepped down from the position in 2010. [43]

2010s

In 2010, website president William Lynch was named CEO. He is credited with helping launch the company's electronic book store and overseeing the introduction of its electronic book reader, the Nook. Many observers saw his appointment as underscoring the importance of digital books to Barnes & Noble's future. Steve Riggio stayed on as vice chairman. [44] When Lynch resigned in mid-2013, [45] he was replaced by Chief Financial Officer Michael Huseby early the next year. [46] Following the spinoff of Barnes & Noble Education, Huseby departed to head the new firm; his place was filled in mid-2015 by Ronald Boire, [47] [48] who departed one year later. [49] Demos Parneros was named Barnes & Noble's Chief Executive Officer in April 2017 after having joined the company as Chief Operating Officer in November 2016; however, he was fired in July 2018 for "company policy violations" without severance and was immediately removed from the company's board, at the advice of a law firm hired by Barnes & Noble. [50] On August 28, 2018, Parneros filed a lawsuit against Barnes & Noble, claiming wrongful termination. [51]

After the bankruptcy and closure of its chief competitor, Borders, in 2011, [52] Barnes & Noble became the last remaining national bookstore chain in the United States. [7] [8] This followed a series of mergers and bankruptcies in the American bookstore industry since the 1990s, which also saw the demise of Waldenbooks, Barnes & Noble's own subsidiary B. Dalton, and Crown Books, among others. Barnes & Noble's largest physical bookstore rival is now Books-A-Million, which does not operate in the Western US. Barnes & Noble also faces competition from general retailers, especially from Amazon.com, and from regional and independent booksellers. Amazon has even opened its own physical bookstores, once again creating a second national bookstore chain. [53]

Barnes & Noble began reducing its overall presence in the 2010s, closing its original flagship store in early 2014. [54] In mid-2014, the company announced it would separate its Nook Media division from its retail store division. [55]

in 2018, the company closed 400 of its retail locations, as its business seemed to be going through a decline. [56] In February 2018, Barnes & Noble permanently laid off 1,800 full time employees at an annual cost savings of $40 million per year. [57] According to TechCrunch , the company essentially fired their entire full time staff at all their stores, who would be making an average of $22,000 per year (~$11 per hour), and were replaced by part time workers earning close to minimum wage. [58] Also In the 2018 fiscal year that ended in July, the company's overall losses reached $17 million. [59]

Some media accounts noted the retail chain's apparent loss of focus, with one article noting:

While it’s easy to blame Barnes & Noble’s troubles on Amazon.com , the fact is the book industry has been on a roll. According to the American Booksellers Association, a trade group representing independent bookshops, year-to-date sales through August 6 actually rose 5% among its member sellers.

A visit to Barnes & Noble’s flagship New York store in Union Square may offer some clues. The CD and DVD sections, which still occupy a sizable chunk of store space, are often deserted and unmanned whenever I visit, most recently Wednesday night. The same goes for the Nook area, which, despite displays of some Nook devices, was mostly taken up by an array of other items like yoga mats and Brookstone weighted blankets.

Elsewhere in the store, alongside bestsellers, signed copies and books sorted by category are more examples of mismatched merchandise: journals, toys, candles and diffuser sets, tea and chocolate selections. In the kids' area, backpacks and other school merchandise were marked 50% off among the expanded toy aisles. The café traffic also showed little sign of helping drive sales elsewhere in the store. At the end of the visit, one couldn't help but wonder: What does Barnes & Noble stand for, and what does it want to be? [58]

In early July 2018, Barnes & Noble fired CEO Demos Parneros for an unspecified violation of company policy, which it was later revealed was based upon sexual harassment claims. [60] It accused Pareneros of breaching his duties of loyalty and good faith and acting as a "faithless servant" by sexually harassing the female employee, bullying subordinates, and attempting to "sabotage" a potential acquisition of the New York-based company, and asserted that the company should therefore be entitled to claw back his salary, bonus, and other benefits during the period of his "disloyal conduct". [61]

On October 3, 2018, the board of directors announced that they would entertain offers to buy the company. Among the potential buyers was Leonard Riggio, who owned at the time approximately 19% of Barnes & Noble stock. As a result of the news, the company's stock price jumped by nearly 30%. [62]

In August 2019, Elliott Investment Management acquired the company [63] for approximately $683 million with James Daunt, the managing director of London-based Waterstones Booksellers Ltd., becoming CEO. [64] James Daunt was to become CEO of both Waterstones and Barnes & Noble and was to relocate from London to New York. [65] On August 7, 2019, Barnes & Noble became a privately held, wholly owned subsidiary of Elliott. [65]

In March 2020, Barnes & Noble announced that it would temporarily stop selling magazines and, likewise temporarily, close 400 of its 620 stores due to the COVID-19 pandemic. [66] Approximately 12 Barnes & Noble stores had closed completely following Elliott Advisors' takeover of the company. Daunt announced intentions to overhaul the acquisition procedure, opting for centralized and reduced initial frontlist orders compared to previous years. [67] In 2021, the company acquired Paper Source. [68]

Retail resurgence in 2020s

In April 2022, The New York Times reported the company used the temporary closure of stores during the pandemic to refurbish them, and credited Daunt with turning around sales both in store and online. [69] During the COVID-19 pandemic, Barnes & Noble saw up to a 500% increase in graphic novel and manga sales. [70]

As of 2023 Barnes & Noble was the biggest national chain of bookstores in the United States. It has over 660 retail stores, with locations in all 50 states. It operates 700 college bookstores, and has more than 34,000 full-time employees. [56] Its retail store in Union Square in New York City is the second-biggest bookstore in the USA. [56]

In 2023 the CEO, James Daunt fostered a new approach to retail, allowing stores greater autonomy in choosing their layout, and also making them more similar to independent stores, in atmosphere and in layout. The Wall Street Journal cited Daunt's background running Daunt Books, an independent bookseller in the UK, as one major basis for his approach as CEO to new strategies for developing the retail business. [71] The article asserted "The idea behind the new Barnes & Noble is to make the national chain more like a collection of 596 local indies. The famous one in my neighborhood [Upper West Side of Manhattan] used to symbolize the company’s past. Now it offers a peek at its future. 'If we can do it here,' Daunt said, 'we can do it anywhere.' " [71]

The company's retail operations had a major expansion in 2023, and it moved ahead with plans to open thirty new stores. [56] [71]

The company opened 60 new locations in 2024. [72] Media accounts cited coverage on social media and by influencers as one reason for Barnes and Noble's popularity and success. [73] An article on Bloomberg.com stated: "Thanks to a pandemic-era swarm to BookTok—the name TikTok’s book-loving community coined for itself—US readers are more quickly discovering titles and recommending them to friends and followers. That has offered Barnes & Noble, which reported seven straight years of falling sales before it became the target of a billionaire hedge fund owner in 2019, a chance to resurrect itself." [73]

In an article entitled "Barnes & Noble is making a comeback," CNN noted that:

Before Daunt’s arrival, Barnes & Noble appeared to be on the same path as most struggling US retailers. Sales had plunged — leading to hundreds of store closings — as consumers continued buying from online retailers like Amazon. But Barnes & Noble would revamp its business model. It began prioritizing customer preferences over promotions and catered to a community of readers who engage on social media. [72]

Daunt sets himself apart from his predecessors by describing himself as a bookseller instead of a retailer — a seemingly minor yet important distinction for the company’s “books first” approach. That meant leaving the decision on what books to stock and display to each individual store and abandoning the “one-size-fits-all” model. “The problem with Barnes & Noble when I took it over was that the bookstores themselves weren’t very good,” Daunt told CNN. “I think a proper bookstore has to be curated, and that is the essence of one of the core skills of what it is to be a bookseller. You are trying to have the titles that you think will most interest your customers and display them.”

Daunt’s strategy was a gamble. Not only was he relying on the judgment of each store’s manager, he was also forgoing revenue large publishers pay for display spaces that promote new releases. But the adoption of the indie bookstore model has paid off. Foot traffic data for Barnes & Noble show that visits are up by 7% since 2019, according to location analytics company Placer.ai. [72]

In June 2024, the company announced the purchase (via its TC Acquisition subsidiary) of The Tattered Cover, the small but iconic Denver-based independent chain of bookstores, for $1.83M. [74] [75] The deal keeps the current branding, locations, most employees and plans to operate in the spirit of longtime owner and First Amendment advocate, the late Joyce Meskis. [76] The sale was approved by a bankruptcy court in July 2024. [77]

In September 2025, it was announced that Barnes & Noble would acquire San Francisco Bay Area chain Books Inc. for $3.25 million. Books Inc. had filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in January 2025. [78] Books Inc. asked permission from Bankruptcty Court for it to be acquired by Barnes and Noble, and to keep its name. [79] CEO Andy Perham stated, “this agreement will ensure that Book Inc.’s legacy will continue for the foreseeable future, With Barnes & Noble’s deep resources and world-class support, Books Inc. will be able to quickly modernize its operations so we can focus on what we do best: connecting people with books, ideas and each other.” [79]

In 2026, the retail chain kept growing, with plans to open sixty new stores. [80] A major new store opened in January 2026 in Washington, DC, with over 15,000 square feet and notable merchandise in addition to books, such as toys games, and collectibles. [80] [81]

Publishing

Barnes & Noble maintains a separate publishing business in addition to its retail stores and other entities. [69] Barnes & Noble's publishing company got its start by reissuing inexpensive versions of out-of-print books, and made a push to expand the unit in 2003. The company saw success the following year; in September 2004, its book, Hippie, reached The New York Times Best Seller list. [82]

Barnes & Noble often publishes and sells books at a lower cost than competitors, and sells lines of inexpensive books like Barnes & Noble Classics [82] and the leather-bound Barnes & Noble Collectible Classics collection which it has published since 1992. In addition, the company has a second paperback series called the Barnes & Noble Library of Essential Reading. [83] Barnes & Noble's edition of The Gentle Art of Verbal Self-Defense by Suzette Haden Elgin, has sold over 250,000 copies, [38] and its reissued edition of The Columbia History of the World by John Garrity, has sold over 1 million copies. [38] [84]

The company has expanded business by acquiring several firms over the years, including J.B. Fairfax International in 1999, [85] SparkNotes, an educational website and publishing company, in 2001 [86] and Sterling Publishing in 2003. [38]

In 2022, Barnes & Noble rebranded its publishing operations as "Union Square & Company". [87] In 2024, Barnes & Noble announced the sale of the publisher to Hachette Book Group. [88]

Food service in retail stores

The Barnes & Noble cafe in Springfield, New Jersey. This location was closed in 2023 and moved to Union Township. 6.25.11SpringfieldBarnes&NobleByLuigiNovi.jpg
The Barnes & Noble café in Springfield, New Jersey. This location was closed in 2023 and moved to Union Township.
View of Irvine Spectrum and Interstate 5 from the newly constructed parking structure Irvine Spectrum.jpg
View of Irvine Spectrum and Interstate 5 from the newly constructed parking structure

In 1993, Barnes & Noble signed an agreement to serve Starbucks coffee in each of its existing and future cafes. [90] [91] In 2004, Barnes & Noble began offering Wi-Fi in the café area of selected stores, using SBC FreedomLink (now the AT&T Wi-Fi network). All stores offered Wi-Fi as of 2006 and as of July 27, 2009, Wi-Fi is offered for free to all customers. [92]

The Barnes & Noble at The Grove at Farmers Market, Los Angeles Barnes & Noble Interior.JPG
The Barnes & Noble at The Grove at Farmers Market, Los Angeles
Barnes & Noble in Lynnwood, Washington, using the former 1990s logo Bnlynnwood.jpg
Barnes & Noble in Lynnwood, Washington, using the former 1990s logo

In 2016, Barnes & Noble announced plans to open four concept stores in 2017 that featured cafés twice the size of its usual food spots, as well as bars offering wine and beer. Restaurants would also include a waitstaff and a full menu for breakfast, lunch, and dinner. The restaurants were expected to revive sales growth. Company executives planned to open additional concept stores if sales met expectations. [93] The first stores were opened in Scarsdale, New York; Edina, Minnesota; Plano, Texas; and Folsom, California. [94]

Community involvement

Barnes & Noble hires community business development managers to engage in community outreach. [95] [96] The Barnes & Noble located in Fairbanks, Alaska gave over $80,000 to the community between 2015 and 2018 through book fair fundraising programs. [95] To promote nationwide literacy among 1st through 6th graders and encourage more reading and learning during the summer, Barnes & Noble has implemented a summer challenge. [97] [98] [99]

The Barnes & Noble Review

Barnes & Noble Mural at Kendall, Florida Barnes & Noble Mural.jpg
Barnes & Noble Mural at Kendall, Florida

The Barnes & Noble Review is an online magazine, hosted on Barnes & Noble's website, that publishes evaluations of both fiction and nonfiction works, along with essays, interviews, and pieces on other topics. It was launched in October 2007 by Barnes & Noble CEO Steve Riggio and James Mustich Jr., publisher of the book catalog A Common Reader. Regular contributors to the magazine have included book critics Michael Dirda, Brooke Allen, Laura Miller, and Adam Kirsch, as well as prominent writers in fields outside of literary criticism, such as political journalists Chris Hayes and Ezra Klein, philosopher A. C. Grayling, music critic Robert Christgau, and cartoonist Ward Sutton. Miller, who has written for Salon and Mustich's Common Reader, said, "The reviews [at BNR] are the same as anywhere else", adding that the tone and length of the pieces evoke The New York Times Book Review rather than the less formal Salon. The magazine's web traffic flourished during its first few years. According to Compete.com, it amassed 50,000 unique visitors in December 2009. [100]

Some critics were originally skeptical of The Barnes & Noble Review. Art Winslow, former literary editor of The Nation , said that because Barnes & Noble is a brand name, BNR's contributors are effectively endorsing the corporation, and that the motives behind the publication undermine its integrity: "Criticism's content should be free of any commercialism. Barnes & Noble has found another way to sell books, and that's the Review. ... I wouldn't write there." Mustich disputed the idea that the magazine serves as a corporate tactic: "We counter that skepticism with quality. If people read the site, they can determine that we are doing what we purport to do. They have never tried to influence my judgment. The first attempt would have been the last." [100]

Barnes & Noble Nook

Barnes & Noble Nook (styled NOOK) is a suite of e-book readers developed by the company, [101] based on the Android platform. The first device was announced in the United States on October 20, 2009, and was released November 30, 2009, for $259. [102] On June 21, 2010, Barnes & Noble reduced the Nook's price to $199, as well as launched a new Wi-Fi-only model, for $149, and released a Nook colored touch screen for $249. [103]

The Nook competes with the Amazon Kindle, Kobo eReader, and other e-reader offerings and color tablets with reading apps, such as Apple's iBooks for iOS devices. Various Nook models feature a 6-inch, 7-inch, or larger touchscreen. [104] Version 1.3 of the Nook introduced Wi-Fi connectivity, a web browser, a dictionary, chess, and sudoku games, and a separate, smaller color touchscreen that serves as the primary input device. The Nook also features a Read in Store capability that allows visitors to stream and read any book for up to one hour while shopping in a Barnes & Noble bookstore. According to a June 2010 CNet article, the company planned to expand this feature to include periodicals in the near future. [105] The color version of the Nook introduced a 7-inch color touchscreen and the ability to view at a portrait or landscape orientation. [106]

On April 30, 2012, Microsoft invested $300 million for a 17.6% stake in Nook, which valued the business at about $1.7 billion. [107]

In November 2012, the technology publications Mashable and Techdirt criticized the license agreement with which Barnes & Noble sells ebooks to consumers, pointing out that the rights to re-download a purchased ebook expire when the customer's credit card expires, and a valid credit card must be added to the account to restore this functionality. [108] [109]

In June 2014, Barnes & Noble had previously announced that it would spin off its Nook Digital division into a separate publicly traded company, [55] [110] but as of 2016, Nook remains a part of Barnes & Noble. That same month, the company announced a partnership with Samsung Electronics to make Nook tablets, as the bookseller moved forward with plans to revamp its digital business. [111] Samsung and Barnes & Noble introduced the Samsung Galaxy Tab 4 Nook 7.0 in August 2014, followed by the Samsung Galaxy Tab 4 Nook 10.1 in October 2014. In December 2014, Barnes & Noble announced that it had ended its Nook partnership with Microsoft by buying back its stake. [112] Samsung and Barnes & Noble continue to introduce new Nook tablets. [113]

In March 2016, Barnes & Noble announced it would close the Nook App Store and Nook Video and in the UK close the Nook Store on March 15. [114] The company continues to sell e-books as well as digital magazines and newspapers in the US.

In 2021, the company announced the release of a new 10-inch Android-based tablet, which is named the Nook 10" HD, in a partnership with Lenovo, which is manufacturing the device. [115]

College bookstores spin-off

Barnes & Noble formerly had a subsidiary, Barnes & Noble College Booksellers, that specialized in operating campus bookstores at colleges and university. In 2015, the college operations were spun off into a new separate company, Barnes & Noble Education, now doing business as BNED.

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Alter, Alexandra; Hsu, Tiffany (June 7, 2019). "Barnes & Noble Is Sold to Hedge Fund After a Tumultuous Year". The New York Times . Retrieved September 8, 2019.
  2. 1 2 "Barnes & Noble Founder Retires, Leaving His Imprint On Bookstore's History". Weekend Edition Saturday . NPR. May 7, 2016. Retrieved September 8, 2019.
  3. ↑ "With stores closed, Barnes & Noble does some redecorating". The Baltimore Sun . July 10, 2020.
  4. ↑ "Barnes & Noble". wallmine. July 29, 2019. Retrieved July 29, 2019.
  5. ↑ "Quick Facts About Barnes & Noble". Barnes & Noble. Retrieved March 11, 2024.
  6. ↑ "National Sponsorships and Donations". Archived from the original on January 21, 2016. Retrieved January 29, 2010.
  7. 1 2 DePillis, Lydia (July 10, 2013). "Barnes & Noble's troubles don't show why bookstores are doomed. They show how they'll survive". The Washington Post. Retrieved October 30, 2013. it's now the only national bookstore chain in the country
  8. 1 2 Townsend, Matt (July 10, 2013). "Bookstores Not Dead Yet as Riggio Bets on Barnes & Noble". Bloomberg Businessweek. Archived from the original on September 16, 2013. Retrieved October 30, 2013. the last national bookstore chain
  9. ↑ History page, official website, accessed January 26. 2026.
  10. ↑ Hyken, Shep (April 8, 2018). "Barnes & Noble, Amazon, Independents: Who's Disrupting Whom?". Forbes . Retrieved September 8, 2019.
  11. ↑ Xenophon. The First Four Books of Xenophon's Anabasis. Translated by Watson, John Selby. New York City: Arthur Hinds & Company . Retrieved June 28, 2021– via gutenberg.org. 4 Cooper Institute, New York City
  12. ↑ "Barnes & Noble to Move", The Bookseller and Stationer, January 1. 1922 p. 13
  13. ↑ The Noble Legacy: The Story of Gilbert Clifford Noble, Cofounder of the Barnes & Noble and Noble & Noble Book Companies by Betty N. Turner. iUniverse: 2006 ISBN   0595374786, 9780595374786, page 71
  14. ↑ "Harvard Mirador Viewer".
  15. ↑ The Noble Legacy: The Story of Gilbert Clifford Noble, Cofounder of the Barnes & Noble and Noble & Noble Book Companies by Betty N. Turner. iUniverse: 2006 ISBN   0595374786, 9780595374786, page 65
  16. ↑ The Noble Legacy: The Story of Gilbert Clifford Noble, Cofounder of the Barnes & Noble and Noble & Noble Book Companies by Betty N. Turner. iUniverse: 2006 ISBN   0595374786, 9780595374786, page 101
  17. ↑ "Barnes & Noble to Move", The Bookseller and Stationer, January 1, 1922, p. 13
  18. ↑ The Noble Legacy: The Story of Gilbert Clifford Noble, Cofounder of the Barnes & Noble and Noble & Noble Book Companies by Betty N. Turner. iUniverse: 2006 ISBN   0595374786, 9780595374786 page 151
  19. ↑ Blair, Cynthia. "1917: First Barnes & Noble Bookstore Opens in Manhattan". Newsday . Archived from the original on October 1, 2007. Retrieved 2007-08-01.
  20. ↑ "Our Story". Follett.com. Archived from the original on October 18, 2014. Retrieved July 17, 2017.
  21. 1 2 The Late Age of Print: Everyday Book Culture from Consumerism to Control by Theodore G. Striphas. Columbia University Press: 2009. 978-0-231-14814-6 p. 62
  22. ↑ The Noble Legacy: The Story of Gilbert Clifford Noble, Cofounder of the Barnes & Noble and Noble & Noble Book Companies by Betty N. Turner. iUniverse: 2006 ISBN   9780595374786 page 153
  23. ↑ Eisenstadt, Peter, ed. (2004). The Encyclopedia of New York State. Syracuse University Press. p. 1266. ISBN   9780815608080.
  24. ↑ The Late Age of Print: Everyday Book Culture from Consumerism to Control by Theodore G. Striphas. Columbia University Press: 2009. 978-0-231-14814-6 p. 64
  25. 1 2 Barnes & Noble: Groundbreaking Entrepreneurs by Kayla Morgan. Abdo Publishing: 2000 ISBN   9781604537581 p. 78
  26. 1 2 3 The Late Age of Print: Everyday Book Culture from Consumerism to Control by Theodore G. Striphas. Columbia University Press: 2009. 978-0-231-14814-6 p. 65
  27. ↑ Reluctant Capitalists: Bookselling and the Culture of Consumption by Laura J. Miller. University Of Chicago Press: 2007 p. 47
  28. ↑ Wilkinson, Carol (1986). "Barnes & Noble Books". In Peter Dzwonkoski (ed.). American literary publishing houses, 1900-1980. edited by Peter Dzwonkoski. Dictionary of literary biography. Vol. 46. Detroit, Mich.: Gale Research Company. pp.  40. ISBN   0-8103-1724-9.
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