On desktop systems, the whole range of features is available.
Smartphones and tablets
As of 2014[update], Calligra's efforts to create touchscreen-friendly versions are centered on reusable Qt Quick components.[12] For smartphone-like formfactors 3rd party documents viewers Coffice for Android[13] and Sailfish Office for Sailfish OS[14] are available that make use of these components.[12]
Icon of Calligra Gemini
The Calligra project shipped Krita Sketch/Gemini[15] and the tablet-focused Plasma Active document viewer with Calligra 2.8.[16] Calligra 2.9 ships Calligra Gemini, an enhanced version of Calligra Active with added document editing features and runtime switching between desktop and touchscreen interfaces.[12]
Calligra was created after disagreements within the KOffice community in 2010 – between KWord maintainer Thomas Zander and the other core developers.[25][26][27] (See KOffice §History.) Following arbitration with the community members, several applications were renamed by both parties.[28] Most developers, and all but KWord maintainer Thomas Zander,[25] of particular applications joined the Calligra project. Three applications, Kexi, Krita and KPlato and the user interfaces for mobile devices have been completely moved out of KOffice and are only available within Calligra. A new application called Braindump has been added to Calligra after the split and KWord was replaced by the new word processor Calligra Words.[29]
KOffice 2.3, released 31 December 2010, along with subsequent bugfix releases (2.3.1–2.3.3) was still a collaborative effort of both the KOffice and Calligra development teams.[25] According to its developers, this version is stable enough for real use, and Karbon14, Krita and KSpread are recommended for production work.[30]
On 18 May 2011, the Calligra team began releasing monthly snapshots while preparing for the release of Calligra 2.4.
The first version of the Calligra Suite for Windows was released on 21 December 2011. The package is labeled as “highly experimental” and “not yet suitable for daily use”.[31]
The Calligra team was originally scheduled to release the final 2.4 version in January 2012[32] but problems in the undo/redo feature of Words and Stage required a partial rewrite and caused a delay.[33] Calligra 2.4 was released on 11 April 2012.[2]
Calligra 2.4 launched with two mobile-oriented user interfaces: Calligra Mobile[34] and Calligra Active. Calligra Mobile's development was initiated in summer 2009 and was first shown during Akademy / Desktop Summit 2009 by KO GmbH as a simple port of KOffice to Maemo. Later Nokia hired KO to assist them with a full-fledged mobile version, including a touchscreen-friendly user interface which was presented by Nokia during Maemo Conference in October 2009.[35] The first alpha version was made available in January 2010.[36] Along with the launch of the Nokia N9 smartphone, Nokia released its own Poppler and Calligra-based office document viewer under GPL.[37][38]
Calligra Active was launched in 2011 after the Plasma Active initiative to provide a document viewer similar to Calligra Mobile but for tablet computers.[39]
In December 2012, KDE, KO GmbH, and Intel released Krita Sketch, a variant of Calligra's Krita painting application, for Windows 7 and 8.[15][40]
On 24 March 2013, KDE developer Sebastian Sauer released Coffice, a Calligra-based document viewer, for Android.[13]
Jolla continued Nokia's efforts on a smartphone version. In 2013 Jolla launched Sailfish Office.[14] Sailfish Office reuses the Qt Quick components from Calligra Active.[12]
Calligra Gemini displaying a presentation
In September 2013 a merger of Krita and Krita Sketch, named Krita Gemini, was launched on Windows 8.1. Development was funded by Intel to promote 2in1convertible notebooks.[41][42][43] On 5 March 2014 Krita Sketch and Gemini were also released as part of Calligra 2.8 for non-Windows platforms.[16]
In April 2014, Intel and KO GmbH extended the promotion deal to Gemini versions of Stage and Words.[44] On 28 August 2014, the first snapshot of Calligra Gemini was released by KO GmbH for Windows.[45][46] On 21 November 2014, KDE announced that Calligra Gemini would officially be released as part of Calligra 2.9.[12] As with Krita, this Gemini release adds a touchscreen interface to Words and Stage and users can switch between desktop and touch mode at runtime. Calligra Gemini is a continuation of Calligra Active and Sailfish Office developments but with added editing capabilities.[12] On 19 October 2014, a Linux version was presented.[44]
The koffice.org website was replaced by a placeholder in early September 2012.[47]As of 2014[update] KOffice was declared unmaintained by KDE.[48][49] The koffice.org domain now redirects to Calligra.org.
In Autumn 2015, Krita was split off into a project independent from Calligra, with the then current 2.9 versions though still developed as part of Calligra 2.9.[50]
KEXI is a visual database applications creator. It can be used for designing database applications, inserting and editing data, performing queries, and processing data. Forms can be created to provide a custom interface to your data. All database objects – tables, queries, forms, reports – are stored in the database, making it easy to share data and design.
A digital notetaking tools, similar to Microsoft OneNote. It was removed in Calligra 3.0[51]
Flow
A programmable flowchart drawing program with dynamically loadable stencils, successor of koffice Kivio (though it could not load/import kivio files). It was removed in Calligra 3.0,[51] then was retired and replaced by Karbon in 3.2.0.[55]
A digital painting program with some image editing features. Formerly known as Krayon and KImageshop. It was removed from Calligra 3.0 after becoming an independent product.[51]
Initial reception shortly after the 2.4 release was positive. Linux Pro Magazine Online's Bruce Byfield wrote "Calligra needed an impressive first release. Perhaps surprisingly, and to the development team's credit, it has managed one in 2.4", but also noted that "Words in particular is still lacking features". He concluded that Calligra is "worth keeping an eye on".[60]
The German sister publication LinuxUser 10/2012 reviewed Calligra 2.5 on 12 September 2012. Its reception was mostly positive. Negative criticism centered on Words' stability: "During our review no Calligra module was completely free of crashes, however Words' crashes reached an amount that we cannot recommend it for general use." The reviewer Thomas Drilling on the other hand praised Calligra's usability, writing: "The consistent work flow, often stunningly intuitive workflows, and clear menu structure are well received." He then concluded: "The individual modules' quality varies: While Words shows weakness, image editor Krita, spreadsheet application Sheets, and presentation program Stage completely won us over. Flowcharting application Flow allures with its wide range of stencils which makes drawing flow charts come easy."[61]
LinuxUser reviewed Calligra 2.6 in issue 3/2013. Reviewer Vincze-Aron Szabo reiterated positive criticism about Calligra's user interface and noted increased stability of Words compared to Calligra 2.5. Szabo's major point for negative criticism was Author's and Word's handling of long documents, resulting in decreased performance and crashes. The other reviewed components – Plan, Stage, Sheets, and Krita – were praised in terms of stability and intuitiveness.[62]
Calligra 2.7 was reviewed by LinuxUser in its October 2013 issue. Thomas Drilling, the reviewer, drew a positive conclusion overall. Among the positive aspects he pointed out were better .docx file import than LibreOffice and the amount of new features gained by the new version of the suite. Source for negative criticism was once again Words' stability, although Drilling noted improvements in this regard.[63]
Network World editor Bryan Lunduke wrote about Calligra 2.8 in March 2014: “Karbon is an astoundingly nice vector design tool, and Flow, a diagramming tool, is incredibly handy from the design point of view as well. […] And Words is a great word processor.”[64] In August 2014 he wrote: “Calligra Suite has become a staple of my workflow even on non-KDE desktops.” Linux Insider also reviewed Calligra 2.8, concluding “Calligra Suite is a solid offering that has grown considerably since branching out from its traditional KOffice roots. It has something for everyone. Its tools fills the needs of writers, artists, content designers and office workers.”[65]
In 2017, sempreupdate.com.br wrote: “[If you do not] depend on proprietary formats [...] especially .xls, .xlsx and .doc [...] and you use KDE it's worth trying. Yes, regarding LibreOffice Calligra is still two steps behind [but] it also brings small differentials that would be welcomed in LibreOffice.“[66]
Technical details
Calligra is written with dependencies on KDE Frameworks 6 and Qt 6. Older versions depend on KDE Frameworks 5/Qt5, KDE Platform 4 and Qt 4, and even older versions of KOffice depend on KDElibs and Qt 3. Despite that Calligra Suite is released independently of the KDE Software Compilation or of the KDE Applications.
All components of the Calligra Suite are released under free software licenses and use OpenDocument as their native file format when applicable.
The developers of Calligra plan to share as much infrastructure as possible between applications to reduce bugs and improve the user experience.[67] This is done by common technologies like Flake and Pigment. Flake provides a way to handle shapes, which can contain text, images, formulas (via KFormula), charts (via KChart) or other objects, in a consistent way across all applications. The Calligra team also wants to create an OpenDocument library for use in other KDE applications that will allow developers to easily add support for reading and outputting OpenDocument files to their applications.[68] Automating tasks and extending the suite with custom functionality can be done with D-Bus. Previously it was possible to also use scripting languages like Python, Ruby, and JavaScript through the Kross scripting framework.
KDE is an international free software community that develops free and open-source software. As a central development hub, it provides tools and resources that enable collaborative work on its projects. Its products include the Plasma Desktop, KDE Frameworks, and a range of applications such as Kate, digiKam, and Krita. Some KDE applications are cross-platform and can run on Unix and Unix-like operating systems, Microsoft Windows, and Android.
Calligra Words is a word processor, which is part of Calligra Suite and developed by KDE as free software.
Qt is a cross-platform application development framework for creating graphical user interfaces as well as cross-platform applications that run on various software and hardware platforms such as Linux, Windows, macOS, Android or embedded systems with little or no change in the underlying codebase while still being a native application with native capabilities and speed.
Calligra Sheets is a free software spreadsheet application that is part of Calligra Suite, an integrated graphic art and office suite developed by KDE.
Calligra Stage is a free presentation program that is part of the Calligra Suite, an integrated office suite developed by KDE.
PCLinuxOS, often shortened to PCLOS, is a rolling release Linux distribution for x86-64 computers, with KDE Plasma, MATE, and XFCE as its default user interfaces. It is a primarily FOSS operating system for personal computers aimed at ease of use.
Kexi is a visual database applications creator tool by KDE, designed to fill the gap between spreadsheets and database solutions requiring more sophisticated development. Kexi can be used for designing and implementing databases, data inserting and processing, and performing queries. It is developed within the Calligra project but is released separately.
Krita is a free and open-source raster graphics editor designed primarily for digital art and 2D animation. Originally created for Linux, the software also runs on Windows, macOS, Haiku, Android, and ChromeOS, and features an OpenGL-accelerated canvas, colour management support, an advanced brush engine, non-destructive layers and masks, group-based layer management, vector artwork support, and switchable customisation profiles.
KDE Plasma 4 is the fourth generation of the KDE workspace environments. It consists of three workspaces, each targeting a certain platform: Plasma Desktop for traditional desktop PCs and notebooks, Plasma Netbook for netbooks, and Plasma Active for tablet PCs and similar devices.
Kross is a scripting framework for KDE Frameworks. Kross was originally designed for use in KOffice but eventually became the official scripting framework in KDE Software Compilation 4 before being dropped in Frameworks 6. The Kross scripting framework is not a scripting language itself; it is an interface for developers to support scripting by specifying functions, which the user will then script using a language that Kross supports. It currently supports Python, Ruby, JavaScript, and the Falcon Programming Language. Support for other languages can be added with modules.
Flake or a Vector Shape is a programming library that is used in Calligra Suite and the KOffice 2 series. Flake provides the basic concept of a "shape". To the end user a shape appears as some piece of content such as an image or a text. A shape can be in any form and contain any kind of media since the Shape is responsible for drawing itself. All components of KOffice are being overhauled to use Flake as much as possible.
Calligra Plan is a project management application that can create Gantt-style charts and is part of Calligra Suite – formerly included with KOffice.
KOffice was a free and open source office and graphics suite developed by KDE for Unix-like and Windows systems. KOffice contains a word processor (KWord), a spreadsheet (KSpread), a presentation program (KPresenter), and a number of other components that varied over the course of its development.
KWord is a deprecated word processor and a desktop publishing application, part of the KOffice suite. It has been obsoleted by Calligra Words of the Calligra Suite.
Mer was a free and open-source software distribution, targeted at hardware vendors to serve as a middleware for Linux kernel-based mobile-oriented operating systems. It is a fork of MeeGo.
KDE Frameworks is a collection of libraries and software frameworks readily available to any Qt-based software stacks or applications on multiple operating systems. Featuring frequently needed functionality solutions like hardware integration, file format support, additional graphical control elements, plotting functions, and spell checking, the collection serves as the technological foundation for KDE Plasma and KDE Gear. It is distributed under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL).
The KDE Gear is a set of applications and supporting libraries that are developed by the KDE community, primarily used on Linux-based operating systems but mostly multiplatform, and released on a common release schedule.
KDE Projects are projects maintained by the KDE community, a group of people developing and advocating free software for everyday use, for example KDE Plasma and KDE Frameworks or applications such as Amarok, Krita or Digikam. There are also non-coding projects like designing the Breeze desktop theme and iconset, which is coordinated by KDE's Visual Design Group. Even non-Qt applications like GCompris, which started as a GTK-based application, or web-based projects like WikiToLearn are officially part of KDE.
Plasma is a set of graphical shells developed by KDE for Unix-like operating systems. With the KDE brand repositioning in 2009, Plasma 4.4 succeeded KDE 4.3. Currently, it has four workspace variants: one for desktop PCs and laptops, one for TVs, one for smartphones, and another for embedded and touch-enabled devices. Plasma Desktop, in its default configuration, resembles KDesktop from K Desktop Environment 3 and Microsoft Windows XP; however, extensive configurability allows radical departures from the default layout.
1 2 Brockmeier, Joe (14 December 2010). "Behind the KOffice split". Linux Weekly News. Archived from the original on 6 July 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
↑ "v4.0.1". 2 September 2024. Retrieved 3 September 2024.
↑ H., Jan (2012-02-26). "Karbon or Karbon14?". calligra-devel (Mailing list). Archived from the original on 2017-02-23. Retrieved 2012-02-29. So lets make it official and written down what was done in practice anyway: drop the 14 from the name.
↑ Thomas Drilling (12 September 2012). "Kleinere Baustelle. Calligra: KDE-Office aus einem Guss"[Smaller Construction Site. Calligra: KDE Office Cast from the Same Mold.] (in German). Linux New Media AG. Archived from the original on 18 January 2018. Retrieved 14 September 2012. Keine Calligra-Komponente verschonte uns im Test gänzlich von Abstürzen, jedoch nahm deren Häufigkeit bei Words ein Ausmaß an, das uns veranlasst, Ihnen das Programm nicht für den Alltag zu empfehlen. Das über fast alle Komponenten hinweg einheitliche Bedienerkonzept und die oft verblüffend intuitiven Workarounds sowie die übersichtliche Menüstruktur gefallen dagegen gut. Die Qualität der einzelnen Module bewegt sich allerdings auf sehr unterschiedlichen Niveau: Während Words deutlich schwächelt, überzeugen der Bildbearbeiter Krita, die Tabellenkalkulation Sheets und das Präsentationsprogramm Stage auf ganzer Linie. Der Flowcharter Flow lockt mit seiner großen Auswahl an Schablonen, die das Zeichnen von Flussdiagrammen schnell von der Hand gehen lässt.
↑ Vincze-Aron Szabo (28 February 2013). "Vereinzelte Blüten"[A Few Blossoms] (in German). Linux New Media AG. Archived from the original on 5 October 2017. Retrieved 17 November 2013.
↑ Thomas Drilling (23 September 2013). "Auf dem Gaspedal"[Full Throttle] (in German). Linux New Media AG. Archived from the original on 7 October 2017. Retrieved 17 November 2013.
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