![<span class="mw-page-title-main">Endonym and exonym</span> Name variations of ethnic groups, languages, persons, and places](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Germany_Name_European_Languages.png/320px-Germany_Name_European_Languages.png)
An endonym is a common, native name for a group of people, individual person, geographical place, language or dialect, meaning that it is used inside a particular group or linguistic community to identify or designate themselves, their homeland, or their language.
An ethnonym is a name applied to a given ethnic group. Ethnonyms can be divided into two categories: exonyms and autonyms, or endonyms.
![<span class="mw-page-title-main">Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture</span> Autonomous prefecture in Yunnan, Peoples Republic of China](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Yunnan_subdivisions_-_Honghe.svg/320px-Yunnan_subdivisions_-_Honghe.svg.png)
Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture is an autonomous prefecture in Southeast-Central Yunnan Province, China, bordering Vietnam's Lào Cai and Lai Châu provinces to the south. Its name is derived from the Hong (Red) River and the two major ethnic minority groups who live there: the Yi and the Hani. Honghe has an area of 32,929 square kilometres (12,714 sq mi) and its seat is Mengzi. The total population is 4.8 million, of which 61.3% belong to ethnic minorities.
Below is list of Dutch language exonyms for places in non-Dutch-speaking areas.
Below is a list of German language exonyms for formerly German places and other places in non-German-speaking areas of the world. Archaic names are in italics.
An English exonym is a name in the English language for a place, or occasionally other terms, which does not follow the local usage. Exonyms and endonyms are features of all languages, and other languages may have their own exonym for English endonyms, for example Llundain is the Welsh exonym for the English endonym "London".
The following is a list of Spanish exonyms, Spanish names for places that do not speak Spanish.
The following is a list of Icelandic exonyms, that is to say names for places in Icelandic that have been adapted to Icelandic spelling rules, translated into Icelandic, or Old Norse exonyms surviving in Icelandic. Commonly pronunciation is close to in English, even though not stated below, but also commonly completely different, more common if names look very different or for European/Nordic places.
As a general rule, modern Norwegian does not use exonyms for names with endonyms in Latin script. Historically, several Danish/German exonyms have been in use, due to the Danish roots of the Bokmål variety of Norwegian, but these exonyms should be considered archaic, and are no longer used officially.
Below is a list of modern-day Greek language exonyms for mostly European places outside of Greece and Cyprus. Place names that are not mentioned are generally referred to in Greek by their respective names in their native languages, or with the closest pronunciation in Greek.
![<span class="mw-page-title-main">Names of Poland</span> Ethnonyms for the Poles (people) and Poland (their country)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/English_map_of_Poland_XVIII_century.png/320px-English_map_of_Poland_XVIII_century.png)
The ethnonyms for the Poles (people) and Poland include endonyms and exonyms. Endonyms and most exonyms for Poles and Poland derive from the name of the West Slavic tribe of Polans (Polanie), while in some languages the exonyms for Poland to derive from the name of another tribe – the Lendians (Lędzianie).
![<i>Șchei</i> Romanian and Albanian exonym for Bulgarians](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Biserica_Sfantu_Nicolae.JPG/320px-Biserica_Sfantu_Nicolae.JPG)
Șchei was an old Romanian exonym referring to the Bulgarians, especially in Transylvania and northern Wallachia. As a name, it has been preserved in the names of towns colonized in the 14th century by Bulgarians, in toponyms, hydronyms, surnames. The word is thought to derive from Latin sclavis, a popular designation for the South Slavs that is still used in Albanian.
Many places have exonyms, names for places that differs from that used in the official or well-established language within that place, in the Albanian language.
Below is a list of Armenian language exonyms for places. This list only includes names that are significantly different from the local toponym, some exonyms are marked as historical, modern exonyms may match the toponyms.
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