Calcutta, Ohio

Calcutta, Ohio
Census-designated place
St. Clair Township Government Building
Location of Calcutta in Columbiana County and in the State of Ohio
Coordinates: 40°40′56″N80°34′13″W / 40.68222°N 80.57028°W / 40.68222; -80.57028
Country	United States
State	Ohio
County	Columbiana
Township	St. Clair
Established	1810
Named for	Calcutta, India
Area [1]
• Total	12.18 sq mi (31.56 km2)
• Land	12.17 sq mi (31.52 km2)
• Water	0.01 sq mi (0.03 km2)
Elevation [2]	1,115 ft (340 m)
Population  (2020)
• Total	3,941
• Density	323.80/sq mi (125.02/km2)
Time zone	UTC-5 (Eastern (EST))
• Summer (DST)	UTC-4 (EDT)
ZIP code	43920
Area code(s)	330, 234
FIPS code	39-10926 [3]
GNIS feature ID	1056753 [2]
School District	Beaver Local SD

Calcutta is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in southeastern Columbiana County, Ohio, United States. The population was 3,941 at the 2020 census. ^[4] Historically a rural town, Calcutta grew as businesses from neighboring East Liverpool moved into larger shopping centers clustered around Ohio State Route 170.

It is part of the Salem micropolitan area, 30 miles (48 km) south of Youngstown and 35 miles (56 km) northwest of Pittsburgh.

History

Grimms Bridge (1884) crosses the Little Beaver Creek east of Ohio State Route 170

The first permanent settlement in the area was in 1792 or 1793, by hunter John Quinn. ^[5] Calcutta was laid out in 1810 as West Union. ^[6] It had also been called Foulkstown after William Foulks, who built the first brick house there, ^[7] as well as Nineveh, after the Biblical city of the same name. Finally, it was renamed after the Indian city of Kolkata, formerly Anglicized as Calcutta. ^[6] A post office called Calcutta was established in 1838, and remained in operation until 1913. ^[8]

Geography

Calcutta is located near the center of St. Clair Township at 40°40′56″N80°34′13″W / 40.68222°N 80.57028°W / 40.68222; -80.57028 (40.682271, -80.570204) ^[9] in southeastern Columbiana County. The Calcutta CDP extends southwest as far as the U.S. Route 30 expressway, and east and north as far Little Beaver Creek, touching the Pennsylvania state line where the creek crosses the border briefly. The CDP is bordered by Longs Run, a tributary of Little Beaver Creek, on the northwest. To the southwest of Calcutta, across US 30, is the CDP of Glenmoor. The city of East Liverpool is 4 miles (6 km) to the south via St. Clair Avenue.

The following highways pass through Calcutta:

• U.S. Route 30
• State Route 11
• State Route 170

According to the United States Census Bureau, the Calcutta CDP has a total area of 11.88 square miles (30.76 km²), of which 11.86 square miles (30.73 km²) is land and 0.012 square miles (0.03 km²), or 0.11%, is water. ^[10]

Demographics

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1980	1,121		—
1990	1,212		8.1%
2000	3,491		188.0%
2010	3,742		7.2%
2020	3,941		5.3%
U.S. Decennial Census [11] [10]

As of the census ^[3] of 2000, there were 3,491 people, 1,417 households, and 1,025 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 297.1 inhabitants per square mile (114.7/km²). There were 1,473 housing units at an average density of 125.4 per square mile (48.4/km²). The racial makeup of the CDP was 98.51% White, 0.17% African American, 0.06% Native American, 0.72% Asian, 0.09% from other races, and 0.46% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.66% of the population.

There were 1,417 households, out of which 27.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.2% were married couples living together, 7.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.6% were non-families. 25.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.84.

In the CDP the population was spread out, with 20.6% under the age of 18, 5.7% from 18 to 24, 23.7% from 25 to 44, 27.4% from 45 to 64, and 22.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45 years. For every 100 females there were 86.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.6 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $36,194, and the median income for a family was $45,750. Males had a median income of $41,077 versus $21,352 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $19,536. About 3.0% of families and 8.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.1% of those under age 18 and 9.7% of those age 65 or over.

Government

Since Calcutta is unincorporated, it does not have a government of its own. Governance is deflected to St. Clair Township, which also governs the community of Glenmoor, Ohio and the surrounding rural area. The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1. Two are elected in the year after the presidential election and one is elected in the year before it. There is also an elected township fiscal officer, ^[12] who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election. Vacancies in the fiscal officership or on the board of trustees are filled by the remaining trustees.

Education

Children in Calcutta are served by the Beaver Local School District. The current schools serving Calcutta are:

• Beaver Local Elementary School – grades K-4
• Beaver Local Middle School – grades 5-8
• Beaver Local High School – grades 9-12

References

1. "ArcGIS REST Services Directory". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 20, 2022.
2. "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. October 25, 2007. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
3. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau . Retrieved January 31, 2008.
4. "Calcutta CDP, Ohio". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved March 24, 2022.
5. "Historical Sketch of Columbiana County". Columbiana County Courts website. Retrieved April 16, 2022.
6. Mack, Horace (1879). History of Columbiana County, Ohio: With Illustrations and Biographical Sketches of Some of Its Prominent Men and Pioneers. Unigraphic. p. 234.
7. McCord, William B. (1905). History of Columbiana County, Ohio and Representative Citizens. Biographical Publishing Company. pp.  309.
8. "Columbiana County". Jim Forte Postal History. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved January 10, 2016.
9. "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
10. "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Calcutta CDP, Ohio". U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder. Archived from the original on January 24, 2015. Retrieved January 23, 2015.
11. "Census of Population and Housing" (PDF). Census.gov. Retrieved July 17, 2018.
12. §503.24, §505.01, and §507.01 of the Ohio Revised Code. Accessed April 30, 2009.