Central Marchigian dialect

Last updated
Marchigiano
Marchiscià
Native to Italy
Regioncentral Marche (provinces of Ancona, Macerata and Fermo)
Native speakers
900,000[ citation needed ]
Language codes
ISO 639-3
ita-cen
Glottolog None
Linguasphere 51-AAA-okl & 51-AAA-rba
Dialetti italiani centrali.jpg
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Marchigiano refers to a group of Romance varieties spoken in the central part of the Marche region of Italy, in an area that includes the provinces of Ancona, Macerata and Fermo. It is one of the Central Italian dialects and forms part of a continuum that also encompasses Umbrian and Tuscan. There are notable grammatical, lexical and idiomatic differences between Marchigiano and standard Italian, but it is considered, along with the rest of Central Italian dialects, to be fairly intelligible to a speaker of Standard Italian.

Contents

According to internal variation, Marchigiano is divided into two main areas:

Common features

Features that distinguish Marchigiano in general from Italian include:

The verbs meaning 'be' and 'have' inflect as follows in the present indicative:

AnconitanoMacerateseItalianTranslation
sososonoI am
sei (sai)ssiseiyou are
èadèèhe/she/it is
semosimosiamowe are
setesieteyou (plural) are
è(-ne)adèsonothey are
AnconitanoMacerateseItalianTranslation
ciòciòhoI have
ciàici(ài)haiyou have
ciàciàhahe/she/it has
ciavémociaìmoabbiamowe have
ciavéciaéteaveteyou (plural) have
cià(-ne)ciàhannothey have

Features of the three areas

Ancona dialect

The Ancona dialect is spoken only in Ancona and has only recently spread its influence elsewhere (Falconara, Osimo, Jesi, Chiaravalle, Porto Recanati, Loreto and Senigallia). Of the Marchigiano varieties, it is the one that shows the most Gallo-Italic traits. For instance, the masculine singular definite article is always el, without anything comparable to the Italian variation, according to phonetic context, between il and lo. Only the speakers from towns which are closer to Macerata (Osimo, Castelfidardo, Loreto, Porto Recanati) use the form lo as in Italian. [1] These cities also undergo other influences from the Macerata dialect, due to proximity. [1]

Fabriano dialect

The Fabriano dialect is spoken in Fabriano (closer to Umbria) and nearby towns. Rhotacism of /l/ occurs in this dialect, such that the local equivalents of Italian calza 'sock' and fulmine 'lightning' are carza and furmine.

Macerata dialect

The Macerata dialect is spoken in the provinces of Macerata and Fermo. Its speakers use lu (masculine singular) and lo (neuter singular) as definite articles. Notable features are rhotacism of /l/ and various assimilations that are absent from Italian:

Sound changeMaceratese wordItalian counterpartTranslation
/nd/ > /nn/mettennomettendoputting
/mb/ > /mm/gammagambaleg
/nt/ > /nd/piandapiantaplant
/mp/ > /mb/cambucampofield
/ld/ > /ll/callucaldohot

Vocabulary

The following is a list of Marchigian words; note that the Anconitan forms do not show gemination [3] (babu,ciambòtu,nèrtu, etc.)

See also

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 Massimo Morroni, Vocabolario del dialetto osimano
  2. 1 2 3 Carlo Grillantini, Saggi e studi sul dialetto osimano
  3. Loporcaro, Michele (1997). "Lengthening and "raddoppiamento fonosintattico"". The Dialects of Italy. Edited by Martin Maiden, Mair Parry. Abingdon: Routledge. ISBN   0-415-11104-8. Ancona, as claimed by Rohlfs (1966: 322) is the southernmost outcrop on the Adriatic coast - south of Wartburg's La Spezia-Rimini (or Pellegrini's Carrara-Fano) Line - of Western Romance degemination

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