Cotton Plant, Arkansas | |
---|---|
Coordinates: 35°0′12″N91°15′5″W / 35.00333°N 91.25139°W | |
Country | United States |
State | Arkansas |
County | Woodruff |
Incorporated | November 14, 1887 |
Government | |
• Type | Mayor–council |
• Mayor | Clara Harston Brown (First Female Mayor) |
Area | |
• Total | 1.04 sq mi (2.69 km2) |
• Land | 1.04 sq mi (2.69 km2) |
• Water | 0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2) |
Elevation | 194 ft (59 m) |
Population (2020) | |
• Total | 529 |
• Density | 509.14/sq mi (196.62/km2) |
Time zone | UTC−06:00 (Central (CST)) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC−05:00 (CDT) |
ZIP Code | 72036 |
Area code | 870 |
FIPS code | 05-15550 |
GNIS feature ID | 0076683 [2] |
Cotton Plant is a city in southern Woodruff County, Arkansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city had a total population of 529.
In 1820, when settlers from neighboring states first came to the Cotton Plant area, it was covered in dense timber and cane. As a small town began to take shape at the site of present-day Cotton Plant, those settlers initially named their community Richmond. [3]
William Lynch brought cotton seeds with him from Mississippi in 1846, and the new crop flourished. The community was forced to change its name to Cotton Plant since a community named Richmond was already registered in Little River County. On July 7, 1862, Confederate units and Cotton Plant locals skirmished with the 1st and 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, Army of the Southwest for the Union, a last-ditch effort by the Confederates to stop Samuel Curtis' march to Helena. The Confederates were soundly defeated, allowing Curtis and his army to eventually take Helena, resupply his army, and take Little Rock the following year. [4]
A new line of the Batesville and Brinkley Railroad charged the Cotton Plant economy when it was completed in 1881. [5] Warehouses, cotton gins, and a cotton compress brought jobs to the city, and downtown Cotton Plant became a bustling cultural center for Woodruff County. In 1908, the newly completed Missouri and North Arkansas Railroad opened up the timber industry about Cotton Plant, bringing the Standard Stave and Hoop Mill, sawmills, woodworking factories, and a veneer plant in subsequent years. Hit hard by the Great Depression, the Works Progress Administration was tasked with installing a water and sewer system in town in 1935. Residents celebrated with fireworks and parades upon the completion of the project. [6] The community was also impacted by World War II, but boomed after the war, experiencing its most prosperous times in the 1950s. [7]
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.0 square mile (2.6 km2), all land.
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1880 | 98 | — | |
1890 | 429 | 337.8% | |
1900 | 458 | 6.8% | |
1910 | 1,081 | 136.0% | |
1920 | 1,661 | 53.7% | |
1930 | 1,689 | 1.7% | |
1940 | 1,778 | 5.3% | |
1950 | 1,838 | 3.4% | |
1960 | 1,704 | −7.3% | |
1970 | 1,657 | −2.8% | |
1980 | 1,323 | −20.2% | |
1990 | 1,150 | −13.1% | |
2000 | 960 | −16.5% | |
2010 | 649 | −32.4% | |
2020 | 529 | −18.5% | |
U.S. Decennial Census [8] |
Race | Num. | Perc. |
---|---|---|
White | 133 | 25.14% |
Black or African American | 363 | 68.62% |
Asian | 1 | 0.19% |
Other/Mixed | 25 | 4.73% |
Hispanic or Latino | 7 | 1.32% |
As of the 2020 United States Census, there were 529 people, 282 households, and 153 families residing in the city.
As of the census [10] of 2000, there were 960 people, 416 households, and 262 families residing in the city. The population density was 933.0 inhabitants per square mile (360.2/km2). There were 470 housing units at an average density of 456.8 per square mile (176.4/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 74.06% Black or African American, 23.96% White, 0.21% Native American, 0.31% Asian, and 1.46% from two or more races. 1.88% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 416 households, out of which 27.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 31.7% were married couples living together, 27.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.0% were non-families. 34.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 2.98.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 29.7% under the age of 18, 6.6% from 18 to 24, 19.6% from 25 to 44, 22.1% from 45 to 64, and 22.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 75.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 73.5 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $13,264, and the median income for a family was $15,625. Males had a median income of $18,125 versus $16,250 for females. The per capita income for the city was $9,652. 47.3% of the population and 39.5% of families were below the poverty line. 66.8% of those under the age of 18 and 36.1% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.
Public education for early childhood, elementary and secondary school students is provided by the Augusta School District, which leads to graduation from Augusta High School.
On July 1, 2004, the Cotton Plant School District merged into the Augusta School District. [11] Cotton Plant Elementary School remained as one of three schools in the district and served prekindergarten through grade 3. In 2014 the Augusta school district planned to close Cotton Plant Elementary and the Arkansas Department of Education (ADE) approved the closure. [12]
Woodruff County is located in the Arkansas Delta in the U.S. state of Arkansas. The county is named for William E. Woodruff, founder of the state's first newspaper, the Arkansas Gazette. Created as Arkansas's 54th county in 1862, Woodruff County is home to one incorporated town and four incorporated cities, including Augusta, the county seat. The county is also the site of numerous unincorporated communities and ghost towns. Occupying only 587 square miles (152,000 ha), Woodruff County is the 13th smallest county in Arkansas. As of the 2020 Census, the county's population was 6,269. Based on population, the county is the second-smallest county of the 75 in Arkansas. Located in the Arkansas Delta, the county is largely flat with fertile soils. Historically covered in forest, bayous and swamps, the area was cleared for agriculture by early settlers. It is drained by the Cache River and the White River. Along the Cache River, the Cache River National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) runs north–south across the county, preserving bottomland forest, sloughs and wildlife habitat.
Monroe County is located in the Arkansas Delta in the U.S. state of Arkansas. The county is named for James Monroe, the fifth President of the United States. Created as Arkansas's 20th county on November 2, 1829, Monroe County is home to two incorporated towns and three incorporated cities, including Clarendon, the county seat, and Brinkley, the most populous city. The county is also the site of numerous unincorporated communities and ghost towns.
Chicot County is a county located in the southeastern corner of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,208. The county seat is Lake Village. Chicot County is Arkansas's 10th county, formed on October 25, 1823, and named after Point Chicot on the Mississippi River. It is part of the Arkansas Delta, lowlands along the river that have been historically important as an area for large-scale cotton cultivation.
Elm Springs is a city in Benton and Washington Counties, Arkansas, United States. Located immediately west of Springdale in the Northwest Arkansas metropolitan statistical area, Elm Springs has been gaining population in recent years, including a 47% increase in population between the 2000 and 2010 censuses.
Lake Village is a city in and the county seat of Chicot County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 2,575 at the 2010 census. It is located in the Arkansas Delta. Lake Village is named for its location on Lake Chicot, an oxbow lake formed by the Mississippi River.
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Jacksonport is a town in Jackson County, Arkansas, United States, along the White River at its confluence with the Black River. The population was 212 at the 2010 census.
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Brinkley is the most populous city in Monroe County, Arkansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 2,700, down from 3,188 in 2010.
Clarendon is a city in, and the county seat of, Monroe County, Arkansas, United States. Located in the Arkansas Delta, the city's position on the White River at the mouth of the Cache River has defined the community since first incorporating in 1859. Although the river has brought devastation and disaster to the city occasionally throughout history, it has also provided economic opportunities, transportation, recreation and tourism to the city.
Jasper is a city in Newton County, Arkansas, United States. According to the 2020 census, its population is 547. The city is the county seat of Newton County.
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West Helena is the western portion of Helena-West Helena, Arkansas, a city in Phillips County, Arkansas, United States. As of the 2000 census, this portion of the city population was 8,689.
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Augusta is a city in Woodruff County, Arkansas, United States, located on the east bank of the White River. The population was 2,199 at the 2010 census. The city is the county seat of Woodruff County.
Hunter is a town in southeast Woodruff County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 152 at the 2000 census.
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Helena–West Helena is the county seat of and the largest city within Phillips County, Arkansas, United States. The current city was consolidated, effective January 1, 2006, from the two Arkansas cities of Helena and West Helena. Helena is sited on lowlands between the Mississippi River and the eastern side of Crowley's Ridge. West Helena is located on the western side of Crowley's Ridge, a geographic anomaly in the typically flat Arkansas Delta. The Helena Bridge, one of Arkansas' four Mississippi River bridges, carries U.S. Route 49 across to Mississippi. The combined population of the two cities was 15,012 at the 2000 census and at the 2010 census, the official population was 12,282.