Cuisine of Karnataka

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The cuisine of Karnataka includes the cuisines of the different regions and communities of Karnataka, namely, North Karnataka cuisine, South Karnataka cuisine, Udupi cuisine, Saraswat cuisine, Coorg cuisine, Mangalorean Catholic cuisine and Navayath cuisine. [1] [2]

Karnataka cuisine includes both vegetarian and non-vegetarian. Ragi, which is a staple in Kannadiga cuisine is mentioned in the works of the poet Adikavi Pampa and in the ancient Sanskrit medical text Sushruta Samhita. [3]

Following are some of the different cuisines from Karnataka :

  1. Uttara Karnataka Cuisine
  2. Karwar cuisine
  3. Udupi Cuisine
  4. Mangaluru cuisine
  5. Kodagu or coorg cuisine
  6. Mysuru - Mandya cuisine
  7. Dakshina Kannada cuisines
  8. Malnad cuisine
  9. Ballari - Raichur cuisine
  10. Davangere cuisine etc

North Karnataka cuisine

A typical North Karnataka meal: with jolada roti, kosambri, raita, several palyas and curry Uttar Karnataka food.JPG
A typical North Karnataka meal: with jolada roti, kosambri, raita, several palyas and curry
Typical Karnataka style lemon coloured Kesari Bhath with cashew nuts Kesari Bhath.jpg
Typical Karnataka style lemon coloured Kesari Bhath with cashew nuts

North Karnataka cuisine, encompassing the region of North Karnataka, has a diverse collection of dishes. However, for the most part, these dishes are vegetarian due to the dominance of the vegetarian Lingayat community in the area. The cuisine is based on jowar (sorghum/millet) and wheat, made into jolada rotis, made from jowar.

A typical Lingayat meal consists of jolada rooti, along with several kinds of curries and palyas. Palyas are made of vegetables sauteed and seasoned with various spices. These include jowari doddmensinkayi palya (capsicum curry), gulagayi yenagai (Brinjal fry), jowari mensinkayi  (fried chilli), as well as majjige saaru (buttermilk curry). The palyas can be from any vegetable currently in season. Another common item is jhunka, steamed cubes of gram flour dusted with sesame and coriander. During festival times, Lingayats make soute bija huggi, pellets of broken wheat dough that are tedious to make. Other festival dishes include various kinds of kadubu (dumplings), made out of wheat or other flour and occasionally stuffed.

The region is also known for its various powders, commonly put into cuisines. These are made of agasi (flax), yellu (sesame), shenga (groundnut), puttani (channa dal) and gurelu/ucchal (Niger seed), and are added as seasoning to various dishes.

Chicken rassa, popular in areas of Karnataka near Maharashtra Chicken Rassa Marathi Food by Dr. Raju Kasambe 06.jpg
Chicken rassa, popular in areas of Karnataka near Maharashtra

Cuisine in Belagavi is similar to Maharashtrian cuisine, including a prevalence of chili. This cuisine also uses jolada, has several Marathi dishes including rassa (a fiery curry made from chilis) or sukka (a dry fry). This area also uses more meat such as chicken or mutton, similar to Maharashtra. Cuisine in Hyderabad-Karnataka has influences from that region: including gongura. Popular dishes include many Hyderabadi favourites such as Biryani, keema balls, dalcha and bread ka meetha.

Coastal Karnataka Cuisine

Neer dosey NeerDosa.jpg
Neer dosey

Coastal Karnataka is home to many different ethnolinguistic communities, and so its cuisines are similarly diverse. Common to most people there is the use of fish, especially in Uttara Kannada. The main dish in Uttara Kannada is fish curry, along with rice. Mangalore, however, has multiple communities and so is famed for many dishes. Some of these include neer dosa, kori rotti and Mangalore buns. The most popular dish is the various seafood curries, locally known as gassi. These curries are made unique by the use of jaargey, also known as Malabar tamarind, a fruit local to the region with a sour exterior.

Chitranna (lemon rice) and payasa, prominent foods in Udupi cuisine Chitranna and Payasa.jpg
Chitranna (lemon rice) and payasa, prominent foods in Udupi cuisine

On the other extreme is Udupi cuisine, found in the temple town of Udupi midway between Uttara Kannada and Mangalore. Unlike the others, this cuisine has only vegetarian dishes and adheres strictly to the definition of sattvic food, and excludes onion and garlic. Therefore, this cuisine is mostly found among the Brahmins of the region. This food includes sambar, rasam and a variety of lemon rice called chitranna by Brahmins. Dosa is believed by some to originate from the area.

South Karnatakan Cuisine

Typical Mandya style of Ragi mudde, Boti gojju Mandya style of non-veg food.jpg
Typical Mandya style of Ragi mudde, Boti gojju
Ragi mudde with Bassaaru Ragi Mudde - Bassaru.jpg
Ragi mudde with Bassaaru
Onion dosa, common with coconut chutney and curry Onion Dosey.jpg
Onion dosa, common with coconut chutney and curry
Bonda soup, Urad dal bonda served with hot dal soup Bonda soup.jpg
Bonda soup, Urad dal bonda served with hot dal soup
Bisi Belebhath, a popular rice-based dish Bisi Bele Bath (Bisibelebath).JPG
Bisi Belebhath, a popular rice-based dish

The staples of South Karnataka food is rice and ragi (finger millet). Since rice is relatively expensive compared to ragi, ragi is the primary food for those living in rural areas. This cuisine uses some of the same dishes as Udupi cuisine: including kosambri and spiced rice. A typical meal consists of ragi mudde along with some sort of saaru: a stew including spices and a special ingredient. Bassaru is a spicy, lentil-based vegetable stew, while uppusaaru is a milder soup typically eaten with uppankai (pickle). The most popular saaru in the region is soppina saaru, made with greens, and is most commonly eaten on a working day. Another popular item is koli saaru, chicken sambar, but mutton is also consumed, especially during festivals. Other significant dishes are avarekalu, beans consumed during the winter, and bisi bele bath, a way of cooking rice along with vegetables, essentially combining sambar and rice in a single dish. The mud idli was invented in the 1940s, during a rice shortage, in MTR, Bengaluru. Other important dishes include upma (called upittu).

Kadubu from Kodagu Kadubu of Coorg.jpg
Kadubu from Kodagu
Set dosa, a set of 3 dosas with coconut chutney, curry and Mysore Bajji Set Dosey.jpg
Set dosa, a set of 3 dosas with coconut chutney, curry and Mysore Bajji

Kodava cuisine has some significant differences from typical South Karnataka cuisine, the most important being the prevalence of pork dishes.

See also

Related Research Articles

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A dosa or dose is a thin pancake or crepe, originating from South India, made from a fermented batter predominantly consisting of lentils and rice. It is somewhat similar to a crepe in appearance, although savoury flavours are generally emphasized. Its main ingredients are rice and black gram, ground together in a fine, smooth batter with a dash of salt, then fermented. Dosas are a common dish in South Indian cuisine, but now have become popular all over the Indian subcontinent. Dosas are served hot along with chutney by tradition and sambar in recent times. Other accompaniments include chutney powder.

Idli A common Breakfast originating from South India

Idli or idly are a type of savoury rice cake, originating from the Indian subcontinent, popular as breakfast foods in Southern India and in Sri Lanka. The cakes are made by steaming a batter consisting of fermented black lentils (de-husked) and rice. The fermentation process breaks down the starches so that they are more readily metabolized by the body.

Sambar (dish) Indian food

Sambar is a lentil-based vegetable stew, cooked with pigeon pea and tamarind broth. It is popular in South Indian and Sri Lankan cuisines.

Tamil cuisine

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Rasam (dish)

Rasam, or charu pani, chaaru, saaru, saathamudhu, or kabir is a South Indian soup. It is a spicy-sweet-sour stock traditionally prepared using kokum, tamarind, or dried green mango juice as a base along with jaggery, garlic, black pepper, chili pepper, cumin, tomato, and other spices as seasonings. Steamed lentils can be added along with any preferred vegetables. Nowadays, all the seasonings required are combined and ground beforehand into rasam powder, which is available commercially. Chilled prepared versions are also marketed commercially as well as rasam paste in bottles.

Cuisine of the Indian subcontinent

Cuisine of the Indian subcontinent includes the cuisines from the Indian subcontinent comprising the traditional cuisines from Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.

Idiyappam Rice noodle dish

Idiyappam, also known as string hopper, nool puttu, or noolappam, chomai, indiappa is a rice noodle dish originating from the Indian states of Tamil Nadu and Kerala. Also in Srilanka. It consists of rice flour pressed into noodles, woven into a flat disc-like shape and steamed. The dish also spread to Southeast Asia, where it is called putu mayam in Malaysia and Singapore, putu mayang in Indonesia.

Udupi cuisine

Udupi cuisine is a cuisine of South India. It forms an important part of Tuluva-Mangalorean cuisine and takes its name from Udupi, a city on the southwest coast of India in the Tulunadu region. Udupi cuisine has its origin in the Tulu Ashta Mathas of Udupi founded by Madhvacharya.

Indian bread A wide variety of flatbreads and crêpes which are an integral part of Indian cuisine

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Neer dosa

Neer dosa, literally meaning water dosa in Tulu, is a crêpe prepared from rice batter. Neer dosa is a delicacy from Tulu Nadu region, and part of Udupi - Mangalorean cuisine.

South Indian cuisine Food cuisines in south Indian

South Indian cuisine includes the cuisines of the five southern states of India—Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Telangana—and the union territories of Lakshadweep, Pondicherry, and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.There are typically vegetarian and non-vegetarian dishes for all five states. Additionally, all regions have typical main dishes, snacks, light meals, desserts, and drinks that are well known in their respective region.

Sevai

Sevai, shavige or santhakai, or Saemia is a type of rice vermicelli popular in Southern India, particularly Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and some parts of Kerala. While typically made from rice, varieties made out of other food grains like wheat, ragi, etc. can also be found. Sevai is popular throughout South India as a meal throughout the day.

Bisi Bele Bath

Bisi bele bhath or Bisi Bele Huliyanna (ಬಿಸಿಬೇಳೆಹುಳಿಯನ್ನ) is a spicy, rice-based dish with origins in the state of Karnataka, India. It is said to have originated in the Mysore Palace and from there spread across the state of Karnataka.

Ragi mudde

Ragi Mudde, Ragi Sangati or kali and colloquially simply referred to as either 'Mudde' or 'Hittu' - i.e. flour); is a wholesome meal in the state of Karnataka and the Rayalaseema region in Andhra Pradesh. It is mainly popular with the rural folk of Karnataka. In Tamil Nadu, especially in Western Tamil Nadu it is called Ragi Kali. Ragi mudde main food in Kolar, Mandya, Hassan, Mysore, Tumkur districts in Karnataka.The Similar variation known as Dhindo is also eaten in Northeast India, Nepal and Bhutan.

Siddapura, Uttara Kannada City in Karnataka, India

Siddapur is a city and the headquarters of Siddapur taluk, located in the Uttara Kannada district of the state of Karnataka in southern India. It is nestled among the Western Ghats. The town is surrounded by forests and lush greenery, and the region is popular for its many waterfalls. Sirsi is the nearest large city. Adike is the primary crop grown in the villages that surround the town.

Saraswat cuisine

Saraswat cuisine is the cuisine of the Saraswat Brahmins from the Konkan region on the western coast of India. Saraswat cuisine differs within the Saraswat Brahmin subsects and within the Konkan-Canara region. Saraswat cuisine originally hails from the Konkan region including Uttara Kannada, Udupi district, Dakshina Kannada, Damaon, and Goa, India. Saraswat cuisine is known throughout the western coast of India. Each variation has its unique flavour and makes uses of different vegetables and fruits available in the region. Saraswat cuisine is usually pesco-vegetarian. This group regards fish meat in general as sea vegetables. Historically, they have refrained from eating any terrestrial animals.

Mangaloreans are a collection of diverse ethnic groups that hail from the historical locales of South Canara (Tulunaad) on the south western coast of Karnataka, India, particularly the residents native to Mangaluru.

Mangalorean cuisine

Mangalorean cuisine is a collective name given to the cuisine of Mangalore which comprises cuisines like Udupi as well as cuisine of the Mangalorean communities like that of the Tuluvas, Goud Saraswat Brahmins, Mangalorean Catholics and the Bearys.

Telugu cuisine

Telugu cuisine is a cuisine of South India native to the Telugu people from the states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. Generally known for its tangy, hot and spicy taste, the cooking is very diverse due to the vast spread of the people and varied topological regions.

Telangana cuisine Cultural food in Indian

Telangana cuisine is a food culture unique to Telangana Region. The Telangana state lies on the Deccan plateau and its topography dictates more millets and roti based dishes. Jowar and Bajra features more prominently in their cuisine. Due to its proximity with Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh and northwest Karnataka, it shares some similarities and differences of the Deccan Plateau cuisine.

References

  1. "6 Things You Need to Know About Karnataka's Local Cuisine". Culture Trip.
  2. "Forgotten Flavours". Deccan Herald.
  3. "Karnataka Cuisine – Diverse culinary traditions". Fashionable Foodz.