Engenho Novo

Last updated
Engenho Novo
Neighborhood
Engenho Novo 2.jpg
Rio De Janeiro location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Engenho Novo
Location in Rio de Janeiro
Brazil location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Engenho Novo
Engenho Novo (Brazil)
Coordinates: 22°54′29″S43°16′05″W / 22.90806°S 43.26806°W / -22.90806; -43.26806
Country Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil
State Rio de Janeiro (RJ)
Municipality/City Rio de Janeiro
Zone North Zone
Administrative RegionMéier
Area
 • Total264.48 ha (653.54 acres)
Population
 (2010)
 • Total42,172
 • Density16,000/km2 (41,000/sq mi)

Engenho Novo is a neighborhood of middle class and lower middle of the North Zone of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. [1]

Contents

The region's HDI, in 2000, was 0.858: the 45th best in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro. [2]

It neighbors the neighborhoods Méier, Vila Isabel, Lins de Vasconcelos, Sampaio, Jacaré, Cachambi and Grajaú. [3] It has 264.48 hectares of land area. It is part of a region called the Grande Méier encompassing the neighborhoods of the Abolição, Água Santa, Cachambi, Encantado, Engenho de Dentro, Jacaré, Lins de Vasconcelos, Méier, Piedade, Pilares, Riachuelo, Rocha, Sampaio, São Francisco Xavier and Todos os Santos. It is the fifth largest district population group.

Night vision of Engenho novo. Visao noturna do Engenho Novo - panoramio.jpg
Night vision of Engenho novo.

The neighborhood is served by the Engenho Novo Station on the Deodoro Line of the Supervia rail network. [4]

It is cut by the ´"Rio Jacaré" which is a river that is currently severely degraded by urbanization and consequent pollution.

In it is located a unit of the traditional Rio de Janeiro teaching establishment, Colégio Pedro II, there is also a Scout Group (81º Caetés) that completed 50 years in January 2008, the neighborhood also has two sports clubs, Clube Lins and Vitória Tênis Club and also has the Celso Lisboa University Center.

It is an economically stagnant neighborhood because it suffers from the lack of investments in the area. The degraded landscape and the violence are due to repeated police attacks against residents of the favelas located in its perimeter and surroundings, namely: Matriz, São João, Céu Azul, Rato Molhado, Encontro, in addition to part of the Lins Complex.

A series of Pacifying Police Units were installed in the neighborhood in 2011, but at the beginning of 2017 they were withdrawn and there is no longer any pacification in the communities of these neighborhoods, due to the government crisis. The residences, in general, are old and decaying. Poorly maintained streets and poor security. Absence of cultural and recreational infrastructure, etc., meaning that its residents have to move to Méier or to the Tijuca region (nearby neighborhoods with better infrastructure).

The Engenho Novo Residents' Association is one of the most active in the city.

History

The occupation of the region known today as Grande Méier began when Estácio de Sá donated the Sesmaria de Iguaçu to the Jesuit priests. The lands encompassed the current neighborhoods of Grande Méier and others such as Catumbi, Tijuca, Benfica and São Cristóvão. In them, the Jesuits installed three sugar mills : Engenho Velho, Engenho Novo and São Cristóvão.

The construction, in 1720, of a chapel dedicated to São Miguel and Nossa Senhora da Conceição, in Engenho Novo, boosted the growth of the area.

The chapel gained new forms over time. And it even hides an exhibition of bones from the shameful period of slavery . [5]

In 1759, when the Jesuits were expelled from Brazil, their lands passed into the hands of Manuel Gomes, Manuel da Silva and Manuel Teixeira. With the aim of exploiting wood and growing vegetables, the existing forests were devastated, forming large empty spaces that would allow the occupation of the soil.

A significant part of Engenho Novo would be called "Quinta dos Duques", due to the acquisition of this region by the family of Duque-Estrada de Itaboraí. This same family would send, in 1815, an application to Dom João VI asking for the concession of the surrounding vacant lands – currently known as Manguinhos [6]

Freed slaves built precarious dwellings in " Morro dos Pretos Forros ", a region currently covered by the Grajaú-Jacarepaguá highway, expanding occupation of the region. Later, colonization was accelerated with the discovery of gold in the region.

The Parish of "Nossa Senhora da Conceição do Engenho Novo" was created in 1783, boosting the development of the region. Until the Second Empire, farms and ranches multiplied. Trade was developing around the old mills.

Engenho novo's train station

Estacao do Engenho Novo em 1891.jpg

The Engenho Novo station, opened in 1858 by the then Dom Pedro II Railroad, which in 1889 was renamed Central Railroad Brasil, was decisive for the occupation of the neighborhood. From then on, the lands were subdivided and the streets (opened in almost all terrains swampy) were being cleaned up.

Accident at the station injures several passengers (A Provincia de S. Paulo, 03/22/1882) Engenho novo 1882.jpg
Accident at the station injures several passengers (A Provincia de S. Paulo, 03/22/1882)

“On March 29, 1858, at ten thirty minutes in the morning, the first train of the Estrada de Ferro D.Pedro II departed from Campo da Aclamação, in the eyes of the 'happy and jubilant people' that surrounded the station and the road to Queimados. According to a reporter from Jornal do Comércio, the inauguration party for the Railway had agitated the population on the inaugural journey, which lasted an hour and forty minutes”.

Wrote historian Elaina Serfaty in the book “By the suburban train”, by the General Archive of the City of Rio de Janeiro. [7] With the train station, the neighborhood was drastically changed. It became the gateway to the North Zone. Trade grew. The number of residents grew. The economy grew. Sanitation has arrived.

In 1903, the development of the Region accelerated, with emphasis on the side of Méier station where a solid trade was formed. Important business houses and magazines emerged that attracted people from all over the City. The neighborhood has one of the units of one of the most famous public schools in the state, Colégio Pedro II. Founded in March 1952, as one of the Externato Sections of the CPII, in the building where the Colégio Independência had operated until then, located on Rua Barão do Bom Retiro, which connects the neighborhood to Grajaú. The campus Engenho Novo I began its activities in 1986, built in the former guild building of the campus Engenho Novo II. [8]

Culture

Weather

The city of Rio de Janeiro has a tropical savannah climate (Aw). According to the Köppen-Geiger climate classification, generally characterized by long periods of heavy rain between December and March. [9] The city experiences hot, humid summers and warm, sunny winters. Temperatures above 35 °C are common during the summer, although rarely for long periods, while maximum temperatures above 23 °C can occur monthly. [10]

Climate data for Engenho novo (1970-2023)
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Average high °C (°F)31
(88)		31
(88)		31
(88)		29
(84)		28
(82)		26
(79)		26
(79)		26
(79)		26
(79)		27
(81)		27
(81)		30
(86)		28
(83)
Average low °C (°F)18
(64)		21
(70)		22
(72)		21
(70)		20
(68)		17
(63)		16
(61)		15
(59)		16
(61)		17
(63)		19
(66)		20
(68)		19
(65)
Average precipitation mm (inches)120
(4.7)		130
(5.1)		110
(4.3)		90
(3.5)		90
(3.5)		60
(2.4)		30
(1.2)		30
(1.2)		20
(0.8)		60
(2.4)		70
(2.8)		100
(3.9)		910
(35.8)
Source: www.weatherbase.com [11]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Petrópolis</span> Municipality in Southeast, Brazil

Petrópolis, also known as The Imperial City, is a municipality in the Southeast Region of Brazil. It is located in the state of Rio de Janeiro, 68 kilometres (42 mi) northeast of the city of Rio de Janeiro. According to the 2010 National Brazilian Census, Petrópolis municipality had 295,917 inhabitants that year, up from 286,537 inhabitants at the last census. Besides being the largest and most populous city in the Fluminense Mountain Region, the city also has the largest GDP and HDI in the region.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Botafogo</span> Neighborhood in Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Botafogo is a beachfront neighborhood (bairro) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is a mostly upper middle class and small commerce community, and is located between the hills of Mundo Novo, Dona Marta and São João. The word Botafogo also refers to a Latin American ballroom dance move, named so because the area of Botafogo is where it originated.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nova Iguaçu</span> Municipality in Southeast, Brazil

Nova Iguaçu is a municipality in Rio de Janeiro state in Brazil.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jacarezinho, Rio de Janeiro</span> Neighborhood in Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Jacarezinho is a Brazilian neighborhood and also a favela with more than 60,300 residents living in an area of 40 ha. The place is located in the North Zone of Rio de Janeiro city, and it borders the neighborhoods of Jacaré, Méier, Engenho Novo and Triagem. It is the third largest favela in Rio de Janeiro, only behind Rocinha and Complexo do Alemão. The favela expanded along with the city's industrialization, and it became the biggest favela in Rio de Janeiro by the mid-20th century, with a population of 23,000 in 1960. The crucial element in its growth was the industrial boom in the nearby Méier district after World War II, according to historian Julio Cesar Pino, author of a book about the favelas of Rio de Janeiro.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro</span> Neighborhood in Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Maracanã is a middle-class neighborhood in the Northern Zone of Rio de Janeiro city. The Maracanã Stadium is located in this neighborhood, as well as the Ginásio do Maracanãzinho. Maracanã is bordered by these neighborhoods: Praça da Bandeira, Tijuca and Vila Isabel.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Estrada de Ferro Central do Brasil</span>

The Estrada de Ferro Central do Brasil was one of the principal railways of Brazil, uniting the states of Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Minas Gerais.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Imperial de São Cristóvão</span> Neighborhood in Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

São Cristóvão is a traditional neighborhood in north of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cachoeira</span> Municipality in Bahia, Brazil

Cachoeira is an inland municipality of Bahia, Brazil, on the Paraguaçu River. The town exports sugar, cotton, and tobacco and is a thriving commercial and industrial centre.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Osório Duque-Estrada</span> Brazilian poet, essayist, journalist, literary critic and professor

Joaquim Osório Duque-Estrada was a Brazilian poet, essayist, journalist, literary critic and professor. He is famous for writing in 1909 a poem that would become the lyrics of the Brazilian National Anthem in 1922.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Realengo</span> Neighborhood in Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Realengo is a neighborhood in the West Zone of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The lower and middle-class neighborhood is between the Mendanha and Pedra Branca mountains. It is located between the mountains of Pedra Branca and Mendanha in the northern of the called West Zone of the city, owned and named the XXXIII Administrative Region which encompasses the entire east around the neighborhood. Realengo usually has the highest temperatures in the city, even though the winter nights are often cold because of the proximity to the mountains. Created on November 20, 1815, every year on this day the city's birthday is celebrated with the Week of Realengo. Pedro I of Brazil and Pedro II of Brazil used to go to the farm of Santa Cruz by the Estrada Real de Santa Cruz, passing by Realengo, where they often stayed.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Campo Grande, Rio de Janeiro</span> Neighborhood in Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Campo Grande is the largest neighborhood in the West Zone of Rio de Janeiro. Campo Grande has a population of 328,370 inhabitants and an area of 119,1253 sq km, on both counts Rio's largest. It is situated 50 kilometers away from Downtown Rio.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Santa Cruz, Rio de Janeiro</span> Neighborhood in Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Santa Cruz is an extensive and populous neighborhood of the high class, lower middle and low in the West Zone of the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, the farthest from the center of Rio de Janeiro. Cut by the Santa Cruz extension of the urban passenger rail network of the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro, it has a very diverse landscape, with commercial areas, residential and industrial.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Méier</span> Neighborhood in Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Méier is a middle class and upper middle class neighborhood in the North Zone of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The neighborhood is the historic center of the "Área dos Engenhos", or "Mill Area", which today is known as Grande Méier and has been a sub-prefecture since 2013. As a result, it has a wide range of shops and a variety of services and transport, although it is not one of the largest neighborhoods of the municipality. In the neighborhood is located one of the first shopping centers in Brazil, Shopping do Méier, opened in 1963. It has two distinct urban appearances, one more bustling, commercial, in the areas close to the train station, and a quieter one, on more residential streets.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pedro de Araújo Lima, Marquis of Olinda</span> Brazilian politician

Pedro de Araújo Lima, Marquis of Olinda was a politician and monarchist of the Empire of Brazil. His long political career spanned the reigns of John VI, Pedro I and Pedro II. He was also one of the founders of the Brazilian Conservative Party.

Engenho de Dentro is a middle-class and lower-middle-class neighbourhood in the North Zone of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It borders the neighbourhoods of Abolição, Água Santa, Cachambi, Encantado, Inhaúma, Lins de Vasconcelos, Méier, Pilares and Todos os Santos. The Nilton Santos Olympic Stadium, home stadium of Botafogo F.R. and one of the venues of the 2007 Pan American Games, 2016 Summer Olympics and Paralympics, is situated in Engenho de Dentro.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Benfica, Rio de Janeiro</span> Neighborhood in Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Benfica is a neighborhood in the North Zone of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is located near São Cristóvão and Engenho de Dentro, within the Centro (Downtown) Administrative Region.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1889 in Brazil</span> Brazil-related events during the year of 1889

Events in the year 1889 in Brazil.

Marcos Alexandre Souza Soares is a Brazilian football manager and former player who played as a central defender. He is the current manager of the Saudi Arabia national under-19 team.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">São Paulo Metropolitan Trains</span> Rapid transit system in São Paulo, Brazil

The São Paulo Metropolitan Train is a public transit rail system implanted in Greater São Paulo, serving 23 of its 39 municipalities. It has 273 km (170 mi) of length, 7 lines and 94 stations, transporting approximately 3 million passengers per day. Currently, it is operated by the state-owned company Companhia Paulista de Trens Metropolitanos (CPTM), but two of the lines were auctioned to ViaMobilidade, which began operating their administrations in January 2022.

References

  1. ↑ "Bairro: Engenho Novo". Prefeitura da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
  2. ↑ "Tabela 1172 - Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal (IDH), por ordem de IDH, segundo os bairros ou grupo de bairros - 2000".
  3. ↑ "Bairros do Rio".
  4. ↑ "Estações e Integrações". SuperVia. Archived from the original on 3 January 2015. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
  5. ↑ Gomide, Thiago. "Engenho Novo: o bairro da segunda mãe de Dom Pedro II | | O Dia". odia.ig.com.br (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2023-01-11.
  6. ↑ "Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - "Echos de Resistência Suburbana"" (PDF).
  7. ↑ Gomide, Thiago. "Engenho Novo: o bairro da segunda mãe de Dom Pedro II | | O Dia". odia.ig.com.br (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2023-01-11.
  8. ↑ .br/efcb_rj_linha_centro/engenho.htm José E. Buzelin; Anderson M. Silva; Tibor Jablonski; The State of S. Paulo, 1923, 1926 and 1939; Revista Noite Ilustrada, 1934; __: Estrada de Ferro Central do Brasil, 2nd volume, National Press, 1902; Correio da Manhã, 1950; Manuel Fernandes Figueira: Historical Memory of the EFCB, 1908, p. 509; Max Vasconcellos: Brazilian Communication Routes, 1928; Maps - R. M. Giesbrecht collection).{{cite book}}: Check |url= value (help)
  9. ↑ Alvares, Clayton Alcarde; Stape, José Luiz; Sentelhas, Paulo Cesar; de Moraes Gonçalves, José Leonardo; Sparovek, Gerd (2013-12-01). "Köppen's climate classification map for Brazil". Meteorologische Zeitschrift: 711–728. doi:10.1127/0941-2948/2013/0507.
  10. ↑ Freitas, Natacha Viana Seabra de; Nazareth, Samuel Bertrand Melo; Figueiredo, Erika Ciconelli de; Pisani, Maria Augusta Justi (June 2020). "Análise da sensação térmica em espaço público: o caso da Praça Rotary na cidade de São Paulo". Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa. doi: 10.5821/siiu.9755 .{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  11. ↑ - Estatísticas do clima em weatherbase.com https://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=179638&cityname=Bonsucesso-Rio-de-Janeiro-Brazil&units=us - Estatísticas do clima em weatherbase.com.{{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.