Engraulis

Engraulis Temporal range: 11–0  Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Late Miocene to Present [1]
A school of Californian anchovies, E. mordax.
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Clupeiformes
Family:	Engraulidae
Subfamily:	Engraulinae
Genus:	Engraulis Cuvier, 1816
Type species
Clupea encrasicolus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Species
See text.

Engraulis is a genus of anchovies. It currently contains nine species. ^[2] They are found in Pacific, Atlantic and Mediterranean sea, as well.

Species

Engraulis contains the following species: ^[3]

• Engraulis albidus Borsa, Collet & J. D. Durand, 2004 ^[4] (White anchovy)
• Engraulis anchoita C. L. Hubbs & Marini, 1935 (Argentine anchoita)
• Engraulis australis (Shaw, 1790) (Australian anchovy)
• Engraulis capensis Gilchrist, 1913 (Southern African anchovy)
• Engraulis encrasicolus (Linnaeus, 1758) (European anchovy)
• Engraulis eurystole (Swain & Meek, 1885) (Silver anchovy)
• Engraulis japonicus Temminck & Schlegel, 1846 (Japanese anchovy)
• Engraulis mordax Girard, 1854 (Californian anchovy)
• Engraulis ringens Jenyns, 1842 (Peruvian anchoveta)

Two valid fossil species are also known: ^[5]

• † Engraulis macrocephalus Landini & Menesini, 1978 - Late Pliocene/Early Pleistocene of Italy
• † Engraulis tethensis Grande, 1985 - Late Miocene of Cyprus

Many other fossil species have been assigned to Engraulis, but a review of these specimens have found most to be far too fragmentary to be assigned to this genus, and many to not even be clupeomorphs. ^[5]

References

1. Sepkoski, Jack (2002). "A compendium of fossil marine animal genera". Bulletins of American Paleontology. 364: 560. Archived from the original on 2011-07-23. Retrieved 2008-01-08.
2. Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Engraulis". FishBase . August 2024 version.
3. Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Engraulis". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 18 November 2024.
4. Philippe Borsa; Adeline Collet; Jean-Dominique Durand (2004). "Nuclear-DNA markers confirm the presence of two anchovy species in the Mediterranean". Comptes Rendus Biologies. 327 (12): 1113–1123. doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2004.09.003. ISSN   1631-0691.
5. Grande, Lance; Grande, Lance (1985). Interrelationships of fossil and recent anchovies (Teleostei, Engrauloidea) and description of a new species from the Miocene of Cyprus. New York, N.Y: American Museum of Natural History.