Grade I listed churches in Cumbria

Last updated

St James, Burton-in-Kendal Church of St James, Burton - geograph.org.uk - 1308219.jpg
St James, Burton-in-Kendal

Cumbria is a county in North West England. It was created in 1974 from the historical counties of Westmorland and Cumberland, together with the Furness area of Lancashire and the Sedbergh Rural District of the West Riding of Yorkshire. Its largest settlement is the county town of Carlisle. [1] Buildings in England are given listed building status by the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport, acting on the recommendation of Historic England. [2] Listed status gives the structure national recognition and protection against alteration or demolition without authorisation. Grade I listed buildings are defined as being of "exceptional interest, sometimes considered to be internationally important"; only 2.5 per cent of listed buildings are included in this grade. [3]

There have been Christian churches in Cumbria since the Anglo-Saxon era. Anglo-Saxon elements to be found in the churches include the lower parts of the towers of St Michael, Beetham, [4] and St Laurence, Morland. [5] Many of the churches have Norman features, including the tower of St Michael, Barton, [6] the north arcade of St Andrew, Crosby Garrett, [7] the crossing of St Lawrence, Crosby Ravensworth, [8] much of St John the Evangelist, Crosscanonby, [9] the north arcade and three doorways of St Mary, Kirkby Lonsdale, [10] and a doorway, the arcades and the chancel arch of St Michael, Torpenhow. [11] Gothic features are found in churches that originated at a later date, such as All Saints, Boltongate, [12] and in additions to older churches, such as St Lawrence, Appleby, [13] St Michael, Burgh by Sands, [14] and Carlisle Cathedral. [15] St James, Whitehaven, is in Georgian style, [16] as is the nave of St Andrew, Penrith. [17] Gothic Revival features can be found in churches that were restored or altered during the 19th century, and include the north transept added to St Michael, Muncaster by Anthony Salvin, [18] additions to St Martin, Bowness-on-Windermere by Paley and Austin, [19] and William Butterfield's restoration of St Bridget, Brigham. [20] The most modern church in the list is St Martin, Brampton, which was built between 1874 and 1878, and is the only church designed by Philip Webb, using a variety of architectural styles. [21]

Cumbria is predominantly rural, and has the largest national park in England and Wales, the Lake District. The county's major industry is tourism, but there is also some manufacturing, especially in the coastal towns of Barrow-in-Furness and Whitehaven. The geology of the county is complex: the central Lake District region contains volcanic and metamorphic rocks, with sedimentary rocks around the periphery. [22] The building materials used for the churches are mainly the sedimentary rocks of sandstone and limestone, with roofs in metamorphic slate. [23] Stone from the nearby Roman Hadrian's Wall was re-used in the construction of some churches in the north of the county, including St Andrew, Aikton, [24] St Michael, Burgh by Sands, [25] and St Peter, Kirkbampton. [26] Viking material in the form of statues and the Gosforth Cross is found in association with St Mary, Gosforth, [27] and in a wall of St Mary and St Michael, Great Urswick, is a cross-shaft thought to be Viking in origin. [28] Because of Cumbria's proximity to Scotland, several churches incorporate defensive features, including St Michael, Burgh by Sands, St Mungo, Dearham, [29] St James, Great Ormside, [30] and St John, Newton Arlosh. [31] This list consists of the 49 Grade I listed ecclesiastical buildings in the ceremonial county of Cumbria, as recorded in the National Heritage List for England .

Churches

NameLocationPhotographNotes
St Mary Abbeytown
54°50′43″N3°16′58″W / 54.8454°N 3.2829°W / 54.8454; -3.2829 (St Mary, Abbeytown)
Holme Cultram Abbey, Abbeytown (NY1750).jpg
The present church consists of part of the nave of Holmcultram Abbey, a Cistercian monastery founded in 1150. A west porch was added in 1507. Following the dissolution of the monasteries in 1538, the congregation was allowed to use the building as their parish church. The tower fell in 1600, destroying the choir and the north transept, an event that was followed by a fire in 1604. The building was modified between 1727 and 1739, shortening the nave, and removing the aisles and clerestory. The church was restored in 1913, and an ambulatory was created in 1973, but the building was again damaged by fire in 2006. It is constructed in sandstone, and contains a Norman west doorway and a Perpendicular east window. [32] [33]
St Andrew Aikton
54°51′55″N3°07′10″W / 54.8653°N 3.1194°W / 54.8653; -3.1194 (St Andrew, Aikton)
Aikton Church. - geograph.org.uk - 119914.jpg
St Andrew's dates from the 12th century, and retains some Norman features, including the chancel arch. Stones from Hadrian's Wall were used in its construction. The east and south walls of the chancel were rebuilt in 1732, and the north and south walls of the nave rebuilt in 1869. At the west end is a double bellcote surmounted by a St Andrew's cross. The porch contains a 13th-century upside-down grave-slab. [24] [34]
St Lawrence Appleby-in-Westmorland
54°34′42″N2°29′29″W / 54.5782°N 2.4915°W / 54.5782; -2.4915 (St Lawrence, Appleby-in-Westmorland)
St Lawrence's Church, Appleby.jpg
The oldest part of the church is the Norman lower stage of the tower, dating from about 1130. The body of the church is from the 14th century, and is in Decorated style. The exterior of the church is in Perpendicular style. Between 1655 and 1666, the northeast chapel was added and the chancel was rebuilt, this being paid for by Lady Anne Clifford. The church was restored in 1861–62, and again in 1960. The organ was acquired from Carlisle Cathedral in 1674. In the north chapel are monuments to Lady Anne Clifford, and to her mother, Lady Margaret Clifford. [13] [35]
St Michael Barton
54°37′47″N2°47′43″W / 54.6298°N 2.7954°W / 54.6298; -2.7954 (St Michael, Barton)
St Michael's Church, Barton - geograph.org.uk - 279418.jpg
St Michael's has a central tower dating from the 12th century; the nave dates from the same century. The south aisle was added in the following century, a north aisle and a south chapel in about 1300, and the chancel in the early 14th century. Perpendicular-style windows were inserted in the 16th century, the south porch was added in the following century, and the vestry was built in about 1904. It is the only church in Cumbria to have a central Norman tower on a medieval parish church. [6] [36]
St Michael Beetham
54°12′34″N2°46′27″W / 54.2094°N 2.7741°W / 54.2094; -2.7741 (St Michael, Beetham)
St Michael's Church, Beetham.jpg
It is possible that the lower part of the tower of St Michael's dates from the Anglo-Saxon era. The south aisle was added in about 1200, the chancel was extended during the 13th century, and in the following century the Beetham chapel was added. The south aisle was widened in the 15th century, and in the following century the top stage of the tower was built. There was a restoration in 1873–75. The south arcade is in Norman style. [4] [37]
All Saints Bolton
54°36′17″N2°33′36″W / 54.6046°N 2.5599°W / 54.6046; -2.5599 (All Saints, Bolton)
All Saints Church Bolton - geograph.org.uk - 984145.jpg
This long narrow church was built in the 12th and 13th centuries, with later alterations. It was restored in 1848. At the west end is a bellcote with a saddleback roof. The church contains Norman features, including windows and a south doorway. An early 12th-century carved stone above the doorway depicts two knights on horseback. [38] [39]
All Saints Boltongate
54°45′22″N3°11′55″W / 54.7560°N 3.1986°W / 54.7560; -3.1986 (All Saints, Boltongate)
The Parish Church of All Saints, Boltongate - geograph.org.uk - 476185.jpg
All Saints dates from the 14th century, replacing an earlier church. It is constructed in limestone; the roof of the nave is in sandstone slate, and that of the chancel is green slate. The plan consists of a nave with north and south porches, north and south transepts, a chancel and a north vestry. At the west end is a double bellcote. The architectural style is Perpendicular. The roof of the nave is a pointed barrel vault. [12] [40]
St Martin Bowness-on-Windermere
54°21′51″N2°55′16″W / 54.3641°N 2.9210°W / 54.3641; -2.9210 (St Martin, Bowness-on-Windermere)
St Martin's Church. Bowness.jpg
A chapel of ease built in 1203 was replaced by the present church in about 1483, retaining the tower base. The clerestory was probably added in the 16th century. The church was restored in 1870 by Paley and Austin, who added the saddleback roof to the tower, built the stair turret, and extended the chancel. The northeast vestry was built in 1911 by W. L. Dolman, who converted it into a chapel in 1922. Painted on the internal walls are texts dating from the 16th century, and further decoration executed by Henry Hughes in the 19th century. One of the monuments is by John Flaxman. [19] [41]
St Martin Brampton
54°56′30″N2°44′16″W / 54.9417°N 2.7379°W / 54.9417; -2.7379 (St Martin, Brampton)
St Martin's Church, Brampton.jpg
St Martin's was built in 1877–78. It is the only church designed by Pre-Raphaelite architect Philip Webb. The top stage of the tower, featuring a saddleback roof with a lead spirelet, was added in 1906 by George Jack, following Webb's design. The church is constructed in sandstone with green slate roofs. All the stained glass was made by Morris & Co. and designed by Edward Burne-Jones. The font, moved from another church, dates from the 13th century. [21] [42]
St Bridget Brigham
54°39′54″N3°25′08″W / 54.6651°N 3.4189°W / 54.6651; -3.4189 (St Bridget, Brigham)
Brigham-church.jpg
Originating in the 11th century, St Bridget's had alterations and additions in each of the following three centuries. Between 1864 and 1876, William Butterfield restored the church; this included adding the east window and the south windows of the chancel, as well as the saddleback roof on the tower. Inside, many of the furnishings and the floor tiles were designed by Butterfield. The stained glass in some of the windows was designed by Alexander Gibbs under Butterfield's direction. [20] [43]
St Mungo Bromfield
54°48′41″N3°17′02″W / 54.8114°N 3.2840°W / 54.8114; -3.2840 (St Mungo, Bromfield)
St Mungo's Church Bromfield - geograph.org.uk - 114222.jpg
St Mungo's Church dates from the 12th century, with later additions and alterations. One of the additions was the chantry chapel of St George which originated in 1395. It was suppressed at the time of the dissolution of the monasteries, and restored in 1925. The north aisle and north transept were rebuilt in 1861, creating a family chapel in the transept. The chancel was restored in 1893. On the south of the church is a re-set Norman doorway, whose tympanum consists of a re-used hogback stone. At the west end of the church is a double bellcote, and at the east end is a smaller medieval bellcote with an angelus bell. [44] [45]
St Ninian
(also known as Ninekirks)
Brougham
54°39′46″N2°41′05″W / 54.6628°N 2.6847°W / 54.6628; -2.6847 (St Ninian, Brougham)
St Ninian's - geograph.org.uk - 9511.jpg
The church originated in the Norman era, but was completely rebuilt in 1659–60 at the expense of Lady Anne Clifford. It consists of a four-bay nave and a single-bay chancel, with a west bellcote and a south porch added in the 19th century. Almost all the furnishings date from the 17th century, including a three-decker pulpit with a sounding board, the font, and box pews. The church is now redundant and in the care of the Churches Conservation Trust. [46] [47] [48]
St Michael Burgh by Sands
54°55′20″N3°02′56″W / 54.9221°N 3.0489°W / 54.9221; -3.0489 (St Michael, Burgh by Sands)
St Michael's Church, Burgh by Sands - geograph.org.uk - 351846.jpg
Built in stone from Hadrian's Wall, the church probably dates from the late 12th century. The north aisle was added in around 1200. St Michael's is a fortified church to resist Scottish raiders. During the 14th century the church was lengthened by the addition of a defensive tower at each end. There remains an internal yett or iron-barred gate to make the west tower defensible. The east tower was reduced in height in about 1713, and the church was restored in 1880–81. The west doorway is Norman, and the rest of the medieval church is Early English in style. The top of the west tower is probably Georgian. [14] [49]
St James Burton-in-Kendal
54°11′09″N2°43′16″W / 54.1859°N 2.7210°W / 54.1859; -2.7210 (St James, Burton-in-Kendal)
Church of St James, Burton - geograph.org.uk - 1308219.jpg
The lower part of the tower and the northwest corner of the nave of St James' are Norman, dating from the 12th century. Alterations and additions, including the aisles and chapels, were made during the next four centuries. The church was restored in 1844, when the chancel and north chapel were built and the clerestory added, and again in 1872. It is constructed in limestone with dressings in limestone and sandstone. The windows contain Decorated and Perpendicular tracery. [50] [51]
St Kentigern Caldbeck
54°44′58″N3°02′58″W / 54.7495°N 3.0495°W / 54.7495; -3.0495 (St Kentigern, Caldbeck)
St Kentigern's Church Caldbeck - geograph.org.uk - 504115.jpg
St Kentigern's was built in the 12th and 13th centuries, and retains features of Norman architecture in the south porch. Alterations were made in 1512, and in 1727 the west tower was built. The church was restored by C. J. Ferguson in 1880; work included rebuilding the chancel roof. In 1932–33 the clerestory was added by C. J. Fawcett Martindale. The tower is constructed in limestone, the body of the church in sandstone, and the roofs are in green slate. [52] [53]
Carlisle Cathedral Carlisle
54°53′41″N2°56′18″W / 54.8947°N 2.9384°W / 54.8947; -2.9384 (Carlisle Cathedral)
Carlisle Cathedral in snow.jpg
The cathedral originated as an Augustinian priory church in the 12th century. Repeated additions were made until the dissolution of the monasteries, following which the building was much reduced in size. Since then there have been restorations and alterations; in 1765 by Thomas Pitt, in 1852–56 by Ewan Christian, and in 1871–80 by G. E. Street. Later alterations were made under Charles Nicholson and S. E. Dykes Bower. The nave is in Norman style, and the choir is in a mixture of Early English and Decorated styles. [15] [54]
St Mary Cartmel
54°12′04″N2°57′09″W / 54.2011°N 2.9524°W / 54.2011; -2.9524 (St Mary, Cartmel)
Cartmel Priory, geograph.jpg
Cartmel Priory was founded in about 1189 by the Augustinians. Following its dissolution in 1536, the whole of the priory church became the parish church. By the beginning of the 17th century it was in poor condition, and was repaired by George Preston of Holker Hall. It was restored during the 19th century, particularly between 1857 and 1870 by E. G. Paley. The church has a cruciform plan: the tower is at the crossing, with its upper stage set diagonally. There are Norman features, including a south doorway and blocked windows. [55] [56]
St Anthony Cartmel Fell
54°17′06″N2°53′52″W / 54.2849°N 2.8977°W / 54.2849; -2.8977 (St Anthony, Cartmel Fell)
Cartmel Fell Church - geograph.org.uk - 2035718.jpg
This long, low church was built as a chapel of ease to Cartmel Priory in about 1504. Extensions were added to the north and south at the east end in about 1520. The church was restored in 1911 by John Curwen. It is constructed in roughcast stone with a slate roof. At the west end is a low tower with a saddleback roof. Inside the church is a three-sided altar rail and a three-decker pulpit. The stained glass includes fragments dating from about 1520. [57] [58]
St Andrew Crosby Garrett
54°28′56″N2°25′06″W / 54.4821°N 2.4184°W / 54.4821; -2.4184 (St Andrew, Crosby Garrett)
St Andrew's Church - geograph.org.uk - 122997.jpg
The church dates from the 11th century, with a Norman north arcade built in about 1175. The small west tower dates from the 13th century, and the chancel was rebuilt and enlarged in the following century. A north vestry was added in 1745. The north aisle was rebuilt in 1866 by E. Johnson in Norman Revival style. The tower was rebuilt in 1874, and has a low pyramidal roof and corner pinnacles. [7] [59]
St Lawrence Crosby Ravensworth
54°31′39″N2°35′11″W / 54.5274°N 2.5865°W / 54.5274; -2.5865 (St Lawrence, Crosby Ravensworth)
St Lawrence's Church - geograph.org.uk - 1635691.jpg
The oldest part of the church is at the crossing, dating from about 1190–1200. The south Norman doorway dates from the 13th century, and the west tower was built in the late 15th century. The church was remodelled twice in the 19th century; first by George Gibson in 1811–12, who added a southwest porch and a south chancel doorway. The second remodelling was carried out between 1848 and 1887 by the incumbent Revd George F. Watson in conjunction with J. S. Crowther. This included adding a new top stage to the tower, a clerestory, and transepts, and rebuilding the chancel. [8] [60]
St John the Evangelist Crosscanonby
54°44′14″N3°26′50″W / 54.7373°N 3.4472°W / 54.7373; -3.4472 (St John, Crosscanonby)
Church of St John the Evangelist, Crosscanonby - geograph.org.uk - 45399.jpg
St John's dates from the 12th century, with alterations during the following two centuries. It was restored by C. J. Ferguson in 1880. The church is constructed in sandstone blocks, some of which came from former Roman buildings. Its architecture is mainly Norman, although the south aisle is in Decorated style. In the porch are part of a 10th-century cross-shaft decorated with carvings of beasts, and a grave-cover, possibly from the 11th century. Outside the church is a 10th-century hogback stone. [9] [61]
St Andrew Dacre
54°37′55″N2°50′17″W / 54.6320°N 2.8380°W / 54.6320; -2.8380 (St Andrew, Dacre)
St Andrew's Church, Dacre - geograph.org.uk - 279394.jpg
The church was built in the 12th century, with additions in the following century. The tower was rebuilt in 1810. There were repairs in 1854 and a restoration in 1874–75. Norman features include the tower arch and the chancel windows. In the chancel is a 12th-century piscina. Also in the church are two cross-shaft fragments, one dating from the 9th century, the other from the 10th or 11th century. In addition there are monuments, one of which is by Francis Leggatt Chantrey. [62] [63]
St Oswald Dean
54°36′54″N3°26′25″W / 54.6149°N 3.4403°W / 54.6149; -3.4403 (St Oswald, Dean)
St Oswald's Church, Dean.jpg
The church dates from the 12th century, with extensions in the 13th and 15th centuries, and alterations in the 17th century. It is constructed in calciferous sandstone, and consists of a three-bay nave, a lower and narrower three-bay chancel, and a north vestry. On the east gable of the nave is a double bellcote. Inside the church are carved furnishings by Robert (Mouseman) Thompson. [64] [65]
St Mungo Dearham
54°42′50″N3°26′28″W / 54.7140°N 3.4412°W / 54.7140; -3.4412 (St Mungo, Dearham)
St Mungo's Church, Dearham.jpg
This Norman church was built in the late 12th century, with additions during the following century. The large tower, built for defence, dates from the 14th century. The north aisle was added by C. J. Ferguson in 1882. The font is Norman, and carved with dragon-like creatures. Also in the church are carved stones dating from the 10th and 11th centuries. [29] [66]
St Andrew Dent
54°16′41″N2°27′15″W / 54.2781°N 2.4542°W / 54.2781; -2.4542 (St Andrew, Dent)
St Andrew's Church, Dent.jpg
St Andrew's probably dates from the 12th century, and was enlarged and remodelled in the 16th century. The tower is said to have been added in the 18th century. In 1889–90, the church was restored by Paley, Austin and Paley. It is mainly in Perpendicular style. In the church is a memorial to the geologist Adam Sedgwick. [67] [68]
St Cuthbert Edenhall
54°40′54″N2°40′12″W / 54.6816°N 2.6700°W / 54.6816; -2.6700 (St Cuthbert, Edenhall)
A red stone church seen from the northwest with a north transept and a west tower surmounted by a battlemented parapet with machicolations and a short spire St Cuthbert's Church, Edenhall - geograph.org.uk - 225958.jpg
A red stone church seen from the northwest with a north transept and a west tower surmounted by a battlemented parapet with machicolations and a short spire
The church originated in the 12th century, with additions and alterations during each of the following three centuries. The tower was built in the middle of the 15th century. The church was repaired in 1662, and in 1834 the south porch and north vestry were added. The parapet of the tower has battlements, and structures similar to machicolations. On the summit of the tower is a short spire with a weathercock. [69] [70]
St Mary Gosforth
54°25′09″N3°25′53″W / 54.4192°N 3.4314°W / 54.4192; -3.4314 (St Mary, Gosforth)
Parish Church, Gosforth - geograph.org.uk - 48017.jpg
The oldest remaining fabric in the present church dates from the 12th century, although there has been a Christian presence since the 8th century. The church was remodelled and extended between 1896 and 1899 by C. J. Ferguson. The former south Norman doorway has been blocked with stone. The church is associated with a group of Viking sculptures dating from the early 10th century, including the Gosforth Cross. [27] [71]
St Oswald Grasmere
54°27′27″N3°01′25″W / 54.4575°N 3.0237°W / 54.4575; -3.0237 (St Oswald, Grasmere)
St Oswalds' Church, Grasmere.jpg
Dating from the 14th century, the body of the church consists of two naves, which were doubled in size between 1490 and 1500. Originally each nave had a separate roof, but these were replaced by a single roof in about 1562. The naves are divided by an arcade in two tiers; the upper tier was added when the roof was replaced. The walls and windows were restored in 1840 by George Webster. The tower is at the southeast, with walls that slope inwards. In the church is a memorial to the poet William Wordsworth by Thomas Woolner, containing an epitaph by John Keble. [72] [73]
St James Great Ormside
54°33′11″N2°27′47″W / 54.5531°N 2.4631°W / 54.5531; -2.4631 (St James, Great Ormside)
St James Church,Ormside - geograph.org.uk - 237258.jpg
The nave of St James' was built in the 11th century, with a small chancel. The defensive west tower was added in about 1200; its top was later truncated. In the early 16th century the chancel was enlarged, making it wider than the nave. The north aisle was replaced in 1723 by the Hilton chapel. During the 19th century the Norman south doorway was blocked, and replaced by a new doorway and a porch immediately to the west. The font is Norman. [30] [74]
St Mary and St Michael Great Urswick
54°09′30″N3°07′18″W / 54.1583°N 3.1218°W / 54.1583; -3.1218 (St Mary and St Michael, Urswick)
St Mary and St Michael Church, Great Urswick - geograph.org.uk - 864726.jpg
The tower of this church dates from the 13th century, and has a Perpendicular top stage. The chancel is also from the 13th century, and was lengthened during the following century. The nave and vestry date from the 14th century. The windows contain tracery in Decorated and Perpendicular styles. A west gallery was added in 1828. When the church was restored in the early 20th century, two cross shafts were found in the walls, one of which is considered to be of Viking origin. [28] [75]
St Michael and All Angels Hawkshead
54°22′26″N2°59′56″W / 54.3739°N 2.9990°W / 54.3739; -2.9990 (St Michael and All Angels, Hawkshead)
Hawkshead Church - geograph.org.uk - 641590.jpg
The church dates from the late 15th or early 16th century. The north aisle was rebuilt in 1578, becoming the Sandys Chapel, and the clerestory was added at about the same time. In about 1793 a vestry and a hearse house were added. Paintings were executed on the walls and capitals in 1680 by James Addison; these were restored in 1875–76. In the church are two memorials moved from the London Church of St Dionis Backchurch when it was demolished in the 19th century. [76] [77]
Ireby Old Church Ireby
54°44′34″N3°12′26″W / 54.7427°N 3.2071°W / 54.7427; -3.2071 (Ireby Old Church)
Ireby Old Chancel - geograph.org.uk - 257577.jpg
Only the chancel remains of this redundant church, now under the care of the Churches Conservation Trust. It was built in the 12th century and contains some Norman features. The nave, north aisle and porch were demolished in 1845–46. What remained was restored in 1880 by Ewan Christian. The chancel is constructed in blocks of sandstone and limestone, and has a green slate roof. [78] [79] [80]
St Michael Isel
54°41′16″N3°18′03″W / 54.6879°N 3.3009°W / 54.6879; -3.3009 (St Michael, Isel)
Isel Church - geograph.org.uk - 212448.jpg
Originating in the 12th century, the south doorway of the church and the chancel arch are in Norman style. The church was restored in 1878 by C. J. Ferguson. It is constructed in calciferous sandstone with slate roofs. The church consists of a four-bay nave with a south porch and a double bellcote, and a three-bay chancel with a north vestry. [81] [82]
Holy Trinity Kendal
54°19′21″N2°44′39″W / 54.3225°N 2.7443°W / 54.3225; -2.7443 (Holy Trinity, Kendal)
Holy Trinity Church, Kendal, Cumbria - geograph.org.uk - 929632.jpg
The church dates from the 13th century, but its present appearance is mainly the result of extensive restorations by J. S. Crowther between 1850 and 1868. It is the largest church in Cumbria, and has five aisles. Other than the west porch, and a north vestry added in 1934, the plan is a rectangle, the aisles embracing the west tower and the chancel. The architectural style is Perpendicular. In the church is a memorial to the painter George Romney. [83] [84]
St Peter Kirkbampton
54°53′53″N3°05′05″W / 54.8980°N 3.0848°W / 54.8980; -3.0848 (St Peter, Kirkbampton)
Parish Church of St Peter, Kirkbampton - geograph.org.uk - 118252.jpg
St Peter's dates from the 12th century, and contains Norman architecture. It was restored in 1870–71, and again in 1882. During these restorations, carved and inscribed stones from the nearby Roman Hadrian's Wall were found incorporated in the fabric of the south wall. The windows include stained glass designed by William Morris and Edward Burne-Jones. [26] [85]
St Mary Kirkby Lonsdale
54°12′13″N2°35′51″W / 54.2037°N 2.5975°W / 54.2037; -2.5975 (St Mary, Kirkby Lonsdale)
The west end of a stone church with the west tower embraced in the body of the church, a Norman west doorway and battlemented parapets St Mary's Church, Kirkby Lonsdale - geograph.org.uk - 734216.jpg
The west end of a stone church with the west tower embraced in the body of the church, a Norman west doorway and battlemented parapets
This church with a south aisle and two north aisles was built between the 12th and 16th centuries. Alterations were made in the 18th century and in 1807. A restoration was carried out in 1866 by E. G. Paley, which included raising the roofs and adding the south porch. Norman features include three doorways and the north arcade. [86] [10] [87]
St Mary Lanercost
54°57′58″N2°41′42″W / 54.9662°N 2.6949°W / 54.9662; -2.6949 (St Mary, Lanercost)
Lanercost Priory, West Front, Cumbria.JPG
St Mary's has been converted from the nave of Lanercost Priory, the building of which started during the later part of the 1170s. After the dissolution of the monasteries, the building was in ruins until the nave was re-roofed in 1739–40. The church is constructed in sandstone taken from the nearby Hadrian's Wall. It was restored between 1847 and 1849 by Anthony Salvin, and a further restoration was carried out in the 1870s by C. J. Ferguson. The internal furnishings are mainly by Salvin and Ferguson. The stained glass in the north aisle windows was designed by Edward Burne-Jones and made by Morris & Co. [88] [89]
St Margaret and St James Long Marton
54°36′36″N2°31′04″W / 54.6100°N 2.5178°W / 54.6100; -2.5178 (St Margaret and St James, Long Marton)
Long Marton Church.jpg
In the nave of St Margaret and St James' are Saxon and Norman features, including windows, and doorways with tympana containing carvings. The tower was probably built in the early 12th century, and the chancel was extended later that century. The south transept was added in the 15th century, and a vestry in the following century. The church was restored in 1880 by John A. Cory. [90] [91]
Holy Trinity Millom
54°13′15″N3°16′22″W / 54.2207°N 3.2729°W / 54.2207; -3.2729 (Holy Trinity, Millom)
Millom Castle and Holy Trinity Church - geograph.org.uk - 540503.jpg
The nave and chancel of Holy Trinity date from the late 12th century, including a Norman north doorway. The south aisle was added early the following century, and was substantially enlarged in about 1335. A porch was added in 1906. The chancel was widened during a 1930 restoration, when part of a cross shaft dating from the 10th or 11th century was found built into the chancel wall. Inside the church, all the pews are box pews, and there are monuments, the oldest dating from 1484. [92] [93]
St Laurence Morland
54°35′47″N2°37′25″W / 54.5965°N 2.6235°W / 54.5965; -2.6235 (St Laurence, Morland)
Morland Church - geograph.org.uk - 59670.jpg
The tower of St Laurence's is the only Anglo-Saxon tower in the northwest of England. It was raised in height probably in 1588, and a lead-covered spire was added later. The church has a cruciform plan with Norman features. Aisles were added in the late 12th century, and the transepts in about 1225 in Early English style. In 1600 the chancel was rebuilt with Perpendicular windows. The north aisle was rebuilt in the 18th century with Georgian windows. The church was restored in 1896 by C. J. Ferguson. [5] [94]
St Michael Muncaster
54°21′24″N3°22′49″W / 54.3568°N 3.3803°W / 54.3568; -3.3803 (St Michael, Muncaster)
St Michael and All Angels Church, Muncaster - geograph.org.uk - 523812.jpg
St Michael's stands in the grounds of Muncaster Castle, and dates from the 16th century. It was restored in 1873 by Anthony Salvin, who added the north transept in Decorated style, as well as battlements. Its plan consists of a four-bay nave, a three-bay chancel and a north transept. On the west gable is a double bellcote, and on the east gable is a Sanctus bellcote. [18] [95]
St John Newton Arlosh
54°53′08″N3°15′02″W / 54.8855°N 3.2506°W / 54.8855; -3.2506 (St John, Newton Arlosh)
Church of St John, Newton Arlosh - geograph.org.uk - 1265370.jpg
Built in about 1303 by the monks of Holm Cultram Abbey, this fortified church fell into ruin after the Dissolution of the Monasteries. In 1844 Sarah Losh restored the church and extended it to the north. In 1894 the orientation of the church was changed, turning it to the north, making the former nave into a narthex, the extension into the body of the church, and the former east apse into a vestry. The church had a defensive rôle to resist Scottish raiders, with the tower acting as a pele tower. [31] [96]
St Andrew Penrith
54°39′51″N2°45′04″W / 54.6642°N 2.7512°W / 54.6642; -2.7512 (St Andrew, Penrith)
The tower of St Andrew's Church Penrith - geograph.org.uk - 1561838.jpg
The lower part of the tower of St Andrew's was built in the 12th and 13th centuries, and the top stage was altered between 1460 and 1470. In 1720 the body of the church and the west doorway were rebuilt in Georgian style. Inside the church are galleries on three sides, carried on Tuscan columns, and paintings on the walls. [17] [97]
St Oswald Ravenstonedale
54°25′59″N2°25′47″W / 54.4330°N 2.4296°W / 54.4330; -2.4296 (St Oswald, Ravenstonedale)
Ravenstonedale St Oswald's church.jpg
The tower of St Oswald's was rebuilt in 1738, and the rest of the church in 1744. It replaced an older church and re-used some of its material, including the outer doorway of the former south porch, which dated from about 1200. The church consists of a west tower, a nave without aisles, and a chancel. Inside is a west gallery. The seating is arranged in the manner of a college chapel, facing inwards, and consists of six raked ranks of box pews. In the middle of the north side is a three-decker pulpit with a sounding board. [98] [99]
St Mary and St Bega St Bees
54°29′38″N3°35′36″W / 54.4939°N 3.5934°W / 54.4939; -3.5934 (St Mary and St Bega, St Bees)
StBeesPriory.JPG
St Bees Priory was founded on an existing religious site as a Benedictine priory by William Meschin sometime after 1120. Following its dissolution in 1539 the roof of the chancel was removed but the nave was retained in use as the parish church. It was repaired in 1611 and 1622. Between 1855 and the 1880s William Butterfield carried out remodelling and restoration that included re-roofing the transepts and aisles, and he re-built the upper tower in a bold Romanesque style. The fine west doorway is Norman dating from about 1140. Much of the internal furnishings are by Butterfield. [100] [101]
St Andrew Sedbergh
54°19′23″N2°31′43″W / 54.3231°N 2.5285°W / 54.3231; -2.5285 (St Andrew, Sedbergh)
St Andrew's Church, Sedbergh.jpeg
The church dates from about 1500. It was restored in 1886 by Paley and Austin. The church contains fabric from earlier periods. Its plan consists of a nave with a clerestory, north and south aisles, the north aisle extending into the vestry and the south aisle into a chapel, a chancel, and a three-stage west tower. Inside the church the arcades differ, the south having six bays, and the north eight. [102] [103]
St Michael Torpenhow
54°44′49″N3°14′07″W / 54.7469°N 3.2353°W / 54.7469; -3.2353 (St Michael, Torpenhow)
St Michael's Church, Torpenhow.jpg
St Michael's originated in the early 12th century and contains Norman features, including a south doorway, the arcades, the chancel arch, and the font. The north transept dates from the 13th century, and the west bellcote probably from the 17th century. In 1689 the nave ceiling was painted by Thomas Addison. The church was restored between 1880 and 1882 by John A. Cory, who also added the south porch. [11] [104]
St Columba Warcop
54°32′10″N2°23′56″W / 54.5360°N 2.3988°W / 54.5360; -2.3988 (St Columba, Warcop)
St Columba's Church, Warcop.jpg
The church dates from the 12th century, and contains Norman features in the north wall of the nave. Later alterations and additions resulted in the presence of Early English and Perpendicular features. The chancel was rebuilt in 1854–55 by J. S. Crowther. The church has a cruciform plan, each transept containing a piscina. [105] [106]
St James Whitehaven
54°33′03″N3°35′00″W / 54.5508°N 3.5834°W / 54.5508; -3.5834 (St James, Whitehaven)
St James Church, Whitehaven - geograph.org.uk - 1270290.jpg
Built between 1752 and 1773, this church is in Georgian style. It was designed by Carlisle Spedding (or possibly by Christopher Myers). The apse was restored in 1871, and the church was reordered by C. J. Ferguson in 1886. A baptistry was created in 1921. There are galleries on three sides, and the ceiling contains roundels painted with depictions of the Annunciation and the Ascension. [16] [107]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">St Andrew's Church, Aikton</span> Church in Cumbria, England

St Andrew's Church stands near the village of Aikton, Cumbria, England. It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Carlisle, the archdeaconry of Carlisle, and the diocese of Carlisle. Its benefice is united with those of St Michael, Burgh by Sands, St Mary, Kirkandrews-on-Eden with Beaumont, and St Peter, Kirkbampton. The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">St Peter's Church, Kirkbampton</span> Church in Cumbria, England

St. Peter's Church is in the village of Kirkbampton, Cumbria, England. It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Carlisle, the archdeaconry of Carlisle, and the diocese of Carlisle. Its benefice is united with those of St Andrew, Aikton, St Mary, Kirkandrews-on-Eden with Beaumont, and St Michael, Burgh by Sands. The church contains Norman architecture and is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building.

Joseph Stretch Crowther was an English architect who practised in Manchester. His buildings are mainly located in Manchester, Cheshire and Cumbria.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">St Michael's Church, Burgh by Sands</span> Church in Cumbria, England

St Michael's Church is in the village of Burgh by Sands, Cumbria, England. It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Carlisle, the archdeaconry of Carlisle, and the diocese of Carlisle. Its benefice is united with those of St Andrew, Aikton, St Mary, Kirkandrews-on-Eden with Beaumont, and St Peter, Kirkbampton. The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building. It is a fortified church standing on the line of Hadrian's Wall, and is unique in having had two fortified towers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">St Mary's Church, Gosforth</span> Church in Cumbria, England

St Mary's Church in the village of Gosforth, Cumbria, England, is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Calder, the archdeaconry of West Cumberland, and the diocese of Carlisle. Its benefice is united with those of St Olaf, Wasdale Head, and St Michael, Nether Wasdale. The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building. It is associated with "a unique Viking-age assemblage" of carved stones.

Plumbland is a civil parish in the Cumberland unitary authority area of Cumbria, England. It contains eleven listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these, one is listed at Grade II*, the middle of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade. The parish contains the village of Plumbland and the settlements of Threapland, Parsonby and Arkleby, and is otherwise rural. The listed buildings include houses and associated structures, a church, a dovecote, a bridge, a farmhouse, and a school later used as a village hall.

Arlecdon and Frizington is a civil parish in the Borough of Copeland, Cumbria, England. It contains seven listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these, one is listed at Grade II*, the middle of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade. The parish contains the villages of Arlecdon, Rowrah and Frizington, and the surrounding countryside. The oldest listed building is a medieval cross, which is also a scheduled monument. The other listed buildings are a church and associated structures, a country house and its gate piers, and a former stable block.

Gosforth is a civil parish in the Borough of Copeland, Cumbria, England. It contains 18 buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these, one is listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, three are at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade. The parish contains the village of Gosforth and the surrounding countryside. The listed buildings include houses and associated structures, farmhouses, farm buildings, a church and structures in the churchyard, a boundary stone, and a milestone.

Muncaster is a civil parish in the Borough of Copeland, Cumbria, England. It contains 14 buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these, two are listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, one is at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade. The parish contains the coastal village of Ravenglass and countryside to the east. The most important building in the parish is Muncaster Castle; this and buildings associated with it, including St Michael's Church and associated structures, are listed. The other listed buildings are houses, farmhouses, farm buildings, and a war memorial.

Urswick is a civil parish in the South Lakeland District of Cumbria, England. It contains eleven listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these, one is listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade. The parish contains the villages of Great Urswick, Little Urswick, Bardsea, and Stainton with Adgarley, and is otherwise rural. The listed buildings consist of houses, two churches, a monument and a sundial in a churchyard, and a monument on a hilltop,

References

Citations

  1. Local Government Act 1972, National Archives, archived from the original on 11 October 2012, retrieved 21 December 2012
  2. Consultation Process, Historic England, archived from the original on 16 July 2015, retrieved 10 July 2015
  3. Listed Buildings, Historic England, archived from the original on 2 April 2015, retrieved 25 March 2015
  4. 1 2 Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 149–150
  5. 1 2 Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 531–533
  6. 1 2 Hyde & Pevsner (2010), p. 144
  7. 1 2 Hyde & Pevsner (2010), p. 307
  8. 1 2 Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 307–309
  9. 1 2 Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 311–313
  10. 1 2 Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 458–461
  11. 1 2 Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 639–640
  12. 1 2 Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 158–159
  13. 1 2 Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 104–105
  14. 1 2 Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 202–203
  15. 1 2 Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 224–235
  16. 1 2 Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 673–674
  17. 1 2 Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 565–566
  18. 1 2 Hyde & Pevsner (2010), p. 534
  19. 1 2 Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 165–167
  20. 1 2 Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 185–186
  21. 1 2 Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 177–179
  22. McMillan (2010), pp. 3–8
  23. Clifton-Taylor (2010), pp. 8–12
  24. 1 2 Hyde & Pevsner (2010), p. 90
  25. Hyde & Pevsner (2010), p. 202
  26. 1 2 Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 454–455
  27. 1 2 Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 367–369
  28. 1 2 Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 653–655
  29. 1 2 Hyde & Pevsner (2010), p. 331
  30. 1 2 Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 557–558
  31. 1 2 Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 554–555
  32. Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 87–88
  33. Historic England, "Church of St Mary, Abbeytown (1144608)", National Heritage List for England , retrieved 18 May 2012
  34. Historic England, "Church of St Andrew, Aikton (1327139)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 19 May 2012
  35. Historic England, "Parish Church of St Lawrence, Appleby-in-Westmorland (1312067)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 19 May 2012
  36. Historic England, "Church of St Michael, Barton (1326830)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 19 May 2012
  37. Historic England, "Church of St Michael, Beetham (1137740)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 17 May 2012
  38. Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 156–157
  39. Historic England, "Church of All Saints, Bolton (1213959)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 18 May 2012
  40. Historic England, "Church of All Saints, Boltons (1312157)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 19 May 2012
  41. Historic England, "Church of St Martin, Windermere (1332562)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 20 May 2012
  42. Historic England, "Church of St Martin, Brampton (1137170)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 17 May 2012
  43. Historic England, "Church of St Bridget, Brigham (1145196)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 18 May 2012
  44. Hyde & Pevsner (2010), p. 187
  45. Historic England, "Church of St Mungo, Bromfield (1235049)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 19 May 2012
  46. Hyde & Pevsner (2010), p. 196
  47. Historic England, "Church of St Ninian, Ninekirks, Brougham (1326778)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 19 May 2012
  48. St Ninan's Church, Brougham, Cumbria, Churches Conservation Trust, archived from the original on 10 May 2016, retrieved 19 May 2012
  49. Historic England, "Church of St Michael, Burgh by Sands (1367134)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 20 May 2012
  50. Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 208–209
  51. Historic England, "Church of St James, Burton-in-Kendal (1335703)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 20 May 2012
  52. Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 210–211
  53. Historic England, "Church of St Kentigern, Caldbeck (1327205)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 19 May 2012
  54. Historic England, "Cathedral Church of the Holy and Undivided Trinity, Carlisle (1208430)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 18 May 2012
  55. Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 267–272
  56. Historic England, "Priory Church of St Mary, Lower Allithwaite (1335798)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 20 May 2012
  57. Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 273–274
  58. Historic England, "Church of St Anthony, Cartmel Fell (1224955)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 18 May 2012
  59. Historic England, "Church of St Andrew, Crosby Garrett (1326924)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 19 May 2012
  60. Historic England, "Church of St Lawrence, Crosby Ravensworth (1311870)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 19 May 2012
  61. Historic England, "Church of St John, Crosscanonby (1235084)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 19 May 2012
  62. Hyde & Pevsner (2010), p. 320
  63. Historic England, "Church of St Andrew, Dacre (1145531)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 18 May 2012
  64. Hyde & Pevsner (2010), p. 329
  65. Historic England, "Church of St Oswald, Dean (1145164)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 18 May 2012
  66. Historic England, "Church of St Mungo, Dearham (1144506)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 18 May 2012
  67. Price (1998), p. 90
  68. Historic England, "Church of St Andrew, Dent (1383978)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 20 May 2012
  69. Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 337–338
  70. Historic England, "Church of St Cuthbert, Langwathby (1145341)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 18 May 2012
  71. Historic England, "Church of St Mary, Gosforth (1063710)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 15 May 2012
  72. Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 374–375
  73. Historic England, "Church of St Oswald, Grasmere (1245157)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 19 May 2012
  74. Historic England, "Church of St James, Ormside (1288923)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 19 May 2012
  75. Historic England, "Church of St Mary and St Michael, Urswick (1086801)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 17 May 2012
  76. Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 398–399
  77. Historic England, "Church of St Michael and All Saints, Hawkshead (1087259)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 17 May 2012
  78. Hyde & Pevsner (2010), p. 421
  79. Historic England, "Ireby Old Church (1144424)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 18 May 2012
  80. Old Chancel, Ireby, Cumbria, Churches Conservation Trust, archived from the original on 12 May 2016, retrieved 18 May 2012
  81. Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 423–424
  82. Historic England, "Church of St Michael, Blindcrake (1145219)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 18 May 2012
  83. Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 428–430
  84. Historic England, "Church of The Holy Trinity, Kirkgate, Kendal (1319009)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 19 May 2012
  85. Historic England, "Church of St Peter, Kirkbampton (1137108)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 17 May 2012
  86. Brandwood et al. (2012), p. 221
  87. Historic England, "Church of St Mary, Kirkby Lonsdale (1145774)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 18 May 2012
  88. Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 479–485
  89. Historic England, "Church of St Mary, Burtholme (1335636)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 20 May 2012
  90. Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 499–500
  91. Historic England, "Church of St Margaret and St James, Long Marton (1075165)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 16 May 2012
  92. Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 523–524
  93. Historic England, "Church of Holy Trinity, Millom (1086617)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 16 May 2012
  94. Historic England, "Church of St Laurence, Morland (1226108)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 18 May 2012
  95. Historic England, "Church of St Michael and All Angels, Muncaster (1356113)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 20 May 2012
  96. Historic England, "Church of St John the Baptist, Newton Arlosh (1212611)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 18 May 2012
  97. Historic England, "Parish Church of St Andrew, Eden (1145048)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 18 May 2012
  98. Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 585–586
  99. Historic England, "Church of St Oswald, Ravenstonedale (1311289)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 19 May 2012
  100. Hyde & Pevsner (2010), pp. 596–599
  101. Historic England, "Church of St Mary and St Bega, St Bees (1336027)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 20 May 2012
  102. Price (1998), p. 87
  103. Historic England, "Church of St Andrew, Sedbergh (1384191)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 20 May 2012
  104. Historic England, "Church of St Michael, Blennerhasset and Torpenhow (1327240)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 20 May 2012
  105. Hyde & Pevsner (2010), p. 660
  106. Historic England, "Church of St Columba, Warcop (1137446)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 17 May 2012
  107. Historic England, "Church of St James the Greater, Copeland (1086747)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 16 May 2012

Sources