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Juan Serrano Oteiza, or Juan Serrano y Oteyza (6 May 1837, in Madrid – 26 March 1886, in Madrid) was a Spanish jurist, writer and politician; one of the most prominent anarchists in 19th century Spain. [1]
His father taught him the craft of fan making, but he devoted his life to political activism. It is not known if he received any formal legal training. He may have been a notary, but this has not been firmly established.
He began his political involvement with the Federal Democratic Republican Party. [2] Later, he joined "Fomento de las Artes", a center for popular education, becoming its First Secretary and one of its most influential members. [3]
In 1869, under the influence of Giuseppe Fanelli, he became one of the first members of the new provisional section of the First International (AIT) in Madrid, [4] Following the dissolution of that organization in 1873, he and Tomás González Morago established El Orden (The Command), a clandestine journal that was published from 1875 to 1878. [5]
In 1881, the "Federación de Trabajadores de la Región Española" (FTRE), a legal organization, was established. It operated until 1888. Serrano represented Madrid at the group's meetings from 1882 to 1885. [3] From 1881 to 1884, he was also the manager of the Revista Social; considered to be the voice of the FTRE. [6]
In addition to his journalistic work, he was a prolific writer on social and legal issues. His best work is generally considered to be the utopian novel Pensativo (roughly, "Thinkable") which was widely distributed and, in 1885, won first prize at the "Primer Certamen Socialista"; a promotion of the FTRE in Reus. [3] Its narrative involves a group of people who explore and settle an inhospitable valley; transforming it into the "promised paradise" by employing collectivist principles.
Javier Paniagua Fuentes is a Spanish writer and politician for the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE).
La Revista Blanca was a Spanish individualist anarchist magazine of sociology and arts published in Madrid by Joan Montseny and Teresa Mañé from 1898 to 1905 and in Barcelona from 1 June 1923 till 15 August 1936.
Ricardo Mella Cea was one of the early writers, intellectuals and anarchist activists of the late 19th and early 20th centuries in Spain. He was characterized as an erudite in various subjects and versed in languages, mastering French, English and Italian. Federica Montseny said "He is considered the deepest, most penetrating and most lucid of the Spanish anarchist thinkers". He was the father of feminist activist Urania Mella and socialist politician Ricardo Mella Serrano.
Ángel Cappelletti was a philosopher and university professor. He was born in Rosario. He studied philosophy at the Universidad Nacional de Buenos Aires where he also received his PhD in 1954. He moved to Venezuela in 1968 and began teaching at the Simon Bolivar University until his retirement in 1994, when he returned to Rosario. During his career he translated works from Greek and Latin and composed numerous works on ancient philosophy as well as on the subjects as positivism and anarchism in Latin America.
Anarchism in Venezuela has historically played a fringe role in the country's politics, being consistently smaller and less influential than equivalent movements in much of the rest of South America. It has, however, had a certain impact on the country's cultural and political evolution.
Teresa Mañé i Miravet (1865–1939), also known by her pen name Soledad Gustavo, was a Catalan teacher, editor and writer. As a proponent of progressive education, Mañé founded some of the first secular schools in Catalonia. With her husband Joan Montseny, she edited the magazine La Revista Blanca, in which she elaborated her ideas on anarchism, feminism and pedagogy. Her daughter Frederica Montseny i Mañé went on to become a leading figure in the Spanish anarchist movement and the Minister of Health of the Second Spanish Republic.
Joan Montseny i Carret (1864–1942), who also wrote under the pseudonym Federico Urales, was a Catalan anarchist activist and journalist from Spain.
Rafael Núñez Florencio is a Spanish historian, philosopher, and critic.
The Black Hand was a presumed secret, anarchist organization based in the Andalusian region of Spain and best known as the perpetrators of murders, arson, and crop fires in the early 1880s. The events associated with the Black Hand took place in 1882 and 1883 amidst class struggle in the Andalusian countryside, the spread of anarcho-communism distinct from collectivist anarchism, and differences between legalists and illegalists in the Federación de Trabajadores de la Región Española.
Josep Termes i Ardèvol was a Catalan historian.
The Spanish Regional Federation of the International Workingmen's Association, known by its Spanish abbreviation FRE-AIT, was the Spanish chapter of the socialist working class organization commonly known today as the First International. The FRE-AIT was active between 1870 and 1881 and was influential not only in the labour movement of Spain, but also in the emerging global anarchist school of thought.
The Anarchist Organization of the Spanish Region was an anarchist organization founded in 1888 during the last congress of the Federation of Workers of the Spanish Region (FTRE), held in Valencia. It had an ephemeral life as it disappeared the following year.
The Union and Solidarity Pact was a Spanish labor organization founded in 1888, which succeeded the Federation of Workers of the Spanish Region. It was valid until 1896.
The Federation of Resistance Societies of the Spanish Region was an anarchist workers' federation founded in 1900 and extinguished in 1907, when it was succeeded by Solidaridad Obrera. It was also called New FTRE, as it was also the successor to the Federation of Workers of the Spanish Region.
The 1881 Barcelona Workers' Congress was a congress of the workers' societies of Spain held in Barcelona in September 1881, during the reign of Alfonso XII, from which the new Federation of Workers of the Spanish Region emerged, with an anarcho-collectivist tendency, which replaced the Spanish Regional Federation of the International Workingmen's Association (FRE-AIT) founded eleven years earlier in a labor congress also held in Barcelona.
The Disinherited was a Spanish clandestine anarchist group that defended the use of violence framed in the doctrine of propaganda of the deed.
The Seville Congress was the Second Congress of the newly created Federation of Workers of the Spanish Region held in Seville in September 1882.
La Solidaridad was an anarchist weekly newspaper from Madrid, founded by Anselmo Lorenzo in 1870.
Francesc Tomàs Oliver was a Spanish anarchist, a bricklayer by profession, who said that the labor movement had to be led by "workers with calluses on their hands." A member of the Federal Commission of the Spanish Regional Federation of the International Workingmen's Association (1870-1881) and of its successor the Federation of Workers of the Spanish Region (1881-1888), he was the author of the first history of the beginnings of anarchism in Spain in the form of 16 articles that appeared in La Revista Social between December 27, 1883 and January 15, 1885 with the title Del nacimiento de las ideas anárquico-colectivista en España.
Tierra y Libertad is an anarchist periodical active in various incarnations. Initially published in Spain, it was later published in Mexico by Spanish exiles.
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