Kate Chopin House (Cloutierville, Louisiana)

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Kate Chopin House
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LocationMain St. (LA 1),
Cloutierville, Louisiana
Coordinates 31°32′26.04″N92°55′1.53″W / 31.5405667°N 92.9170917°W / 31.5405667; -92.9170917
NRHP reference No. 93001601
Significant dates
Added to NRHPApril 19, 1993 [1]
Designated NHLApril 19, 1993 [2]
Removed from NRHPDecember 28, 2015
Delisted NHLDecember 28, 2015

The Kate Chopin House, also known as the Bayou Folk Museum or Alexis Cloutier House, was a house in Cloutierville, Louisiana. It was the home of Kate Chopin, author of The Awakening, after her marriage.

Contents

Overview

The house was located on Main Street (Louisiana Highway 1) in Cloutierville, in Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana. The home was built by the town's founder, Alexis Cloutier [3] and was constructed using a combination of handmade brick, hand-hewn cypress boards, and bousillage. [4] Its construction, done through the use of slave labor, dated to between 1806 and 1813. [5]

Kate Chopin moved here with her husband Oscar and their five children in 1879. Her sixth child, a daughter named Lélia, was born here shortly after the family's arrival. [6] Oscar set up a general store and ran the business end of the family plantation. Shortly after their arrival in Cloutierville, he inherited a quarter of the family property. [7]

Chopin would later describe the neighborhood in her 1891 short story "For Marse Chouchoute" as "two long rows of very old frame houses, facing each other closely across a dusty roadway". [8] Neighbors, mostly of French-Creole descent, did not approve of Chopin's fashion and tendency to smoke cigarettes, play cards, and go for walks alone. [3] Local gossip also suggested that Chopin lifted her skirt higher than necessary when walking, showing her ankles. [7]

Kate Chopin only lived here for about four years when her husband died. [9] Oscar Chopin had suffered from malaria and overdosed on quinine, leading to his wife Kate to take over the business. [7] However, she soon left the home and relocated to St. Louis, Missouri by mid-1884 to be with her mother. She left her sons with the family of her husband in Cloutierville. [10]

Chopin used some of her experience in the town for inspiration for several of her writings, including Bayou Folk, A Night in Acadie, and The Awakening. [6]

Modern history

Ruins of the house after the 2008 fire Kate Chopin House Ruins.jpg
Ruins of the house after the 2008 fire

The house was opened as a museum in 1979. [3] It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1993 for its association with Kate Chopin's life and her use of area happenings as source for bayou life covered in much of her writings. [2] [11] Though the building was restored, the wainscoting was original, as were many of the glass panes. A collection of Chopin artifacts was displayed in one of the basement rooms. [4] The museum, known as the Bayou Folk Museum (in part because of Chopin's book of the same name), was run by the Association for Preservation of Historic Natchitoches. [5]

The house was destroyed in a fire on October 1, 2008. [12] [13] Though the cause of the fire was not determined, the home's destruction inspired the use of preventative measures at other historic structures in Louisiana. [14] Its National Historic Landmark designation and National Register of Historic Places listing were withdrawn in December 2015.

See also

Related Research Articles

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Emily Toth, a Robert Penn Warren Professor of English and Women's Studies at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge, is a scholar, novelist, advice columnist, and feminist activist. She earned her PhD from Johns Hopkins University. Toth's scholarly work includes over 300 articles and papers about academic mentoring, Louisiana literature and culture, women's humor, and music; biographies of the American women writers Kate Chopin and Grace Metalious; a cultural history of menstruation; edited collections of Chopin's papers and last short story collection, and a volume of essays about regionalism in women's writing. Toth's historical novel Daughters of New Orleans (1983) was named a "Best Feminist Historical Novel" by Romantic Times in 1984. Toth was also the founder and editor of the journal Regionalism and the Female Imagination from 1975-1979 and on the editorial board of the journal Southern Studies.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kate Chopin House (St. Louis, Missouri)</span> Historic house in Missouri, United States

The Kate Chopin House, located at 4232 McPherson Avenue in St. Louis, Missouri, is the former home of author Kate Chopin. The house was built in 1897 by contractor Oscar F. Humphrey. Chopin moved to the house in 1903 and lived there until her death in 1904; while living in the house, she wrote her last poem and story. Chopin grew up in St. Louis before moving to Louisiana with her husband; after his death, she returned to St. Louis, where she began her writing career. Her stories discussed the evolving role of women in American society, and contemporary literary critics considered her one of the most significant St. Louis authors of the period. The house at 4232 McPherson is her only surviving former residence in St. Louis.

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References

  1. "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places . National Park Service. January 23, 2007.
  2. 1 2 "Kate Chopin House". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Archived from the original on January 14, 2009. Retrieved January 27, 2008.
  3. 1 2 3 Schmidt and Rendon, p. 34.
  4. 1 2 Baldwin, p. 66.
  5. 1 2 Baldwin, p. 64.
  6. 1 2 Leeper, Clare D'Artois. Louisiana Place Names: Popular, Unusual, and Forgotten Stories of Towns, Cities, Plantations, Bayous, and Even Some Cemeteries. Louisiana State University Press, 2012: 69. ISBN   978-0-8071-4738-2
  7. 1 2 3 Baldwin, p. 65.
  8. Toth, p. 82.
  9. Schmidt and Rendon, p. 35.
  10. Toth, p. 100.
  11. Jill S. Mesirow and Page Putnam Miller (June 24, 1992), National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Kate Chopin House (pdf), National Park Service and Accompanying 10 photos, exterior and interior, from 1992.  (948 KB)
  12. "200-Year-Old Kate Chopin House in La. Burns Down". New York Times. Associated Press. Retrieved October 1, 2008.[ dead link ]
  13. "Historic Cloutierville landmark burns". The Times (Shreveport) . October 2, 2008. p. 9. Retrieved July 5, 2022 via Newspapers.com.
  14. Millhollo, Michelle. "Training for flames", The Advocate. January 20, 2014.

Sources