Komering people

Last updated
Komering
  • Orang Komering
  • Jolma Kumoring
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Drie ongehuwde jonge vrouwen uit Komering TMnr 10005250.jpg
Three Komering girls in 1929
Total population
530,000 [1]
Regions with significant populations
Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia (South Sumatra)
Languages
Native
Komering
Also
Indonesian   Palembang Malay
Religion
Islam
Related ethnic groups
Lampung, Palembang, Malay

The Komering (Indonesian : Orang Komering; Komering: Jolma Kumoring) are an ethnic group that inhabits along the Komering River in South Sumatra province.

Contents

The Komering [2] tribe is a Lampungic ethnic group originating from Kepaksian Sekala Brak in Lampung. There are around 530,000 Komering people throughout Indonesia, they are often found along the Komering River which crosses several areas such as; East Ogan Komering Ulu, Ogan Komering Ilir, and South Ogan Komering Ulu regencies in South Sumatra province.

Etymology

In general, the name Komering is taken from one of the tributaries of the Musi River, namely the Komering River, which indicates that this area is Komering's territory. As also written by Zawawi Kamil (Menggali Babad & Sedjarah Lampung) it is mentioned in the Komering Minanga dialect poem;

"Adat lembaga sai ti pakaisa buasal jak Belasa Kapampang, Sajaman rik tanoh Pagaruyung pemerintah Bundo Kandung, Cakak di Gunung Pesagi rogoh di Sekala Berak, Sangon kok turun temurun jak ninik puyang paija, Cambai urai ti usung dilom adat pusako".

"The customs used by this institution originate from Belasa Kepampang (Branched Jackfruit), contemporary with the Pagaruyung realm of the Bundo Kandung government (12th century) in Minangkabau, going up Mount Pesagi down at Sekala Berak. Indeed, it has been passed down from ancient ancestors, Betel nut is carried inside inheritance customs, if you are not good at the rules, it is a sign of being stateless".

Culture

House and Architecture

Most Komering people have houses called stilt houses, these houses are suitable for the geographical conditions where the Komering people are located. Generally, these stilt houses are called Rumah Ulu or ulu house.

1. Usually the pillars of this house are quite high, or higher than 1 meter.
2. It has a triangular or trapezoidal roof, sometimes it also resembles a pyramid.
3. Has a central room (kakudan and haluan), terrace or (garang), bedrooms, stair (ijan), and kitchen (pawon).
4. The area under the house is usually used as a warehouse, or a place to store firewood and agricultural products, sometimes livestock pens are built here. In modern culture this is no longer used, people usually build under their house as a new room so that the house has two floors.
5. For ancient ulu houses (lambahan bahari) the windows (rawang tingkap) are usually made of wood, while nowadays glass is more commonly used. The reason is because wood rots easily and can be eaten by termites, while using glass is more economical and easy to get in specialty glass shops.
6. Usually there is a special place in the corner of the house where the floor is usually not made of planks but made of bamboo slats, this place is where corpses are washed in the Islamic way. Because in ancient times there were no special tools for bathing corpses, and it was impossible to raise and lower corpses just to wash them.
7. Ancient Ulu houses usually have a fairly large size, because this house is multifunctional, such as wedding ceremonies, traditional parties, and deliberations held in the central room (kakudan and haluan).

Food dan Cuisine

1. Komering's typical food is Sambal Jok-jok, this chili sauce is made from grilled shrimp paste, chilies, sugar, salt, tamarind and orange juice. This chili sauce is usually eaten with grilled fish, fresh vegetables and warm rice.
2. Kasuran, Kasuran is a type of lontong which is only rolled up like a mattress. Kasuran is usually eaten during the Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha holidays.

Language

Komering people generally use Komering language as a means of communication at home, at school teachers also often teach in this language, even though Komering itself is not the official language at school. As for using Palembang Malay when meeting people from outside the area or when they are out of the area, Palembang Malay is the lingua franca in the province of South Sumatra. and there are also those who use Indonesian, usually they are Komering who have lived in urban areas for a long time.

Religion

The religion of the Komering people is Islam. In the past the religions of the Komering people before the arrival of Islam were Animism, Buddhism and Hinduism. Islam has been spread by immigrants from Java, and increasingly rapidly under the rule of the Palembang Darussalam Sultanate. While other religions such as Christianity are also adhered to, Komering's Christian followers are a small minority of the population.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Palembang</span> City and capital of South Sumatra, Indonesia

Palembang is the capital city of the Indonesian province of South Sumatra. The city proper covers 352.51 square kilometres on both banks of the Musi River in the eastern lowlands of southern Sumatra. It had a population of 1,668,848 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2022 was 1,729,546. Palembang is the second most populous city in Sumatra, after Medan, and the twelfth most populous city in Indonesia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">West Sumatra</span> Province of Indonesia

West Sumatra is a province of Indonesia. It is on the west coast of the island of Sumatra and includes the Mentawai Islands off that coast. West Sumatra borders the Indian Ocean to the west, as well as the provinces of North Sumatra to the north, Riau to the northeast, Jambi to the southeast, and Bengkulu to the south. The province has an area of 42,119.54 km2 (16,262.45 sq mi), with a population of 5,534,472 at the 2020 census. The official estimate at mid 2022 was 5,640,629. The province is subdivided into twelve regencies and seven cities. It has relatively more cities than other provinces outside Java, although several of them are relatively low in population compared with cities elsewhere in Indonesia. Padang is the province's capital and largest city.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">South Sumatra</span> Province of Indonesia

South Sumatra is a province of Indonesia, located in the southeast of the island of Sumatra. The capital and largest city of the province is the city of Palembang. The province borders the provinces of Jambi to the north, Bengkulu to the west and Lampung to the south, as well a maritime border with the Bangka Belitung Islands to the east. It is the largest province in the island of Sumatra, and it is slightly smaller than Portugal. The Bangka Strait in the east separates South Sumatra and the island of Bangka, which is part of the Bangka Belitung Islands province. The province has an area of 91,592.43 km2 (35,364 sq mi) and had a population of 8,467,432 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid-2022 was 8,657,008. The province is rich in natural resources, such as petroleum, natural gas and coal. The province is inhabited by many different ethnic groups, with Palembangese being largest ethnic group. Most speak the Palembang language, which is mutually intelligible to both Indonesian and local Palembang Malay. Other ethnic groups include the Javanese, Sundanese, Minangkabau and Chinese. Most are concentrated in urban areas and are largely immigrants from other parts of Indonesia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pagaruyung Kingdom</span> Old Kingdom in Sumatra, Indonesia

Pagaruyung, also known as Pagarruyung, Pagar Ruyung and, Malayapura or Malayupura, was a kingdom that once stood in the island of Sumatra and the seat of the Minangkabau kings of Western Sumatra. Modern Pagaruyung is a village in Tanjung Emas subdistrict, Tanah Datar regency, located near the town of Batusangkar, Indonesia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hatta Rajasa</span> Indonesian politician

Muhammad Hatta Rajasa is an Indonesian politician who served as the Coordinating Minister for the Economy of Indonesia from 22 October 2009 to 13 May 2014. A member of the National Mandate Party (PAN), he previously served as Minister Secretary of State (2007–2009), Minister of Transportation (2004–2007), and Minister of State for Research and Technology (2001–2004). He was also general Prabowo Subianto's running mate in the 2014 Indonesian presidential election, with the ticket being backed by a number of parties, including the Gerindra party, National Mandate Party, Prosperous Justice Party, United Development Party, the Crescent Star Party and Golkar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lampung language</span> Language in Indonesia

Lampung or Lampungic is an Austronesian language or dialect cluster with around 1.5 million native speakers, who primarily belong to the Lampung ethnic group of southern Sumatra, Indonesia. It is divided into two or three varieties: Lampung Api, Lampung Nyo, and Komering. The latter is sometimes included in Lampung Api, sometimes treated as an entirely separate language. Komering people see themselves as ethnically separate from, but related to, Lampung people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rumah adat</span> Traditional Indonesian houses

Rumah adat are traditional houses built in any of the vernacular architecture styles of Indonesia, collectively belonging to the Austronesian architecture. The traditional houses and settlements of the several hundreds ethnic groups of Indonesia are extremely varied and all have their own specific history. It is the Indonesian variants of the whole Austronesian architecture found all over places where Austronesian people inhabited from the Pacific to Madagascar each having their own history, culture and style.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ogan Komering Ilir Regency</span> Regency in South Sumatra

Ogan Komering Ilir Regency is a regency of South Sumatra Province, Indonesia. It takes its name from the Ogan River and the Komering River, which are the two main rivers that drain the area. The name Ilir means downstream. The administrative centre is the town of Kayu Agung. The regency borders Banyuasin Regency to the northwest, Bangka Strait, and the Java Sea to the east, Lampung Province to the south, and Palembang city, Ogan Ilir Regency, and East Ogan Komering Ulu Regency to the west.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ogan Ilir Regency</span> Regency in South Sumatra

Ogan Ilir Regency is a regency of South Sumatra Province, Indonesia. It takes its name from the main river which stream that area, Ogan River. And the name Ilir means downstream. Indralaya is the regency seat. The regency borders Palembang City and Muara Enim Regency to the north, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency to the east, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency, and East Ogan Komering Ulu Regency to the south, and Muara Enim Regency to the west.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ogan Komering Ulu Regency</span> Regency in South Sumatra, Indonesia

Ogan Komering Ulu Regency is a regency of South Sumatra, Indonesia. It formerly covered an area of 10,408 km2 with a population of around 1,000,000 people; however on 18 December 2003 parts of this area were split off to form separate regencies of East Ogan Komering Ulu and South Ogan Komering Ulu; the residual regency area covers just 4,797.06 km2 and had a population of 324,045 at the 2010 Census and 367,603 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2022 was 375,538. The administrative centre is the town of Baturaja.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tulang Bawang Regency</span> Regency in Lampung, Indonesia

Tulang Bawang Regency is a regency (kabupaten) of Lampung Province, Sumatra, Indonesia. The regency was created on 3 January 1997 from the eastern half of North Lampung Regency; when created, it originally covered a much wider area, but on 29 October 2008 the 7 northern districts were separated off to form a new Mesuji Regency, and the 8 western districts were also separated off to form a new West Tulang Bawang Regency. It now has an area of 3,466.32 square kilometres (1,338.35 sq mi) and had a population of 397,906 at the 2010 Census and 430,021 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2022 was 431,208. The regency seat is the town of Menggala, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) from the provincial capital of Bandar Lampung. The regency takes its name from the Tulang Bawang River which flows through the province.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Komering language</span> Austronesian language spoken in Indonesia

Komering is a Lampungic language spoken by the Komering people, an indigenous ethnic group native to Komering regions alongside the Komering River in South Sumatra, Indonesia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">National costume of Indonesia</span> Indonesian clothing

The national costume of Indonesia is the national attire that represents the Republic of Indonesia. It is derived from Indonesian culture and Indonesian traditional textile traditions. Today the most widely recognized Indonesian national attires include batik and kebaya, although originally those attires mainly belong within the island of Java and Bali, most prominently within Javanese, Sundanese and Balinese culture. Since Java has been the political and population center of Indonesia, folk attire from the island has become elevated into national status.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lampung people</span> Ethnic group in Indonesia

The Lampung or Lampungese are an indigenous ethnic group native to Lampung and some parts of South Sumatra, Bengkulu, as well as in the southwest coast of Banten. They speak the Lampung language, a Lampungic language estimated to have 1.5 million speakers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Palembang people</span> Sumatran ethnic group

Palembang, Palembangs, or Palembangese are one of the indigenous Sumatrans native to the southeastern Sumatra regions of Palembang in Indonesia. There are approximately 3,800,000 native Palembang living in regions across Indonesia, and there are about 30,000 Palembang diaspora living outside of Indonesia, mainly in Singapore.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rumah ulu</span> Traditional Indonesian house design

Rumah ulu is a vernacular house found in the highland of South Sumatra, Indonesia. The house is associated with the Uluan people who reside in the region of the upstream of the Ogan and Musi River.

This is a list of emblems or coat of arms used in Indonesia. Indonesia is divided into 38 provinces, and each province is divided into regencies (kabupaten) and cities (kota). There are 416 regencies and 98 cities. Each province, regency, and city has its own emblem.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eddy Yusuf</span> Indonesian politician (1955–2022)

Eddy Yusuf was an Indonesian politician. A member of the Democratic Party and later the People's Conscience Party, he served as Deputy Governor of South Sumatra from 2008 to 2013 and Regent of Ogan Komering Ulu from 2003 to 2008. He died in Baturaja on 8 March 2022, at the age of 66.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Muaradua</span>

Muaradua, or usually spelled as Muara Dua, is a town or Sub-district in South Ogan Komering Ulu Regency, of South Sumatra province of Indonesia and it is the seat (capital) of South Ogan Komering Ulu Regency.

References

  1. "Komering of Indonesia". peoplegroups.org.
  2. "Asal-usul Suku Komering". egindo.com.