Regions with significant populations | |
---|---|
Indonesia | |
Bangka Belitung Islands | 99,624 (2010 census) [1] |
Languages | |
Hakka, Bangka Malay, Belitung Malay, Hokkien, Indonesian, Cantonese | |
Religion | |
Chinese traditional religion, Buddhism, Christianity, Islam | |
Related ethnic groups | |
Benteng Chinese, Peranakan and other Chinese Indonesians |
Chinese Indonesians have lived in Bangka Belitung Islands, Indonesia for centuries. [2] [3] Bangka Belitung is one of the regions with the largest Chinese population in Indonesia besides Java, Riau, Eastern Sumatra and West Borneo. [4]
Chinese immigrants came to the Bangka Belitung Islands in several waves during 1700–1800s. Many Hakkas from various parts of Guangdong came to the islands to work as tin miners.
Bangka Island Chinese is quite different from Belitung Island Chinese because the first Chinese generation who were entirely male and arrived in Bangka Island, left China without women, they took local women as wives, so many Chinese in Bangka had mixed blood ( Indonesian : "Peranakan"), especially those who lived in the Eastern part of the island. Bangka Island Chinese language is a creole language mixed together Malay and Hakka words. Belitung Chinese is considered purer (Indonesian: "totok") because they were the first generation who arrived on the island, and they did so with Chinese wives after the 1800s. Although some town in Bangka Island, purer degree of Hakka can be heard as well, the Hakka-Malay mixture language is uniquely of Bangka Island Chinese. In Belitung, Chinese people adapted well with local culture. They changed their clothes and would like to wear Malay baju kurung with kebaya, pants with sarong. [2] Hakka is spoken among the majority of Chinese speakers on the islands with a minority Hokkien-speaking population.
Chinese Indonesians and colloquially Chindo or just Tionghoa are Indonesians whose ancestors arrived from China at some stage in the last eight centuries. Chinese Indonesians are the fourth largest community of Overseas Chinese in the world, followed by Chinese Americans. Chinese Indonesian are also seen to be dominant in the business sector of the Indonesian economy.
The Peranakans are an sub-culture of Chinese defined by their genealogical descent from the first waves of Southern Chinese settlers to maritime Southeast Asia, known as Nanyang, namely the British Colonial ruled ports in the Malay Peninsula, the Indonesian Archipelago as well as Singapore. Peranakan culture, especially in the dominant Peranakan centres of Malacca, Singapore, Penang, Phuket and Tangerang, is characterized by its unique hybridization of ancient Chinese culture with the local cultures of the Nusantara region, the result of a centuries-long history of transculturation and interracial marriage.
The Bangka Belitung Islands is a province of Indonesia. Situated off the southeastern coast of Sumatra, the province comprises two main landmasses—Bangka and Belitung—and numerous smaller islands. Bangka Belitung is bordered by the Bangka Strait to the west, the Natuna Sea to the north, the Java Sea is to the south and the Karimata Strait to the east. The province's capital and largest city is Pangkal Pinang. Bangka Belitung covers an area of 16,424.06 km2 (6,341.37 sq mi) and has a population of 1,455,678 according to the 2020 census; the official estimate as at mid 2021 was 1,473,165.
Bangka is an island lying east of Sumatra, Indonesia. It is administered under the province of the Bangka Belitung Islands, being one of its namesakes alongside the smaller island of Belitung across the Gaspar Strait. The 9th largest island in Indonesia, it had a population of 1,146,581 at the 2020 census. It is the location of the provincial capital of Pangkal Pinang, and is administratively divided into four regencies and a city. The island itself and the surrounding sea suffers considerable environmental damage from its thriving tin mining industry which operates on- and offshore.
Belitung is an island on the east coast of Sumatra, Indonesia in the Java Sea. It covers 4,800.6 km2 (1,853.5 sq mi), and had a population of 309,097 at the 2020 Census. Administratively, it forms two regencies within the province of Bangka-Belitung Islands. The island is known for its pepper and for its tin. It was in the possession of the United Kingdom from 1812 until Britain ceded control of the island to the Netherlands in the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824. Its main town is Tanjung Pandan. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization has declared 17 tourist attractions in the Belitung Geopark as world geoparks.
Pangkal Pinang is the capital and largest city of the Bangka Belitung Islands Province in Indonesia. It is located on Bangka Island's east coast, the city is divided into seven districts (kecamatan) and has 42 wards (kelurahan).
Peranakan cuisine or Nyonya cuisine comes from the Peranakans, descendants of early Chinese migrants who settled in Penang, Malacca, Singapore and Indonesia, inter-marrying with local Malays. In Baba Malay, a female Peranakan is known as a nonya, and a male Peranakan is known as a baba. The cuisine combines Chinese, Malay, Javanese, South Indian, and other influences.
Sungailiat is a city and district (kecamatan) of Bangka Regency, in the Bangka-Belitung province of Indonesia. It is also the regency seat.
Muntok or, more commonly, Mentok is a town in the Indonesian province of Bangka-Belitung on the island of Sumatra. The capital of West Bangka Regency, it is the site of the biggest tin smelter on the world. Mentok refers to the tip of the island.
Koba is a sub-district in the Indonesian province of Bangka-Belitung, Indonesia. Koba is located in the Central Bangka Regency on the islands of Bangka Belitong, Indonesia.
Toboali is a town in the Indonesian province of Bangka-Belitung, Indonesia. Toboali is the capital of the South Bangka Regency.
Manggar is a town in the Indonesian province of Bangka-Belitung, Indonesia which is a port on the east coast of Belitung Island, and is the seat of the East Belitung Regency. The town was founded as a tin mining town in the 19th century.
Tanjungpandan, is the largest town on the island Belitung in the Indonesian province of Bangka-Belitung, Indonesia. Tanjungpandan is the capital of the Belitung Regency comprising one of the five districts (kecamatan) within that Regency. It covers an area of 378.45 km2 and had a population of 86,487 at the 2010 Census and 103,062 at the 2020 Census.
Bangka or Bangka Malay, is a Malayic language spoken in Indonesia, specifically on the Island of Bangka in the Bangka Belitung Islands of Sumatra. There are several dialects of Bangka Malay, including Mentok, Belinyu, Sungailiat, Koba, Toboali and Lom. The Lom community has lived separately from mainstream Malay and is known for refusing Islam. Bangka Malay has a distinct vocabulary, grammar and phonology from other Malay languages.
Basuki Tjahaja Purnama is an Indonesian businessman, politician, and former governor of Jakarta. He is also known by his Hakka Chinese nickname Ahok. He was the second minority governor of Jakarta with ethnic Chinese ancestry and also of the Evangelical Protestant faith, following Henk Ngantung, who was the sole Catholic and ethnic Minahasan governor to hold office from 1964–65.
Apam balik also known as Martabak Manis ,, terang bulan, peanut pancake or mànjiānguǒ, is a sweet dessert originating in Fujian cuisine which now consists of many varieties at specialist roadside stalls or restaurants throughout Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore. It can also be found in Hong Kong as and Taiwan as.
Sungai Selan is a district (kecamatan) of Central Bangka Regency, in the Bangka-Belitung province of Indonesia.
Basuri Tjahaja Purnama is an Indonesian politician, who served as Regent of East Belitung from 2010 to 2015. He is the younger brother of Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, who served as East Belitung regent from 2005-2006 and later Deputy Governor (2012-2014) and Governor (2014-2017) of Jakarta.