Angkola people

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Angkola people
Batak Angkola / ᯅᯖᯄ᯦᯲ ᯀᯰᯄ᯦ᯬᯞ
Bajuadatbatakangkolatapsel.jpg
Total population
1,238,000 [1]
Regions with significant populations
Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia (South Tapanuli Regency of North Sumatra)
Languages
Angkola language, Toba language
Religion
Sunni Islam 95%, Christianity 5%
Related ethnic groups
Toba Batak people, Mandailing people, Simalungun people

Angkola (also known as Batak Angkola or Anakola) people are part of the Batak ethnic group from North Sumatra who live in the South Tapanuli regency. The Angkola language is similar to Mandailing language also with Toba language, but it is sociolinguistically distinct. [2]

The name Angkola is believed to have originated from the Angkola River or Batang Angkola, which was named by an officer called Rajendra Kola [3] (Angkola or city lord) who was passing through Padang Lawas and later came to power there. The southern (downstream) part of the Angkola River is called Angkola Jae, while the northern (upstream) part is called Angkola Julu. [4]

The Angkola people practice patrilineal kinship, and the clans and surnames of the Angkola people are based on the patrilineal system. There are only a few Angkola surnames - Siregar, Dalimunthe, Harahap, Hasibuan, Rambe, Nasution, Daulay, Tanjung, Ritonga, Batubara and Hutasuhut, amongst others. [5] Angkola society strictly prohibits marriage between people with the same surname.

Most of the Angkola are Muslim while a small minority are Christian. [6]

Related Research Articles

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North Sumatra is a province of Indonesia located on the northern part of the island of Sumatra. Its capital and largest city is Medan. It is bordered by Aceh on the northwest and Riau and West Sumatra in the southeast, with two different coastlines located on the Indian Ocean and the Strait of Malacca, and a maritime border with Malaysia to the east. North Sumatra is Indonesia's fourth most populous province after West Java, East Java and Central Java, and the third-largest province on the island of Sumatra after the neighbouring Riau. It covers an area of 72,981 km2. It is approximately the same size of Sierra Leone.

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The Mandailing are an ethnic group in Sumatra, Indonesia that is commonly associated with the Batak people. They are found mainly in the northern section of the island of Sumatra in Indonesia. They came under the influence of the Kaum Padri who ruled the Minangkabau of Tanah Datar. As a result, the Mandailing were influenced by Muslim culture and converted to Islam. There are also a group of Mandailing in Malaysia, especially in the states of Selangor and Perak. They are closely related to the Angkola and Toba.

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North Padang Lawas is a regency in North Sumatra province of Indonesia. It has an area of 3,918.05 km2, and had a population of 223,049 at the 2010 census and 260,720 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as at mid 2022 was 267,275. North Padang Lawas Regency was created on 17 July 2007 from eastern parts of the South Tapanuli Regency. Its administrative seat is the town of Gunung Tua.

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Mandailing or Mandailing Batak is an Austronesian language spoken in Indonesia, the northern island of Sumatra. It is spoken mainly in Mandailing Natal Regency, North Padang Lawas Regency, Padang Lawas Regency, and eastern parts of Labuhan Batu Regency, North Labuhan Batu Regency, South Labuhan Batu Regency and northwestern parts of Riau Province. It is written using the Latin script but historically used Batak script.

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Patuan Bosar SinambelaginoarOmpu Pulo Batu, better known as Si Singamangaraja XII, was the last priest-king of the Batak peoples of north Sumatra. In the course of fighting a lengthy guerrilla war against the Dutch colonisation of Sumatra from 1878 onwards, he was killed in a skirmish with Dutch troops in 1907. He was declared a National Hero of Indonesia in 1961 for his resistance to Dutch colonialism.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Toba Batak people</span> Group of the Batak people in Indonesia

Toba Batak people are the largest ethnic group of the Batak peoples of North Sumatra, Indonesia. The common phrase of ‘Batak’ usually refers to the Batak Toba people. This mistake is caused by the Toba people being the largest sub-group of the Batak ethnic and their differing social habit has been to self-identify as merely Batak instead of ‘Toba’ or ‘Batak Toba’, contrary to the habit of the Karo, Mandailing, Simalungun, Pakpak communities who commonly self-identify with their respective sub-groups.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Singkil people</span> Ethnic group in Aceh, Indonesia

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Lubu people are an ethnic group who live in central Sumatra, Indonesia. They are similar to the Kubu people, and are also ancestral to the Siladang people. They live in the mountainous regions of Padang Lawas, South Tapanuli, and Mandailing Natal regencies. They are now in the process of being absorbed by the Batak. In the early 20th century, they were a migratory people who lived in tree houses, and now are still a tribal people. Although they live near the rivers, they are fearful of water. They speak the Lubu language.

References

  1. "Batak Angkola in Indonesia". Joshua Project . Retrieved 2021-11-12.
  2. Lewis, M. Paul; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., eds. (2014). "Batak Angkola". Ethnologue: Languages of the World. Retrieved 2014-09-16.
  3. M. Rasjid Manggis Dt Radjo Panghulu (1982). Minangkabau: Sejarah Ringkas Dan Adatnya. Penerbit Mutiara.
  4. "Suku Batak Angkola". Planet Batak. August 2013. Retrieved 2014-09-16.
  5. Ch. Sutan Tinggibarani Perkasa Alam (2011). Tarombo Marga-Marga: Batak Toba, Angkola, Padanglawas, Mandailing, Simalungun, Karo, Dairi-Pakpak, Nias: Untuk Lintas Jenjang Pendidikan. Mitra. ISBN   978-602-941-402-8.
  6. Weekes, Richard V. (1984). Muslim Peoples [2 Volumes]: A World Ethnographic Survey. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 118. ISBN   978-0-313-23392-0.