Ngaju people

Ngaju people

Urang Biaju, Urang Ngaju
An illustration of a Dayak Ngaju warrior.
Total population
400,000
Regions with significant populations
Indonesia:
Central Kalimantan	324,504 (2000) [1]
Languages
Ngaju, Banjarese, Bakumpai, and Indonesian
Religion
Christianity (mainly Protestantism), Islam, and Kaharingan [2]
Related ethnic groups
Dayak people (Bakumpai, Ot Danum, and Meratus)

The Ngaju people, also known as Dayak Ngaju or Dayak Biaju, are an indigenous ethnic group of Borneo from the Dayak group. ^[3] In a census from 2000, when they were first listed as a separate ethnic group, they made up 18.02% of the population of Central Kalimantan province. In an earlier census from 1930, the Ngaju people were included in the Dayak people count. ^[4] They speak Ngaju language as their mother tongue, and also speak Banjarese language, a widespread lingua franca in Central Kalimantan.

Subgroups

Ngaju people of southern Borneo as depicted by the first explorer to Borneo, Carl Schwaner, 1854.

Based on river stream regions, the Ngaju people are divided into:-

• Greater Batang Biaju – Greater Biaju River
• Lesser Batang Biaju – Lesser Biaju River

Based on language, the Ngaju people are divided into:

• Dayak Ngaju (Central Kalimantan)
• Dayak Kahayan (Central Kalimantan)
• Dayak Katingan (Central Kalimantan)
• Dayak Mendawai (Central Kalimantan)
• Dayak Mengkatip (Central Kalimantan)
• Dayak Siang (Central Kalimantan)
• Dayak Bakumpai (South Kalimantan; considered linguistically and ethnically different)
• Dayak Meratus (South Kalimantan)
• Dayak Berangas (South Kalimantan; which is said to be no longer identifiable and their language is no longer in existence as of 2010 due to assimilation into the mainstream Kuala Banjar people)
• Dayak Beraki (Bara-ki; no longer in existence) ^[5]

Culture

Traditional folk songs

• Sinta Takalupe Lunuk ^[6]
• Karungut, Kalteng Membangun ^[7]
• Yang Mahakasih (religious song) ^[8]

Traditional cuisines

• Kopu, fermented cassava root. Usually eaten by mixing with shredded coconut meat. ^{[9] [10]}
• Karuang or Kalumpe by the Ma'anyan people, a pounded Cassava leaf salad mixed with eggplant, lemongrass, onion, and garlic. ^[10]
• Juhu Umbut Batang Undus, coconut sprout salad eaten with sambal and often served during thanksgiving or wedding ceremonies. ^[10]

Notable people

• Hausman Baboe, a prominent figure in the Central Kalimantan press and founder of the first daily Suara Dayak Indonesian newspaper.
• Tjilik Riwut, a National Hero of Indonesia, founder of Central Kalimantan, a writer, a Central Kalimantan freedom fighter and former governor of Central Kalimantan.

See also

• Indonesia portal

• View of the tiger

References

1. Badan Pusat Statistik - Sensus Penduduk Tahun 2000.
2. Chalmers, Ian (2006). "The Dynamics of Conversion: The Islamisation of the Dayak Peoples of Central Kalimantan". In Vickers, A.; Hanlon, M. (eds.). Proceedings of the 16th Biennial Conference of the Asian Studies Association of Australia (ASAA): Asia Reconstructed, Jun 26–29 2006. Wollongong, NSW: Australian National University. hdl: 20.500.11937/35283 .
3. Leo Suryadinata, Evi Nurvidya Arifin & Aris Ananta (2003). Indonesia's Population: Ethnicity and Religion in a Changing Political Landscape. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. ISBN   981-230-212-3.
4. Riwanto Tirtosudarmo (2007). Mencari Indonesia: Demografi-Politik Pasca-Soeharto. Yayasan Obor Indonesia. ISBN   978-979-799-083-1.
5. M. J. Melalatoa (1995). Ensiklopedi Suku Bangsa Di Indonesia, Volume 1. Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan RI. OCLC   37396203.
6. "Lagu Dayak Erika Sinta Takalupe Lunuk". Rocky Wans. Retrieved 2015-08-05.^{[ dead YouTube link ]}
7. "Karungut Kalteng Membangun (Karungut Modern)". Tingang. Retrieved 2015-08-05.^{[ dead YouTube link ]}
8. Pak Siswa 2 Ktsp-revisi (Tuhan Mengasihi Semua Orang). BPK Gunung Mulia. 2007. ISBN   978-979-687-591-7.
9. Iwan Prasetya (22 June 2013). "Nikmatnya Daging Paing, Kelelawar Raksasa Khas Kalteng". Liputan6. Archived from the original on November 5, 2016. Retrieved 2016-11-05.
10. Febria Silaen (20 May 2016). "Sederet kuliner khas Kalimantan Tengah". Beritagar. Retrieved 2016-11-05.