Leonotis

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Leonotis (lion's-ear)
Leonotis leonurus.jpg
Leonotis nepetifolia
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae
Subfamily: Lamioideae
Genus: Leonotis
(C.H. Persoon) R.Br.
Type species
Leonotis ocymifolia
Synonyms [1]
  • LeonurusMill. 1754 not L. 1753
  • HemisodonRaf.

Leonotis is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae. [2] One species, Leonotis nepetifolia , is native to tropical Africa and southern India. It is naturalized throughout most of the tropics. The other species are endemic to southern + eastern Africa. [1] [3]

Contents

Leonotis was named by Robert Brown in 1810 in Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen. [4] The name means "lion's ear".

The type for the genus is the specimen of Leonotis ocymifolia that was originally described as Leonotis leonitis. [5] It is a specimen of Leonotis ocymifolia var. ocymifolia. [3]

Leonotis leonurus and Leonotis nepetifolia seem to be mildly psychoactive, similar to cannabis albeit producing a far less potent and less intense "high"

Species

  1. Leonotis decadonta Gürke - southeast Africa from Burundi + Tanzania south to Mozambique
  2. Leonotis goetzei Gürke - Tanzania
  3. Leonotis grandis Iwarsson & Y.B. Harvey      - Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia
  4. Leonotis leonurus (L.) Robert Brown - South Africa, Angola; naturalized in Burundi, Java, St. Helena
  5. Leonotis myricifolia Iwarsson & Y.B. Harvey - Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia
  6. Leonotis myrothamnifolia Iwarsson & Y.B. Harvey - Malawi, Zambia
  7. Leonotis nepetifolia (L.) Robert Brown - sub-Saharan Africa from Ethiopia west to Senegal and south to Transvaal, also Indian subcontinent; naturalized in Morocco, Canary Islands, Southeast Asia, New Caledonia, French Polynesia, much of Latin America; West Indies
  8. Leonotis ocymifolia (Burman f.) Iwarsson - eastern Africa from Sudan + Eritrea south to Transvaal
  9. Leonotis pole-evansii Hutch. - Zambia

Taxonomy

Leonotis is a member of the subfamily Lamioideae. [2] Leonotis might be paraphyletic or even polyphyletic because Leonotis leonurus is not closely related to the other species. [6] In 2009, it was shown that Leonotis and 3 other genera are embedded in Leucas , [6] a genus of about 100 species. [2] If the 4 embedded genera were merged with Leucas, the expanded Leucas would have about 132 species.

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<i>Anisomeles</i> Genus of flowering plants

Anisomeles is a genus of herbs of the family Lamiaceae and is native to China, the Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Australia, Madagascar, and some Pacific and Indian Ocean islands. Plants in the genus Anisomeles have small, flat, narrow elliptic to narrow e.g.-shaped leaves arranged in opposite pairs, the edges of the leaves sometimes wavy or serrated. The flowers are arranged in groups, with five sepals and five petals in two "lips", the lower lip with three lobes, the middle lobe much longer than the side lobes. There are four stamens that extend beyond the petals and a single style in a depression on top of the ovary. The fruit is a schizocarp with four nutlets containing small seeds.

<i>Tinnea</i> Genus of flowering plants

Tinnea (sunbells) is a genus of plants in the family Lamiaceae first described in 1867. It is native to sub-Saharan Africa. It was named in honour of the Dutch explorer Alexine Tinne.

  1. Tinnea aethiopicaKotschy ex Hook.f. - widespread from Mali to Somalia south to Mozambique; naturalized in Trinidad & Tobago
  2. Tinnea antiscorbuticaWelw. - DRC, Zambia, Angola
  3. Tinnea apiculataRobyns & Lebrun - eastern Africa from Rwanda to Mozambique
  4. Tinnea barbataVollesen - Eswatini, northern South Africa
  5. Tinnea barteriGürke - western Africa
  6. Tinnea benguellensisGürke - Angola
  7. Tinnea coeruleaGürke - DRC, Zambia, Angola
  8. Tinnea eriocalyxWelw. - DRC, Angola, Botswana, Namibia
  9. Tinnea galpiniiBriq. - Eswatini, Mozambique, South Africa
  10. Tinnea gossweileriRobyns & Lebrun - Angola
  11. Tinnea gracilisGürke - Tanzania to Zambia
  12. Tinnea mirabilis(Bullock) Vollesen - Tanzania
  13. Tinnea physalisE.A.Bruce - Tanzania
  14. Tinnea platyphyllaBriq. - DRC
  15. Tinnea rhodesianaS.Moore - South Africa, Namibia, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Angola, Mozambique
  16. Tinnea somalensisGürke ex Chiov. - Ethiopia
  17. Tinnea vesiculosaGürke - Tanzania, Malawi
  18. Tinnea vestitaBaker - Zimbabwe, Zambia, Angola, Botswana
  19. Tinnea zambesiacaBaker - Zimbabwe, Zambia, Malawi, Mozambique
<i>Chloanthes</i> Genus of flowering plants

Chloanthes is a genus of four species of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae and is endemic to Australia. Plants in this genus are shrubs with hairy foliage, blistered or wrinkly leaves and flowers with five petals fused at the base, usually with two "lips".

Fuerstia is a genus of plants in the family Lamiaceae, first described in 1929. It is native to Eastern and Southern Africa.

  1. Fuerstia adpressaA.J.Paton - Angola
  2. Fuerstia africanaT.C.E.Fr. - East Africa
  3. Fuerstia angustifoliaG.Taylor - Tanzania, Angola, Malawi, Zambia
  4. Fuerstia bartsioides(Baker) G.Taylor - South Sudan
  5. Fuerstia dendrothrixA.J.Paton - Somalia
  6. Fuerstia raraG.Taylor - Angola
  7. Fuerstia rigida(Benth.) A.J.Paton - Angola
  8. Fuerstia ternataA.J.Paton - Tanzania
  9. Fuerstia welwitschiiG.Taylor - Angola
<i>Pycnostachys</i> Genus of flowering plants

Pycnostachys is a genus of plants in the family Lamiaceae, first described in 1826. It is native to sub-Saharan Africa including Madagascar.

  1. Pycnostachys abyssinicaFresen. - Ethiopia
  2. Pycnostachys angolensisG.Taylor - Angola
  3. Pycnostachys batesiiBaker - Cameroon, Zaïre, Sudan, Uganda
  4. Pycnostachys chevalieriBriq. - Central African Republic
  5. Pycnostachys ciliataBramley - Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia
  6. Pycnostachys coeruleaHook. - East Africa from Ethiopia to Botswana; Madagascar
  7. Pycnostachys congensisGürke - Zaïre, Zambia
  8. Pycnostachys de-wildemanianaRobyns & Lebrun - East Africa from Burundi to Zimbabwe
  9. Pycnostachys deflexifoliaBaker - Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda
  10. Pycnostachys descampsiiBriq. - Zaïre
  11. Pycnostachys elliotiiS.Moore - Zaïre, Uganda
  12. Pycnostachys eminiiGürke - from Cameroon to Ethiopia + Tanzania
  13. Pycnostachys erici-roseniiR.E.Fr - Zaïre, Uganda, Burundi, Rwanda
  14. Pycnostachys goetzeniiGürke - Zaïre, Uganda, Rwanda
  15. Pycnostachys gracilisR.D.Good - Angola
  16. Pycnostachys graminifoliaPerkins - Tanzania
  17. Pycnostachys kassneriDe Wild - Zaïre, Zambia, Tanzania
  18. Pycnostachys lancifoliaBramley - Tanzania
  19. Pycnostachys meyeriGürke - western + central Africa
  20. Pycnostachys nepetifoliaBaker - Kenya
  21. Pycnostachys niamniamensisGürke - South Sudan, Kenya, Uganda
  22. Pycnostachys orthodontaGürke - Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Zambia, Tanzania
  23. Pycnostachys parvifoliaBaker - Zambia, Tanzania, Malawi
  24. Pycnostachys prittwitziiPerkins - Zambia, Tanzania
  25. Pycnostachys pseudospeciosaBuscal. & Muschl. - Zaïre, Zambia
  26. Pycnostachys recurvataRyding - Ethiopia
  27. Pycnostachys reticulata(E.Mey.) Benth. - central + southern Africa
  28. Pycnostachys ruandensisDe Wild. - east-central Africa
  29. Pycnostachys schliebeniiMildbr. - east-central Africa
  30. Pycnostachys schweinfurthiiBriq - western + central Africa
  31. Pycnostachys speciosaGürke - Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda
  32. Pycnostachys sphaerocephalaBaker - Zambia, Tanzania, Malawi, Zaïre
  33. Pycnostachys stuhlmanniiGürke - central Africa
  34. Pycnostachys umbrosa(Vatke) Perkins - Kenya, Tanzania
  35. Pycnostachys urticifoliaHook. - southeastern Africa
  36. Pycnostachys verticillataBaker - Zambia, Tanzania
<i>Prostanthera denticulata</i> Species of flowering plant

Prostanthera denticulata, commonly known as rough mint-bush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae and is endemic to coastal New South Wales. It is a straggling to almost prostrate, aromatic shrub with narrow egg-shaped leaves and purple to mauve flowers arranged in leaf axils or on the ends of branchlets.

<i>Persicaria decipiens</i> Species of plant

Persicaria decipiens, commonly known as slender knotweed, is a species of flowering plant native to Australia and Asia.

<i>Prostanthera prunelloides</i> Species of flowering plant

Prostanthera prunelloides is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae and is endemic to eastern New South Wales. It is a shrub with four-ridged branches, egg-shaped to round leaves and white or pale mauve flowers.

<i>Prostanthera violacea</i> Species of flowering plant

Prostanthera violacea, commonly known as violet mint-bush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae and is endemic to south-eastern New South Wales. It is a slender, strongly aromatic shrub with densely hairy branches, more or less round leaves with the edges rolled under and mauve to bluish flowers often with white tips.

Leptocarpus laxus is a rush species of the genus Leptocarpus in the family Restionaceae. It is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia.

<i>Teucrium argutum</i> Species of flowering plant

Teucrium argutum, commonly known as native germander, is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae, and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a perennial herb often suckering, with hairy, broadly egg-shaped leaves with toothed or wavy edges, and pink-purple flowers.

References

  1. 1 2 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. 1 2 3 Raymond M. Harley, Sandy Atkins, Andrey L. Budantsev, Philip D. Cantino, Barry J. Conn, Renée J. Grayer, Madeline M. Harley, Rogier P.J. de Kok, Tatyana V. Krestovskaja, Ramón Morales, Alan J. Paton, and P. Olof Ryding. 2004. "Labiatae" pages 167-275. In: Klaus Kubitzki (editor) and Joachim W. Kadereit (volume editor). The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants volume VII. Springer-Verlag: Berlin; Heidelberg, Germany. ISBN   978-3-540-40593-1
  3. 1 2 Mattias Iwarsson and Yvette Harvey. 2003. "Monograph of the genus Leonotis (Pers.) R.Br. (Lamiaceae)". Kew Bulletin58(3):597-645.
  4. ↑ Robert Brown. 1810. Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen:504. (see External links below).
  5. ↑ Leonotis In: Index Nominum Genericorum. In: Regnum Vegetabile (see External links below).
  6. 1 2 Anne-Cathrine Scheen and Victor A. Albert. 2009. "Molecular Phylogenetics of the Leucas Group (Lamioideae; Lamiaceae)". Systematic Botany34(1):173-181.
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