List of Antarctic churches

Last updated

Trinity Church on King George Island Trinity Church, Antarctica 7577.JPG
Trinity Church on King George Island
Map of the Antarctic Antarctic-Overview-Map-EN.tif
Map of the Antarctic

There exist a number of Antarctic churches, including both Christian churches on Antarctica proper and those that were built south of the Antarctic Convergence. According to the 6th article of the Antarctic Treaty, Antarctica is defined politically as all land and ice shelves south of the 60th parallel, while the nearest natural boundary is the Antarctic Convergence.

Contents

There are eight churches on Antarctica proper, [1] with another two located south of the Antarctic Convergence. [2] The southernmost of these religious buildings is the Chapel of Our Lady of the Snows, a Catholic chapel carved out of the ice surrounding the Belgrano II Base, at Bertrab Nunatak. [3] While there are currently only a few freestanding structures dedicated solely to Christian religions, most research stations have small meeting rooms that are dual-purposed partially for religious services. These rooms are also commonly used by adherents of other world religions. [4] The Chapel of the Snows also hosts services for other faith groups such as Latter Day Saints, Baháʼí, and Buddhism. [5] These religious structures serve the entire population of Antarctica, which varies from approximately 4,400 in summer to 1,100 in winter. This population is spread across approximately 40 year-round stations and a range of summer-only stations, camps, and refuges. [6]

Churches

This list catalogs churches and other religious buildings built south of the 60th parallel.

NameDenominationLocationYear openedPictureNotes
Chapel of Our Lady of the Snows Catholic Belgrano II Base, Bertrab Nunatak After 1979 La capilla de Nuestra Senora de las Nieves.jpg [7]
San Francisco de Asis Chapel Catholic Esperanza Base, Hope Bay 1976 San Francisco de Asis Chapel Esperanza Base.jpg [8]
Chapel of Santa María Reina de la Paz Catholic Villa Las Estrellas, King George Island  ? CAPILLA SANTA MARIA REINA DE LA PAZ.JPG [8]
Chapel of Santisima Virgen de Lujan Catholic Marambio Base, Marambio Island 1996 Chapel of the Blessed Virgin of Lujan Marambio Base.jpeg [9]
Chapel of the Snows Interfaith McMurdo Station, Ross Island 1956

Destroyed 1978
Rebuilt 1989

Chapel of the Snows.jpg [10]
St. Ivan Rilski Chapel Eastern Orthodox St. Kliment Ohridski Base, Livingston Island 2003

rebuilt 2011

St.-Ivan-Rilski-Chapel-New-Building.jpg [11]
St. Volodymyr Chapel Eastern Orthodox Vernadsky Research Base, Galindez Island 2010–2011 [1]
Trinity Church Eastern Orthodox King George Island 2004 2005-02-25 Trinity Church at Bellingshaussen, Antarctica.jpg [12]

Antarctic Churches not on Antarctica

This list catalogs churches and other religious buildings built south of the Antarctic Convergence, but north of the 60th parallel.

NameDenominationLocationYear openedPictureNotes
Norwegian Anglican Church
The Whalers Church
Anglican
formerly Norwegian Lutheran
Grytviken, South Georgia 1913 Grytviken church.jpg [13]
Notre-Dame des Vents Catholic Port-aux-Français, Kerguelen Islands 1950s Notre Dame des Vents, Iles Kerguelen.jpg [8]

Map

Antarctica location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Chapel of the Snows
Red pog.svg
San Francisco de Asis Chapel
Red pog.svg
Trinity
Santa María Reina
Red pog.svg
Chapel of Our Lady of the Snows
Red pog.svg
Norwegian Anglican Church
Red pog.svg
Notre-Dame des Vents
Red pog.svg
St. Ivan Rilski Chapel
Red pog.svg
Chapel of Santisima Virgen de Lujan
Red pog.svg
Locations of churches in Antarctica

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">King George Island (South Shetland Islands)</span> Island of the South Shetland Islands

King George Island is the largest of the South Shetland Islands, lying 120 km off the coast of Antarctica in the Southern Ocean. The island was named after King George III.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Esperanza Base</span> All year Antarctic base with civilian presence

Esperanza Base is a permanent, all-year-round Argentine research station in Hope Bay, Trinity Peninsula. It is one of only two civilian settlements in Antarctica. The base's motto is Permanencia, un acto de sacrificio.

This is a list of extreme points in Antarctica.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Orcadas Base</span> Antarctic base

Base Orcadas is an Argentine scientific station in Antarctica, and the oldest of the stations in Antarctica still in operation. It is located on Laurie Island, one of the South Orkney Islands, at 4 meters (13 ft) above sea level and 170 meters (558 ft) from the coastline. Established by the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition in 1903 and transferred to the Argentine government in 1904, the base has been permanently populated since, being one of six Argentine permanent bases in Argentina's claim to Antarctica, and the first permanently inhabited base in Antarctica.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Argentine Antarctica</span> Department in Tierra del Fuego, Argentina

Argentine Antarctica is an area on Antarctica claimed by Argentina as part of its national territory. It consists of the Antarctic Peninsula and a triangular section extending to the South Pole, delimited by the 25° West and 74° West meridians and the 60° South parallel. This region overlaps with British and Chilean claims in Antarctica. None of these claims have widespread international recognition.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Belgrano II Base</span> Antarctic base

Belgrano II Base is a permanent, all year-round Argentine Antarctic base and scientific research station named after General Manuel Belgrano, one of the Libertadores and the creator of the Argentine Flag. It is located on Bertrab Nunatak on the Confín Coast, Coats Land.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Marambio Base</span> Antarctic Station

Marambio Station is a permanent, all year-round Argentine Antarctica station named after Vice-Commodore Gustavo Argentino Marambio, an Antarctic aviation pioneer. It is located in Marambio Island, Graham Land, Antarctic Peninsula, some 100 km (60 mi) from the coastal civilian village of Esperanza.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Research stations in Antarctica</span>

Multiple governments have set up permanent research stations in Antarctica and these bases are widely distributed. Unlike the drifting ice stations set up in the Arctic, the current research stations of the Antarctic are constructed either on rocks or on ice that are fixed in place.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Trinity Church (Antarctica)</span> Russian Orthodox church on King George Island

Holy Trinity Church is a small Russian Orthodox church on King George Island near Bellingshausen Station, a Russian research station in Antarctica. It is one of the eight churches on Antarctica. It is the southernmost Eastern Orthodox church in the world.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">San Martín Base</span> Antarctic base

San Martín Base is a permanent, all year-round Argentine Antarctic base and scientific research station named after General José de San Martín, the Libertador of Argentina, Chile and Perú. It is located on Barry Island, Marguerite Bay, Antarctic Peninsula.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chapel of the Snows</span> American church at McMurdo Station

The Chapel of the Snows is a non-denominational Christian church located at the United States' McMurdo Station on Ross Island, Antarctica and is one of eight churches on Antarctica.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Religion in Antarctica</span>

Religion in Antarctica is largely dominated by Christianity, with churches being the only religious buildings on the continent. Although used regularly for Christian worship, the Chapel of the Snows has also been used for Buddhist and Baháʼí Faith ceremonies. Some of the early religious buildings are now protected as important historical monuments.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cámara Base</span> Antarctic base

Cámara Base is an Argentine Antarctic base and scientific research station named after Frigate Lieutenant Naval Aviator Juan Ramón Cámara. It is located in the northern foothills of La Morenita Hill, at Menguante Cove in Half Moon Island off the east coast of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">St. Ivan Rilski Chapel</span>

The St. Ivan Rilski Chapel at the Bulgarian base St. Kliment Ohridski on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands is the first Eastern Orthodox edifice in Antarctica, the southernmost Eastern Orthodox building of worship in the world, and one of eight churches on Antarctica.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ellsworth Station</span> Antarctic research station in Near Gould Bay, Filchner–Ronne Ice Shelf

Ellsworth Scientific Station was a permanent, all year-round originally American, then Argentine Antarctic scientific research station named after American polar explorer Lincoln Ellsworth. It was located on Gould Bay, on the Filchner Ice Shelf.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chapel of the Blessed Virgin of Luján, Antarctica</span> Roman Catholic chapel on Seymour-Marambio Island, Antarctica

The Chapel of Santísima Virgen de Luján or the Chapel of the Blessed Virgin of Luján is a Roman Catholic chapel located at the Argentine base Marambio on Seymour-Marambio Island in Antarctica. It is the third most southern place of worship of any religion. It is one of eight churches on Antarctica. The permanent steel-structured chapel is used for Christian worship by the various Argentine personnel on station. The chapel features a bell tower and cross.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Index of Antarctica-related articles</span>

This is an alphabetical index of all articles related to the continent of Antarctica.

Belgrano I Base was a permanent, all year-round Argentine Antarctic base and scientific research station, located on Piedrabuena Bay on the Filchner Ice Shelf. It was named after General Manuel Belgrano, one of the Libertadores and the creator of the Argentine flag.

Sobral Scientific Base was a permanent, all year-round and now only partially active Argentine Antarctic base and scientific research station named after Argentine polar explorer and scientist José María Sobral. It is located on the Filchner Ice Shelf.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chapel of St. Mary Queen of Peace</span> Church in Villa Las Estrellas, Antarctica

The St. Mary Queen of Peace Chapel is a Catholic chapel located in Villa Las Estrellas, in the Chilean Antarctic Territory, which includes in the commune of Antártica, within the Region of Magallanes and Chilean Antarctica, about 1580 km from Punta Arenas. It is one of eight churches on Antarctica. The chapel is basically a large container of metal, modified so that it resembles a common church, whose interior has electricity and a proper heating system. Religious ceremonies are performed by a deacon, who lives permanently in the villa.

References

  1. 1 2 Riedel, Dr. Katja. Faith in Antarctica – Religion in the land of eternal snow. Polar News. April 27, 2016. Retrieved January 18, 2017.
  2. Merchant, Brian. Prayer on Ice: The Six Churches Giving Sermons to Scientists on Antarctica Archived 2017-01-03 at the Wayback Machine . Vice. March 18, 2013. Retrieves January 2, 2017.
  3. Inside Antarctica's Catholic Ice Chapel, the World's Southernmost Church. Church Pop. Retrieved December 29, 2016.
  4. Gabrielle Walker: Antarctica: An Intimate Portrait of a Mysterious Continent, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2013, ISBN   0-15-101520-1
  5. Chapel of the Snows. A history of the Chapel of the Snows. Retrieved December 29, 2016
  6. Antarctica. World Factbook. CIA. February 16, 2016. Retrieved December 29, 2016.
  7. "not found". churchpop.com. Retrieved June 10, 2024.
  8. 1 2 3 Stagnaro, Angelo. Antarctica: Faith in the Land of Eternal Snows. National Catholic Register. February 21, 2016 Retrieved December 29, 2016.
  9. Oratorio de la Capilla de la Base Marambio. Marambio Base. Retrieved December 29, 2016.
  10. Chapel of the Snows. Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station. Retrieved December 29, 2016.
  11. Ivanov, L. General Geography and History of Livingston Island. In: Bulgarian Antarctic Research: A Synthesis. Eds. C. Pimpirev and N. Chipev. Sofia: St. Kliment Ohridski University Press, 2015. pp. 17–28. ISBN   978-954-07-3939-7
  12. Trinity Church on King George Island. Atlas Obscura. Retrieved December 29, 2016.
  13. Quinn, Liam. Grytviken Church, South Georgia. Wondermondo. Retrieved December 29, 2016.