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There exist a number of Antarctic churches, including both Christian churches on Antarctica proper and those that were built south of the Antarctic Convergence. According to the 6th article of the Antarctic Treaty, Antarctica is defined politically as all land and ice shelves south of the 60th parallel, while the nearest natural boundary is the Antarctic Convergence.
There are eight churches on Antarctica proper, [1] with another two located south of the Antarctic Convergence. [2] The southernmost of these religious buildings is the Chapel of Our Lady of the Snows, a Catholic chapel carved out of the ice surrounding the Belgrano II Base, at Bertrab Nunatak. [3] While there are currently only a few freestanding structures dedicated solely to Christian religions, most research stations have small meeting rooms that are dual-purposed partially for religious services. These rooms are also commonly used by adherents of other world religions. [4] The Chapel of the Snows also hosts services for other faith groups such as Latter Day Saints, Baháʼí, and Buddhism. [5] These religious structures serve the entire population of Antarctica, which varies from approximately 4,400 in summer to 1,100 in winter. This population is spread across approximately 40 year-round stations and a range of summer-only stations, camps, and refuges. [6]
This list catalogs churches and other religious buildings built south of the 60th parallel.
Name | Denomination | Location | Year opened | Picture | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chapel of Our Lady of the Snows | Catholic | Belgrano II Base, Bertrab Nunatak | After 1979 | [7] | |
San Francisco de Asis Chapel | Catholic | Esperanza Base, Hope Bay | 1976 | [8] | |
Chapel of Santa María Reina de la Paz | Catholic | Villa Las Estrellas, King George Island | ? | [8] | |
Chapel of Santisima Virgen de Lujan | Catholic | Marambio Base, Marambio Island | 1996 | [9] | |
Chapel of the Snows | Interfaith | McMurdo Station, Ross Island | 1956 Destroyed 1978 | [10] | |
St. Ivan Rilski Chapel | Eastern Orthodox | St. Kliment Ohridski Base, Livingston Island | 2003 rebuilt 2011 | [11] | |
St. Volodymyr Chapel | Eastern Orthodox | Vernadsky Research Base, Galindez Island | 2010–2011 | – | [1] |
Trinity Church | Eastern Orthodox | King George Island | 2004 | [12] | |
This list catalogs churches and other religious buildings built south of the Antarctic Convergence, but north of the 60th parallel.
Name | Denomination | Location | Year opened | Picture | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Norwegian Anglican Church The Whalers Church | Anglican formerly Norwegian Lutheran | Grytviken, South Georgia | 1913 | [13] | |
Notre-Dame des Vents | Catholic | Port-aux-Français, Kerguelen Islands | 1950s | [8] | |
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Base Orcadas is an Argentine scientific station in Antarctica, and the oldest of the stations in Antarctica still in operation. It is located on Laurie Island, one of the South Orkney Islands, at 4 meters (13 ft) above sea level and 170 meters (558 ft) from the coastline. Established by the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition in 1903 and transferred to the Argentine government in 1904, the base has been permanently populated since, being one of six Argentine permanent bases in Argentina's claim to Antarctica, and the first permanently inhabited base in Antarctica.
Argentine Antarctica is an area on Antarctica claimed by Argentina as part of its national territory. It consists of the Antarctic Peninsula and a triangular section extending to the South Pole, delimited by the 25° West and 74° West meridians and the 60° South parallel. This region overlaps with British and Chilean claims in Antarctica. None of these claims have widespread international recognition.
Belgrano II Base is a permanent, all year-round Argentine Antarctic base and scientific research station named after General Manuel Belgrano, one of the Libertadores and the creator of the Argentine Flag. It is located on Bertrab Nunatak on the Confín Coast, Coats Land.
Marambio Station is a permanent, all year-round Argentine Antarctica station named after Vice-Commodore Gustavo Argentino Marambio, an Antarctic aviation pioneer. It is located in Marambio Island, Graham Land, Antarctic Peninsula, some 100 km (60 mi) from the coastal civilian village of Esperanza.
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The Chapel of the Snows is a non-denominational Christian church located at the United States' McMurdo Station on Ross Island, Antarctica and is one of eight churches on Antarctica.
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The St. Ivan Rilski Chapel at the Bulgarian base St. Kliment Ohridski on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands is the first Eastern Orthodox edifice in Antarctica, the southernmost Eastern Orthodox building of worship in the world, and one of eight churches on Antarctica.
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