Notes
- ↑ Oswin Grainger was an older musical friend, reluctantly a grocer by trade
- ↑ Dr. Charles Lee Williams was former organist of Gloucester Cathedral
- 1 2 3 Hubert Leicester was a lifelong friend of Elgar's, played flute in the early wind quintets (his brother William played clarinet), and was always a keen musician; the Leicester family lived at No. 6 Worcester High Street, a few doors away from the Elgar music shop. Hubert Leicester wrote a book Forgotten Worcester with a preface by Elgar, and became Mayor of Worcester ( Kennedy 1987 , p. 263).
- ↑ Elgar's boyhood employer, the solicitor William Allen ( Moore 1984 , p. 118)
- ↑ Agnes Leicester was the wife of Elgar's lifelong friend Hubert Leicester – they were married three years before Edward Elgar and Alice
- ↑ A friend of Elgar's, the Very Rev. Canon Charles Vincent Dolman, O.S.B. was the priest of the Roman Catholic Church of St. Francis Xavier in Broad Street, Hereford
- 1 2 Op. 3 was first assigned to Allegretto on G.E.D.G.E., then finally to Cantique
- ↑ Elgar met 'Miss E. E.' before he was married, whilst on holiday in Scotland
- ↑ Hilda Fitton was sister of Isabel Fitton – 'Ysobel' (Variation VI) of the Enigma Variations
- ↑ Frank Webb was a Worcester furniture dealer, and he and his sisters were some of Elgar's earliest violin pupils in Worcester, and a member of the Worcester Amateur Instrumental Society. His son Alan Webb was curator of the Elgar Birthplace in the 1960s ( Kennedy 1987 , p. 19).
- ↑ J. F. Porte, in his critical book Sir Edward Elgar( Porte 1921 ), asserts that Elgar wrote two songs in his Op. 5, but does not name either: "The two numbers comprising Opus 5 are to be commended to those who would see how a great composer commenced his contributions to the world of song."
- 1 2 Frederick G. Pedley was (according to the 1881 census) a warehouseman from Worcester, two years older than Elgar. He was an amateur singer, and gave the first performance of "A Soldier's Song" at a Worcester Glee Club meeting on 18 March 1884
- ↑ Charles Flavell Hayward (1863–1906) was born in Wolverhampton, England into a show-business family. He was an actor, poet, violinist, conductor, composer and arranger of music. He was a friend of Elgar's and played at the same desk in the violins. His father Henry Hayward was a violinist known as the "English Paganini". The family emigrated to New Zealand where he, his brothers, their wives and other family (known as "The Brescian Family") made their living in the theatre, which included the novelty of a moving picture show or bioscope as it was called. He died in Adelaide, Australia. His most well-known song (he wrote the lyrics and the music) is called "Come back to me" which was sung by his sister Florence Hayward.
- ↑ The wind quintet was: Hubert Leicester and Frank Exton (1st and 2nd flutes), Edward's brother Frank Elgar (oboe), Hubert's brother William Leicester (clarinet), and Edward Elgar (bassoon or cello)
- ↑ Young has "Op. 6, Wind Quintets: any of the above, but not specified by E.", referring to the works in the sets here numbered only for convenience "Op. 6.1" to "Op. 6.6" to keep them together ( Young 1973 , p. 408).
- ↑ Elgar's spelling. More correctly "Madame Tussaud's"
- ↑ The violinist who joined the wind quintet was Karl Bammert, a young lodger at the Elgar Music Shop
- ↑ Andante arioso, the second movement of Harmony Music No.6, was re-scored for organ by the composer in 1912, as Cantique, Op.3
- ↑ Frank Exton was the second flautist in the quintet
- ↑ William Leicester, Hubert's brother, was the clarinettist in the quintet
- ↑ Frank Elgar, Edward's brother, was the oboist in the quintet
- ↑ The Gavotte named after Alphonsa Leicester, who was the sister of Elgar's friends William and Hubert Leicester
- ↑ Re-copied for The Spanish Lady
- ↑ Percy Fletcher identifies this as possibly that of 1888
- 1 2 3 4 Lady Mary Lygon (pronounced "Liggon"), commemorated in the Romanza "***" of the Enigma Variations, was sister of Earl Beauchamp. She promoted, among others similar, the Madresfield Musical Competition in 1903. She became Lady Mary Trefusis on marrying Lt.-Col. Henry Hepburn-Stuart-Forbes-Trefusis in 1905
- ↑ Dyke Acland was a bank manager and amateur cellist
- ↑ Fred Ward was one of Elgar's pupils, and Bizarrerie was written for him, but (unlike La Capricieuse) not dedicated to him
- ↑ Julia Raikes, wife of William Raikes, cousin of his wife Alice. The Raikes were the only members of her family to attend Elgar's wedding, and lent the Elgars their house in Upper Norwood for a few weeks in 1889
- ↑ Dr. Frank Ehrke of the Manor House, Kempsey was 1st violin in the Worcestershire Philharmonic Society Orchestra
- ↑ Fred Ward was one of Elgar's pupils
- ↑ McVeagh 2007 gives this as Op. 18, No. 3
- ↑ Rev. J. Hampton, M.A., Warden of St. Michael's College, Tenbury ( Kennedy 1987 , p. 280)
- ↑ The Rev. Walter H. Whinfield was the youngest son of Edward Whinfield, head of an organ-building firm and vice-president of the Worcester Musical Society, who gave musical evenings at his large house 'Severn Grange' near Claines, where the young Edward Elgar began to meet a wide range of musicians, some of whom were to become lifelong friends ( Moore 1984 , p. 89).
- ↑ Paul Kilburn was the son of Elgar's friend, the organist and conductor Nicholas Kilburn
- 1 2 3 May Grafton was Elgar's niece, daughter of William Grafton and Elgar's sister Pollie
- 1 2 3 Mrs E. B. Fitton was a Malvern pianist and mother of Hilda and Isabel Fitton ('Ysobel' of the Enigma Variations)
- ↑ In August 1893 the Elgars spent two weeks in Garmisch at the guest-house of an English family, the Bethells, who they had met the year before ( Moore 1984 , p. 175).
- ↑ Acworth, H. A.; Elgar, E. (1898). Caractacus: A Cantata. London: Novello.
- ↑ Sketches "elaborated" by Anthony Payne
- ↑ Mrs. Edward Speyer was Antonia Kufferath, the Belgian-born soprano, daughter of Alice Elgar's old piano teacher Ferdinand Kufferath and wife of Elgar's friend the wealthy banker Edward Speyer. 'Ridgehurst' was their home at Shenley, Hertfordshire. Not to be confused with Sir Edgar Speyer and Lady Speyer (the latter a professional violinist Leonora von Stosch)
- ↑ Concert Allegro sometimes still shown in references as "Op. 41"
- ↑ Lady Maud Warrender (1870–1945) was the youngest daughter of the Earl of Shaftesbury and married Sir George Warrender. She was a singer and patron of music – she organised the first performance of the Coronation Ode in 1903 – and a personal friend of Elgar and his wife
- ↑ Arthur Leslie Salmon (born 1865), lover of literature, poet, music critic and author of British travel guides
- ↑ Canon Charles Vincent Gorton was chairman of the Morecambe Festival, and assisted Elgar with the words of The Apostles
- ↑ Julia Worthington was an American, a friend of Prof. Sanford, whom he met in the U. S. A., and who later saw him in England. The enigmatic dots in the Spanish quotation inscribed on Elgar's Violin Concerto are said to refer to her.
- ↑ Dr. William McNaught, musical editor and choral conductor, worked for the publishers Novello
- 1 2 3 4 "Pietro d'Alba" (alias "Peter Rabbit") was Elgar's pseudonym for himself
- ↑ Henry Embleton was the wealthy and enthusiastic president of the Leeds Choral Union who encouraged Elgar in his choral music ( Moore 1984 , p. 215).
- ↑ Elgar's friend and 'muse', known to him as Alice and 'Windflower', Alice Sophia Caroline Millais was daughter of the artist John Everett Millais and wife of Lord Stuart of Wortley. She and her husband shared an interest in music.
- ↑ Alfred Henry Littleton was chairman of publishers Novello. At the time he wrote the song, Elgar and his wife were staying at the villa of his friend Julia Worthington at Careggi near Florence when they were visited by Littleton, whose wife had just died
- ↑ Of the songs in the planned Op. 59, nos. 1, 2 and 4 were never published, and not even their titles are known
- ↑ Percy M. Young (in his Elgar O. M.) says this is "probably fictitious" ( Young 1973 ).
- ↑ Edwin James was principal bassoonist and chairman of the London Symphony Orchestra ( Moore 1984 , p. 563).
- ↑ Nicholas Kilburn (1843–1923) was an amateur musician, principally an organist and conductor, from Bishop Auckland in Co. Durham who was a close friend of Elgar's for many years.
- ↑ Frances Smart was a neighbour of the Elgars at 'Forli' before the turn of the century ( Moore 1984 , p. 659).
- ↑ William Mann Dyson was a singing teacher who sang in the Worcester Glee Club (Moore 1984 , p. 695 and 1901 England Census, Worcester).
- 1 2 3 Vasily Ivanovich Maikov (1728—1778), Russian poet and dramatist. See ru: Майков, Василий Иванович
- ↑ Frances Colvin, wife of Sir Sidney Colvin
- ↑ Inscription on the vocal score: 'This adaptation has been made by Sir Edward Elgar, O.M. at the request of the LEAGUE OF ARTS, to whom it is dedicated. It is specially intended for the performance at the Dedication of the Cenotaph and similar ceremonies throughout the country.'
- ↑ Ballet based on a fan designed by Charles Conder
- ↑ The violinist Maria Joshua said she was 'overwhelmed' by Elgar's offer of dedication, but was ill and would write later to explain. She never wrote, and died a week later. The dedication was accepted later by her daughter ( Moore 1984 , p. 725).
- ↑ The leader was Adolph Brodsky (nearly 70 at the time and principal of the Royal Manchester College of Music) and the others Hugo Becker, Hans Sitt, and Julius Klengel
- ↑ Young 1973.
- ↑ The Smoking Cantata was probably never intended to be performed and was given the jocular opus number of 1001. Its duration is less than a minute
- ↑ Ward, David (11 December 2003). "Unknown Elgar is just a puff of smoke". The Guardian . London. Retrieved 15 September 2006.
- ↑ On her birthday
- ↑ McVeagh 2007, p. 3.
- ↑ Elgar himself
- ↑ Probably Oswin Grainger, an older musical friend, reluctantly a grocer by trade
- ↑ Elgar wrote on the manuscript: "Exercise for the 3rd finger – (The chords not to be played, the 1st, 2nd & 4th fingers remain fixed in the positions ...)." Finally: "Written for my own use in 1877. Copied for Mr. Jascha Heifetz at his request, November 1920. Edward Elgar"
- ↑ The composer's brother Frank Elgar, who played the oboe
- ↑ The England 1881 census shows that Karl Bammert was a German watchmaker aged 21, a boarder at the Elgar family house No. 10 High Street Worcester – he was probably the violinist. Frank Elgar and two sisters Lucy and 'Dot' were there, with their parents
- ↑ Leicester private collection
- 1 2 3 4 Frank and Helen Weaver were among the children of William Weaver, a shoe merchant whose shop was opposite the Elgar's at No. 84 Worcester High Street. Frank Weaver also became a shoemaker, and he played the double bass; Elgar wrote the Duett for trombone and double bass as a wedding present to him on 1 August 1887, when he married Fannie Jones. Helen Weaver was 'Nelly' of the Harmony Music; in 1883 Helen and Elgar were engaged to be married, but the engagement was broken off the next year (Moore 1984 , p. 67, and England censuses 1871, 1881).
- ↑ George Jenkins lived in Powick and was recorded as Clerk at the Asylum in the national censuses of 1871, 1881 and 1891
- 1 2 3 Miss J. Holloway was the pianist at the Worcester City and County Lunatic Asylum ( Moore 1984 , p. 87).
- ↑ Elgar's brother Frank
- ↑ Fr. Thomas Knight, of St. Georges' Church, Worcester
- ↑ The same tune as "Richard of Taunton Dene", a traditional Somersetshire song
- 1 2 Dr. Charles William Buck was a lifelong cellist friend of Elgar's who lived in Settle, North Yorkshire. On occasional visits Elgar played his violin in trios with Charles and his wife Emma who played piano. He also composed short compositions while he was there. Buck kept most of Elgar's letters to him.
- ↑ Photograph of the manuscript in Young 1973 , p. 128
- ↑ G. Frank Blackbourne (1840–c.1911), an actor, director of musical comedies and song composer, used the pseudonym Victor Béraud for his compositions. He was a neighbour of Elgar in Worcester. Elgar gave the arrangement to Blackbourne, who then sold it to Willcocks & Co. in 1907
- ↑ From Sibley Music Library Digital Scores Collection,
- ↑ Percy Fletcher identifies this as possibly the trio mentioned in a letter to Dr. Buck, 1887
- ↑ Ludwig Wüllner (1858–1938) was the German tenor (and actor) who deeply impressed Elgar with his performance as Gerontius at Düsseldorf in 1901
- ↑ Elgar used to go to the Malvern Wells house of The Rev. William Wilberforce Gedge, Headmaster of Wells House School, every week to give violin lessons to his daughters ( Moore 1984 , p. 72).
- ↑ According to Young 1973, Elgar pencilled in a note on the manuscript that J. H. Meredith was an honorary member of the Worcester Amateur Instrumental Society
- ↑ According to Young 1973, Mrs. Marshall and her daughter were friends of Lady Elgar.
- ↑ Simon Wastell (1560–1635), headmaster of the Free School at Northampton
- ↑ Ellen Burroughs was the pseudonym of the American poet Sophie Jewett (1861–1909)
- ↑ Kennedy 1987, p. 281.
- ↑ Moore 1984, p. 168.
- 1 2 Young 1973 , footnote p. 70
- ↑ Moore 1984 , p. 177 notes (from the Chappell archives) that permission to use the poem by 'Barry Pain' was obtained on 3 March
- ↑ from 'Historic Worcestershire' by W. Scott Brassington
- 1 2 Max Laistner (1853–1917) was a German musician, a concert pianist and director of the Max Laistner Choir. He made piano transcriptions of the classics, including an "Etude de Concert" after Chopin's Valse in D-flat "Minute Waltz"
- ↑ Alice Chambers Bunten, scholar, author and lyricist for many songs, well known for her Life of Alice Barnham, Wife of Sir Francis Bacon, London: Oliphants Ltd. 1928
- ↑ Frank H. Fortey (born in India 1876) was a translator of Polish literature. His main work was the poems of Mickiewicz. He lived in King's Norton near Worcester, and died in 1940.
- ↑ Clifton Bingham (1859–1913) was an English author of poems and children's books, many of them illustrated by Louis Wain.
- ↑ Dedicated to Martina Hyde, wife of wealthy Worcester solicitor Thomas Garmston Hyde. Their daughter Martina, one of six children, was a pupil of Elgar's, and the family encouraged him in the formation of a new Worcester Philharmonic Society, with Elgar as conductor. The Hyde family were also amusing friends of the Elgars and lived in a large house in Foregate Street near the station.
- ↑ Samuel Childs Clarke (1821–1903) was born at Stoke Damerell, his father an army Major-General. He was educated at Oxford – Queens College and St. Mary Hall – before taking Holy Orders and becoming Curate of Thorverton in Devon then later Vicar of St. Thomas, Launceston and Headmaster of Launceston Grammar School. He was the author of a large number of poems and hymns, some set to music by his friend Sir John Stainer.
- ↑ The composer name on the score Gustave Francke is a pseudonym. The false opus number 11 was in fact allocated to the Sursum Corda of 1894. The work may have been composed as early as 1893 as a movement of a Violin Sonata.
- ↑ The dedication, like the name of the composer, is probably fictional. Serge Derval, Anvers may form various anagrams which include the name Elgar
- ↑ R. G. H. Howson was a bank manager who conducted choirs at the Morecambe festivals ( Kennedy 1987 , p. 166).
- ↑ Elgar's sister Helen Agnes Elgar, known as 'Dot', was in a convent)
- ↑ Discovering that Italian clients of a hairdresser at Capri diverted themselves with music while waiting for their turn, Elgar composed this piece for their general benefit
- ↑ Biography and hymns of Thomas Toke Lynch (1818–1871)
- ↑ At the time he wrote the lyrics, William de Courcy Stretton was a 46-year old wealthy retired Captain of the Royal Artillery, living in Salcombe, Devon. He was the son of Col. Severus William Lynam Stretton (1793–1884) of Nottingham who had served in both Peninsular Wars, and the Hon. Catherine Adela de Courcy, youngest daughter of the 28th Lord Kinsale, premier baron of Ireland
- ↑ Anthony Goetz was the son of Ludovic Goetz and Muriel Foster, a favourite singer and personal friend of Elgar’s
- ↑ Winifred Stephens was sister of the singer Muriel Foster, and her husband Jeffrey Stephens worked for the Gramophone Company which made the first recording of Elgar's music, including Carissima
- ↑ John Brownlie, D.D. (1857–1925) Scottish hymnologist – photo and biography
- ↑ George Alfred Stocks (1858–1934) had in 1909 written and published The Records of Blackburn Grammar School in two volumes
- 1 2 3 Elgar made four visits to the USA: the last in 1911. He wrote three songs: "The Merry-go-round" for (children's) voices in unison with piano accompaniment; "The Brook" a simple two-part song with piano accompaniment; and "Windlass Song" for four-part voices (SATB) unaccompanied. The songs were published by Silver, Burdett & Co. of New York City in "The Progressive Music Series", books Two (1914), Three (1915) and Four (1915) respectively. All three songs are short: "The Merry-go-round" 13 bars with two verses – the tune of this is simple and the notation unusually large, indicating that this was written for young children; "The Brook" 13 bars with three verses; and "Windlass Song" 14 bars with four verses. Elgar signed a schedule excluding their publication in any form apart from that series, and specifically not to be published outside the USA, though in 1921 Elgar gave permission for them to be published in the Canadian edition of that series. (Information provided on 1 April 1980 by Elsie Plant, Senior Editor Music Publications, Silver Burdett Company, 250 James Street, Morristown, NJ)
- ↑ Florence C. Fox (1861–1933) was an American writer of books and poems, and lyricist of songs for children. Her children's books include "Fox's Indian Primer" about American Indians and how they lived.
- ↑ Ellen Soule (1847–1928) lived in Pasadena, LA. She was dean of women at Northwestern University, and writer of short stories and volumes of poetry, the best-known called "Overflow". Between 1916 and 1917 she was president of the Pasadena Browning Society. She married professor of physics Henry Smith Carhart and they had three children.
- ↑ Richard Marden was a pseudonym of the composer
- ↑ Orr, Scott Allan (2022). "The Origins, Development, and Legacy of Elgar's Memorial Chimes (1923)" (PDF). Beiaard- en klokkencultuur in de Lage Landen [Carillon and Bell Culture in the Low Countries]. 1 (1 ed.). Amsterdam University Press: 81–101. doi:10.5117/BKL2022.1.004.ORR. S2CID 249082470.
- ↑ William Wooding Starmer (1866–1927) was Professor of Campanology in the University of Birmingham and a Fellow of The Royal Academy of Music, London. He was an organist and musicologist, and a keen proponent of carillon music in the early 20th century
- ↑ According to the composer's markings in the manuscript ( Young 1973 , p. 407)
- ↑ The Civic Fanfare was written for the mayoral procession at the opening of the Three Choirs Festival at Hereford on 4 September 1927. The orchestration includes fanfares for the orchestral brass accompanied by wind and percussion; but the only strings which take part are violas, celli and double basses. The work was intended to precede a performance of Elgar's transcription of 'God Save the King' and ends with a side-drum roll which leads directly into the National Anthem, when the violins join in at the same time as the choir.
- 1 2 Kay, Robert (December 2011). "Gerald Lawrence, Elgar and the missing Beau Brummel Music" (PDF). The Elgar Society Journal. 17 (3): 13–14. Retrieved 19 June 2016.
- ↑ Rev. Harcourt B. S. Fowler of Elmley Castle
- ↑ Queen Alexandra's Memorial Ode was written with accompaniment for orchestra, but was performed by a military band, and all parts have been lost
- 1 2 3 Stephen Moore was a young Worcester schoolmaster, and the three songs were written for him to complete a contract with publishers Keith Prowse
- ↑ John Austin was a local violinist, leader of the Worcester Philharmonic, who assisted Elgar in the copying out, checking and playing through of parts, for example Gerontius and the Violin Concerto( Moore 1984 , pp. 243, 348).
- ↑ Mina was Elgar's Cairn terrier
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Sir Edward William Elgar, 1st Baronet, was an English composer, many of whose works have entered the British and international classical concert repertoire. Among his best-known compositions are orchestral works including the Enigma Variations, the Pomp and Circumstance Marches, concertos for violin and cello, and two symphonies. He also composed choral works, including The Dream of Gerontius, chamber music and songs. He was appointed Master of the King's Musick in 1924.
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References
- Kennedy, Michael (1987). Portrait of Elgar (3rd ed.). Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-284017-7.
- McVeagh, Diana M. (2007). Elgar the Music Maker . Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell Press. ISBN 978-1-84383-295-9.
- Moore, Jerrold N. (1984). Edward Elgar: A Creative Life. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-315447-1.
- Porte, J. F. (1921). Sir Edward Elgar. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Turner & Co. Ltd.
- Young, Percy M. (1973). Elgar O. M.: A Study of a Musician. London: Collins. OCLC 869820.
