List of hujjatul Islams

Last updated

This is a partial list of hujjatul Islams, a title given to mid ranked Twelver Usuli Shi'a Muslim clerics. [1]

Contents

The next higher clerical rank is ayatollah, followed by grand ayatollah. This list contains only the names of those who have attained the rank hojjatol Eslam/ hojjatol Eslam wa Muslimeen. To see the list of ayatollahs or grand ayatollahs, [2] see the following articles: List of ayatollahs; List of current maraji; List of deceased maraji.

Hierarchy of titles for Shia Muslim clerics: [3]

Current

This is a list of hujjatul Islams who are alive. The list is arranged in descending order of age, (oldest to youngest).

NoImageNameBirth date
CE
Birth placeResidenceNotes
1 Mehdi Karroubi in Isfahan - 15 May 2009 (cropped).jpg Mehdi Karroubi

مهدی کروبی‎
26 September 1937 (age 87) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Aligudarz, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran Currently under house arrest [4]
2 Ghodratollah Alikhani.jpg Ghodratollah Alikhani

قدرت‌الله علیخانی
1939 (age 8485) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Takestan County, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
3 Muhammad al-Tijani al samawi.jpg al-Sayyid Muhammad al-Tijani al-Samawi

السيد محمد التيجاني السماوي
2 February 1943 (age 81) Flag of Tunisia.svg Gafsa, Tunisia Flag of Tunisia.svg Tunisia Ex-Sunni preacher [5]
4 Mohammad Khatami - December 11, 2007.jpg Seyed Mohammad Khatami

سید محمد خاتمی
14 October 1943 (age 81) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Ardakan, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran 5th President of Iran
5 Hjh lslm mHmdy glpygny .jpg Gholamhossein Mohammadi Golpayegani

غلامحسین محمدی گلپایگانی‎
1943 (age 8081) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Golpayegan, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
6 Ali Akbar Nategh-Nouri.jpg Ali Akbar Nategh-Nouri

علی‌اکبر ناطق‌نوری‎
6 October 1944 (age 80) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Nur, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
7 Ayatolah-pishvaee02.jpg Seyyed Mohammad Javad Pishvai

سید محمد جواد پیشوایی
1944 (age 7980) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Bandar-e Anzali, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
8 qry'ty.jpg Mohsin Qara'ati

محسن قرائتی
1945 (age 7879) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Kashan, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
9 Ayatullah Abdolhussein Moezi.JPG Abdul Hussein Mo'ezzi

عبدالحسين معزی
1945 (age 7879) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Tehran, Iran Flag of the United Kingdom.svg London, United Kingdom Representative of Ali Khamenei in England [6]
10 Ahmad Salek 1.jpg Ahmad Salek

احمد سالک
1946 (age 7778) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Isfahan, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
11 Hadi Khamenei 02.jpg Seyed Hadi Khamenei

سید هادی خامنه‌ای
1947 (age 7677) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Mashhad, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran Younger brother of current Supreme Leader of Iran [7]
12 Ayatollah Mohammad-Taghi Khalaji.gif Mohammad-Taghi Khalaji

محمد تقی خلجی
31 March 1948 (age 76) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Isfahan, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran Arrested in 2010 [8]
13 Rasoul Montajabnia 1398050620074617317983704.jpg Rasoul Montajabnia

رسول منتجب‌نیا
13 July 1948 (age 76) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Shiraz, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran Official Website
14 Hassan Rouani 2017 portrait.jpg Hassan Rouhani

حسن روحانی
12 November 1948 (age 76) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Sorkheh, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran 7th President of Iran
15 Subhi al-Tufayli

صبحي الطفيلي
1948 (age 7576) Flag of Lebanon.svg Brital, Lebanon Flag of Lebanon.svg Lebanon Former leader of Hezbollah
16 mHmd Hsn rHymyn.jpg Mohammad Hassan Rahimian

محمد حسن رحیمیان
1948 (age 7576) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Isfahan, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
17 Abdolmoghim Nasehi.jpg Abdolmoghim Nasehi

عبدالمقیم ناصحی
March 11, 1949 (age 75) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Tehran, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
18 Allahsukur Pasazad@ - VOA.jpg Allahshukur Hummet Pashazadeh

Allahşükür Hümmət Paşazadə
الله شكورحمت باشازاده
26 August 1949 (age 75) Flag of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic (1956-1991).svg Cil, Azerbaijan SSR Flag of Azerbaijan.svg Azerbaijan Current Sheikh-ul-Islam and Grand Mufti of the Caucasus [9]
19 `ly flHyn3.jpg Ali Fallahian

علی فلاحیان
23 October 1949 (age 75) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Najafabad, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran Second Minister of Intelligence of Iran
20 Mohammad Jafar Montazeri 2018.jpg Mohammad Jafar Montazeri

محمدجعفر منتظری
1949 (age 7475) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Qom, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran Current Attorney General of Iran
21 hdy Gfry.jpg Hadi Ghaffari

هادی غفاری
25 June 1950 (age 74) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Azarshahr, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran Alleged killer of Amir-Abbas Hoveyda [10]
22 Abdullah Nouri.jpg Abdollah Noori

عبدالله نوری
1950 (age 7374) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Isfahan, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
23 Mohammad Yazbek.jpg Mohammad Yazbek

محمد يزبك
1950 (age 7374) Flag of Lebanon.svg Bodai, Lebanon Flag of Lebanon.svg Lebanon One of the founders of Hezbollah [11]
24 Hojjat-ol-Islam Kazem Seddiqi 05.jpg Kazem Seddiqi

کاظم صدیقی‎
4 March 1951 (age 73) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Abhar, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran Current temporary Friday prayer leader in Tehran
25 Jawad Naqvi.jpg Syed Jawad Naqvi

سید جواد نقوی
5 March 1952 (age 72) Flag of Pakistan.svg Haripur, Pakistan Flag of Pakistan.svg Pakistan Official Website
26 Seyed Mohammad Ali Mosavi

سیدمحمدعلی موسوی
1952 (age 7172) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Qom, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
27 Hassan Aboutorabi Fard.jpg Seyed Mohammad Hassan Aboutorabi Fard

سید محمدحسن ابوترابی‌فرد
30 January 1953 (age 71) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Qom, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
28 Mahmoud salavati.jpg Mahmoud Salavati

محمود صلواتی
21 March 1953 (age 71) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Khomeyni Shahr, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
29 Mohammad Ali Rahmani 2018-06-09.jpg Mohammad Ali Rahmani

محمدعلی رحمانی
25 March 1953 (age 71) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Quchan, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
30 Mohsen Rohami 1394031011580720454031410.jpg Mohsen Rohami

محسن رهامی
24 May 1953 (age 71) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Khodabandeh, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
31 Naim Kassim (01).jpg Naim Qassem

نعيم قاسم
1953 (age 7071) Flag of Lebanon.svg Kfar Fila, Lebanon Flag of Lebanon.svg Lebanon Deputy Secretary-General of Hezbollah
32 Majead Ansari 2016.jpg Majid Ansari

مجید انصاری‎
30 March 1954 (age 70) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Khanuk, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
33 Sayyed Ali Qazi Askar by Tasnimnews (cropped).jpg Ali Qazi Askar

علی قاضی عسکر
26 May 1954 (age 70) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Isfahan, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
34 Moosavi Lari 02.jpg Abdolvahed Mousavi Lari

عبدالواحد موسوی لاری
1954 (age 6970) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Mohr, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
35 Hadi ghabel 3.jpg Hadi Ghabel

هادی قابل
27 June 1955 (age 69) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Torbat-e Jam, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
36 Ali Younesi (cropped).jpg Ali Younesi

علی یونسی
26 August 1955 (age 69) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Nahavand, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran Fourth Minister of Intelligence in Iran
37 Abdul Mahdi al-Salami

عبد المهدي السلامي
1955 (age 6869) Flag of Iraq (1924-1959).svg Karbala, Iraq Flag of Iraq.svg Karbala, Iraq Representative of Ali al-Sistani in Iraq [12]
38 Gholamhossein Mohseni-Ezhe'i 2018.jpg Gholam-Hossein Mohseni-Eje'i

غلامحسین محسنی اژه‌ای
29 September 1956 (age 68) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Isfahan, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran Fifth Minister of Intelligence in Iran
39 syd `bdlnby mwswyfrd3.jpg Seyyed Abdul-Nabi Mousavi Fard

سید عبدالنبی موسوی فرد
1956 (age 6768) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Jahrom, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran Current Representative of the Supreme Leader of Iran in Khuzestan & Friday prayer leader in Ahvaz
40 Jalal al-Din Ali al-Saghir

جلال الدين علي الصغير
14 September 1957 (age 67) Flag of Iraq (1924-1959).svg Najaf, Iraq Flag of Iraq.svg Iraq -
41 Heydar Moslehi 2019.jpg Heydar Moslehi

حیدر مصلحی
1957 (age 6667) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Shahreza, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran Sixth Minister of Intelligence in Iran
42 Seyyed Abdul Fattah Nawab.jpg Abdul Fattah Nawab

سید عبدالفتاح نواب
1957 (age 6667) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Shahreza, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
43 Abbas Amirifar.jpg Abbas Amirifar

عباس امیری‌فر
1957 (age 6667) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
44 Photo taken during Iranian oral history (abtahi) project by Hossein Dehbashi uploaded by Mardetanha (51) (cropped).jpg Mohammad-Ali Abtahi

محمدعلی ابطحی
29 September 1958 (age 66) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Mashhad, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
45 mrtDy aqthrny1.jpg Morteza Aghatehrani

مرتضی آقاتهرانی
1958 (age 6566) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Isfahan, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
46 Hmd mrwy3.jpg Ahmad Marvi

احمد مروی
1958 (age 6566) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Mashhad, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
47 Nasser Biria.jpg Mohammad Nasser Saghaye-Biria

محمدناصر سقای بی‌ریا
1958 (age 6566) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Kermanshah, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
48 Abulhassan Navab.jpg Abdol Hassan Navab

سید ابوالحسن نواب
1958 (age 6566) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Shahreza, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
49 qsm rwnbkhsh.jpg Qasem Ravanbakhsh

قاسم روانبخش
1958 (age 6566) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Meybod, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
50 Mohsen Kadivar- January 2012.jpg Mohsen Kadivar

محسن کدیور
8 June 1959 (age 65) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Fasa, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran Research professor of Islamic Studies at Duke University [13]
51 Asghar Dirbaz.jpg Asgar Dirbaz

عسگر دیرباز
1959 (age 6465) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Mianeh, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
52 SlHy mnsh, stndr sbq qm (7).jpg Mohammad Sadegh Salehimanesh

محمدصادق صالحی‌منش
1959 (age 6465) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Yazd, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
53 `ly bnyy Ali Banaei 23.jpg Ali Banaei

علی بنایی
1959 (age 6465) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Qom, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
54 Mostafa Pourmohammadi press conference 2014-10-18 01.jpg Mostafa Pourmohammadi

مصطفی پورمحمدی‎
9 March 1960 (age 64) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Qom, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran Official Website
55 Eslami.jpg Seyed Hassan Eslami Ardakani

سید حسن اسلامی اردکانی
23 December 1960 (age 63) Flag of Iraq (1959-1963).svg Karbala, Iraq Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
56 Mohammad Reza Mirtajodini.jpg Seyed Mohammad Reza Mirtajodini

سید محمدرضا میرتاج‌الدینی
30 December 1960 (age 63) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Tabriz, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
57 Mohsen Ghomi.jpg Mohsen Qomi

محسن قمی‎
1960 (age 6364) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Pakdasht, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran Current member of the Assembly of Experts
58 Habib Boromand Dashghapu

حبیب برومند داشقاپو
21 March 1961 (age 63) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Germi, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
59 Bagher Kharazi in the election commission.jpg Seyed Mohammad Bagher Kharazi

سید محمدباقر خرازی
26 June 1961 (age 63) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Qom, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
60 Ahmad Mazani.jpg Ahmad Mazani

احمد مازنی
1961 (age 6263) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Bandar-e Gaz, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
61 myrqsmt mwswySl.jpg Seyed Mir Ghesmat Mosavi Asl

سید میرقسمت موسوی‌اصل
1961 (age 6263) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Germi, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
62 al-Sayyid Mustafa al-Musawi al-Qazwini

السيد مصطفى الموسوي القزويني
1961 (age 6263) Flag of Iraq (1959-1963).svg Karbala, Iraq Flag of the United States.svg Orange County,United States of America -
63Syed Fida Hussain Bukhari

سید فدا حسین بخاری
1961 (age 6263) Flag of Pakistan.svg Punjab, Pakistan Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom -
64 Ashtiani-Khatib-Rahimi 2024 (cropped) 2.jpg Seyed Esmaeil Khatib

سید اسماعیل خطیب
1961 (age 6263) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Qaen, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran Current Minister of Intelligence in Iran
65 Sheikh Mansour Leghaei.jpg Mansour Leghaei

منصور لقائى
14 May 1962 (age 62) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Abadan, Iran Flag of Australia (converted).svg Sydney, Australia Official Website
66 Seyyed Mahdi Ghoreishi.jpg Seyed Mehdi Ghoreishi

سید مهدی قریشی
1963 (age 6061) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Urmia, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran Current Representative of the Supreme Leader of Iran in West Azerbaijan and Friday Prayer leader in Urmia
67 Ahmad Vaezi

احمد واعظی
1963 (age 6061) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Rey, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
68 Hossein Taeb02.jpg Hossein Taeb

حسین تائب
1963 (age 6061) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Tehran, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran Current head of the IRGC's Intelligence Organisation [14]
69 Mojtaba Zonnour.jpg Mojtaba Zonnour

مجتبی ذوالنور
1963 (age 6061) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Malayer, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
70 Hamid-shahriari.jpg Hamid Hawali Shahriari

حمید حوالی شهریاری
1963 (age 6061) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Tehran, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
71 Rasul jafarian.jpg Rasul Jafarian

رسول جعفریان
30 June 1964 (age 60) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Khvorasgan, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran Official Website
72 al-Sayyid Hassan al-Musawi al-Qazwini

السيد حسن الموسوي القزويني
16 October 1964 (age 60) Flag of Iraq (1959-1963).svg Karbala, Iraq Flag of the United States.svg Dearborn Heights, United States of America Official Website
73 Qaeminia.jpg Alireza Qaeminia

علیرضا قائمی‌نیا
1964 (age 5960) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Urmia, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
74 Alireza Salimi

علیرضا سلیمی
1964 (age 5960) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Mahallat County, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
75 Hachem Safieddine.jpg Sayyid Hashem Safieddine

سید هاشم صفي الدين
1964 (age 5960) Flag of Lebanon.svg Deir Qanoun En Nahr, Lebanon Flag of Lebanon.svg Lebanon -
76 Nasrollah Pejmanfar 1397023112085781614196374.jpg Nasrollah Pejmanfar

نصرالله پژمان‌فر
1964 (age 5960) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Tehran, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
77 Vaez Mousavi.JPG Seyed Mohammad Vaez Mousavi

سید محمد واعظ موسوی
1964 (age 5960) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Shabestar, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran Official Website
78 Alireza Panahian 1397-03-20.jpg Alireza Panahian

علیرضا پناهیان
17 April 1965 (age 59) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Tehran, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran Official Website
79 Cleric Ali Salman, head of Al Wefaq delivering a speech during a pro-democracy sit-in in Muqsha'a 2.JPG Ali Salman Ahmed Salman

علي سلمان أحمد سلمان
30 October 1965 (age 59) Flag of Bahrain.svg Bilad Al Qadeem, Bahrain Flag of Bahrain.svg Bahrain Currently facing life in prison [15]
80 Mohammad Ali Shomali

محمدعلى شمالى
22 December 1965 (age 58) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Tehran, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
81 Mohammad Javad Hajaliakbari 01.jpg Muhammad Javad Haj Ali Akbari

محمدجواد حاج‌علی‌اکبری‎
1965 (age 5859) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Damavand, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran One of the Temporary Friday Prayer leaders in Tehran
82 Mostafa Khamenei .jpg Seyyed Mostafa Hosseini Khamenei

سید مصطفی حسینی خامنه‌ای‎
1965 (age 5859) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Mashhad, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran Eldest son of the Current Supreme Leader in Iran (Ali Khamenei) [16]
83 Mohammad Hassan Ghadrdan Gharamaleki

محمد حسن قدردان قراملکی
1965 (age 5859) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Tabriz, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
84 Seyyed Ahmad Reza Shahrokhi.jpg Seyed Ahmad Reza Shahrokhi

سید احمدرضا شاهرخی
1966 (age 5758) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Khorramabad, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran Current Representative of the Supreme Leader of Iran in Lorestan & Friday Prayer leader in Khorramabad
85 Syed Kalbe Jawad Naqvi 2010-11-30.jpg Syed Kalbe Jawad Naqvi

سید کلب جواد نقوی
1966 (age 5758) Flag of India.svg Lucknow, India Flag of India.svg India -
86 Mohammad Hadi Mofatteh.jpg Mohammad Hadi Mofatteh

محمدهادى مفتح
9 April 1967 (age 57) Flag of Germany.svg Hamburg, Germany Flag of Germany.svg Hamburg, Germany Head of Islamic Centre Hamburg
87 Mir Ahmad Reza Hajati.jpg Mir Ahmad Reza Hajati

میراحمدرضا حاجتی
1967 (age 5657) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Masjed Soleyman, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
88 Ali Shirazi cleric.jpg Ali Shirazi

علی شیرازی
22 November 1969 (age 55) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Rafsanjan, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
89 Seyed Sajjad Izdehi

سید سجاد ایزدهی
1970 (age 5354) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Mazandaran, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
90 Ammar al-Hakim 2015.jpg Sayyid Ammar al-Hakim

سید عمار الحكيم
1971 (age 5253) Flag of Iraq (1963-1991).svg Najaf, Iraq Flag of Iraq.svg Iraq Official Website
91 Mohammad Bagheri

محمد باقری
1971 (age 5253) Flag of Iraq (1963-1991).svg Najaf, Iraq Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
92 Seyed Kazem Seyed Bagheri

سید کاظم سیدباقری
1971 (age 5253) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Kerman, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
93 Hassan Khomeini by Tasnimnews.jpg Sayyed Hassan Khomeini

سيد حسن خمينی‎
23 July 1972 (age 52) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Qom, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran Grandson of the First Supreme Leader of Iran (Ruhollah Khomeini)

Official Website

94 Hjt lslm rD nwry.jpg Reza Nouri

رضا نوری
1972 (age 5152) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Bojnord, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
95 Ruhollah Beigi Eilanlu

روح‌الله بیگی ئیلانلو
1973 (age 5051) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Miandoab, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
96 Qais Khazali (02).jpg Qais Hadi Sayyid Hassan al-Khazali

قيس هادي سيد حسن الخزعلي
20 June 1974 (age 50) Flag of Iraq (1963-1991).svg Sadr City, Iraq Flag of Iraq.svg Iraq -
97 Moqtada al-Sader in tehran 2019 (cropped).jpg al-Sayyid Muqtada al-Sadr

السید مقتدى الصدر
4 August 1974 (age 50) Flag of Iraq (1963-1991).svg Najaf, Iraq Flag of Iraq.svg Iraq Leader of the Sadrist Movement [17]
98 Masoud Khamenei 1.jpg Seyed Masoud Hosseini Khamenei

سید مسعود حسینی خامنه‌ای
1974 (age 4950) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Mashhad, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran Son of current Supreme Leader of Iran (Ali Khamenei) [18]
99 Hassan Namazi.jpg Hassan Namazi

حسن نمازی
1975 (age 4849) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Qom, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
100 Syed Ali Raza Rizvi

سيد على رضا رضوى
1976 (age 4748) Flag of Pakistan.svg Lahore, Pakistan Flag of the United Kingdom.svg London, United Kingdom -
101 Seyed Abbas Mousavi Motlagh.jpg Seyed Abbas Mousavi Motlagh

سید عباس موسوی مطلق
20 January 1977 (age 47) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Dorud, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran Official Website
102 Mahdi Modaressi London - Ashura Speech.jpg al-Sayyid Mohammad al-Mahdi al-Husseini al-Modaressi

السید محمد المهدي الحسيني المدرسي
1977 (age 4647) Flag of Kuwait.svg Kuwait Flag of the United States.svg United States of America Official Website
103 Mohammad Qomi 02 (1).jpg Mohammad Qomi

محمد قمی
1980 (age 4344) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Qom, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
104 Syed Ali Nasir Saeed Abaqati 2010-12-21 Sheikhpur.jpg Syed Ali Nasir Saeed Abaqati

سید علی ناصر سعيد عبقاتی
Unknown? Flag of India.svg Lucknow, India Flag of India.svg India -
105 Ayatullah Hamidul Hasan.jpg Syed Hamid al-Hassan

سید حمید الحسن
Unknown? Flag of India.svg Lucknow, India Flag of India.svg Lucknow, India -

Deceased

This is a list of hujjatul Islams that have died. The list is arranged in descending order of their date of passing.

NoImageNameYear of birth
CE
Year of death
CE
Place of birthPlace of deathNotes
1 Syed Ahmad Musavi Hindi

سيد احمد موسوى هندى
18001869 (aged 6869) Flag of India.svg Kintoor, India Flag of Persia (1910-1925).svg Khomeyn, Iran Paternal Grandfather of Ruhollah Khomeini
2 Mirza Hasan Tahirzadeh

میرزا حسن طاهرزاده
30 May 183721 June 1893(1893-06-21) (aged 56) Flag of Russia.svg Shusha, Russian Empire Flag of Russia.svg Tbilisi, Russian Empire Fourth Sheikh ul-Islam of the Caucasus
3 Mirza reza kermani.jpg Mirza Reza Kermani

میرزا رضا کرمانی
185410 August 1896(1896-08-10) (aged 41–42) Flag of Persia (1910-1925).svg Kerman, Iran Flag of Persia (1910-1925).svg Tehran, Iran Assassinated Nasser al-Din Shah Qajar [19]

Was executed by hanging. [19]

4 Abdussalam Akhundzadeh.jpg Akhundzadeh Abd al-Salam

آخونــدزاده عبدالســلام
13 January 184318 November 1907(1907-11-18) (aged 64) Flag of Russia.svg Salyan, Russian Empire Flag of Russia.svg Tbilisi, Russian Empire Fifth Sheikh ul-Islam of the Caucasus
5 Seyyed Jamal Vaez.jpg Seyed Jamalodin Vaeiz Esfahani

سید جمال‌الدین واعظ اصفهانی
18624 June 1908(1908-06-04) (aged 45–46) Flag of Persia (1910-1925).svg Hamadan, Iran Flag of Persia (1910-1925).svg Tehran, Iran Killed by a hitman ordered by Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar
6 Seqat-ol-Eslam Tabrizi.PNG Mirza Ali Aqa Tabrizi

میرزا علی‌آقا تبریزی
19 January 186131 December 1911(1911-12-31) (aged 50) Flag of Persia (1910-1925).svg Tabriz, Iran Flag of Persia (1910-1925).svg Tabriz, Iran -
7 Shaikh Mohammad Khiabani.jpg Sheikh Mohammad Khiabani

شیخ محمد خیابانی‎
18791920 (aged 4041) Flag of Persia (1910-1925).svg Khameneh, Iran Flag of Persia (1910-1925).svg Tabriz, Iran -
8 Pishnamazzadeh.jpg Mohammad Pishnamaz Zadeh

محمد پیشنماززاده
15 May 18531937 (aged 8384) Flag of Russia.svg Ganja, Russian Empire Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Ganja, Soviet Union Seventh Sheikh ul-Islam of the Caucasus
9 Bachir Moustafa Hammoud

بشیر مصطفی حمود
19061945 (aged 3839) Flag of Lebanon.svg Choukine, Lebanon Flag of Lebanon.svg Choukine, Lebanon -
10 'Hmd rD.jpg Ahmad Rida

أحمد رضا
18721953 (aged 8081) Flag of Lebanon.svg Nabatieh, Ottoman Syria Flag of Lebanon.svg Nabatieh, Lebanon -
11 Navvad Safavi.jpg Seyed Mojtaba Mir-Lohi

سيد مجتبی میرلوحی
192418 January 1956(1956-01-18) (aged 31–32) Flag of Persia (1910-1925).svg Tehran, Iran State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Tehran, Iran Founder of Fada'iyan-e Islam [20]

Was executed by firing squad [21]

12 Ahmed Aref El-Zein.jpeg Ahmed Aref El-Zein

أحمد عارف الزين
10 July 188413 October 1960(1960-10-13) (aged 76) Flag of Lebanon.svg Shhur, Lebanon State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Khorasan, Iran -
13 Seyed Esmail Balhki

سید اسماعیل بلخی
191814 July 1968(1968-07-14) (aged 49–50) Flag of the Taliban.svg Balkhab, Afghanistan Flag of the Taliban.svg Kabul, Afghanistan -
14 Seyyed-mostafa khomeini.jpg Seyed Mostafa Khomeini

سید مصطفی خمینی
12 December 193023 October 1977(1977-10-23) (aged 46) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Qom, Iran Flag of Iraq (1963-1991).svg Najaf, Iraq Son of first Supreme Leader of Iran, Ruhollah Khomeini.
15 Khwaja Muhammad Latif Ansari.jpg Muhammad Latif Ansari

محمد لطیف انصاری
30 September 18871979 (aged 9192) British Raj Red Ensign.svg British India Flag of Kenya.svg Kenya -
16 Abbas Mohammad Montazeri

عباس محمد منتظری
21 March 194428 June 1981(1981-06-28) (aged 37) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Najafabad, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Tehran, Iran Assassinated by Mujahideen-e Khalq, alongside Mohammad Beheshti and 31 others [22]
17 Mohammad Javad Bahonar.jpg Mohammad-Javad Bahonar

محمدجواد باهنر‎‎
5 September 193330 August 1981(1981-08-30) (aged 47) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Kerman, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Tehran, Iran Assassinated by Mujahideen-e Khalq [23]
18 Hbyb llh ashwry.jpg Habibollah Ashouri

حبیب‌الله آشوری
193618 September 1981(1981-09-18) (aged 44–45) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Gonabad, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Tehran, Iran Executed by firing squad
19 Hasheminejad.jpg Seyed Abdolkarim Hasheminejad

سید عبدالکریم هاشمی‌نژاد
193230 September 1981(1981-09-30) (aged 48–49) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Behshahr, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Mashhad, Iran Assassinated by Mujahideen-e Khalq
20 Hassan Emami.jpg Seyed Hassan Emami

سید حسن امامی
19031981 (aged 7778) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Tehran, Iran Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Lausanne, Switzerland Fled Iran after the Iranian Revolution, was connected with the Shah
21 Syed Arif Hussain al-Hussaini

سید عارف حسين الحسينى
25 November 19465 August 1988(1988-08-05) (aged 41) British Raj Red Ensign.svg Parachinar, India Flag of Pakistan.svg Peshawar, Pakistan -
22 Abbas al Musawi.jpg Sayyid Abbas al-Musawi

سید عباس الموسوي
26 October 195216 February 1992(1992-02-16) (aged 39) Flag of Lebanon.svg Al-Nabi Shayth, Lebanon Flag of Lebanon.svg Nabatieh Governorate, Lebanon Co-founder of Hezbollah. Assassinated by Israel
23 Portrait of Ahmad Khomeini - 1995 (cropped).jpg Seyyed Ahmad Khomeini

سید احمد خمینی‎
14 March 194617 March 1995(1995-03-17) (aged 49) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Qom, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Tehran, Iran Son of first Supreme Leader of Iran, Ruhollah Khomeini
24 Majlis 1.jpg Syed Hassan Naqvi

سید حسن نقوى
193518 October 1996(1996-10-18) (aged 60–61) British Raj Red Ensign.svg Lucknow, India Flag of India.svg Lucknow, India -
25 Syed Ali Akhtar Rizvi

سید علی اختر رضوی
19 September 194810 February 2002(2002-02-10) (aged 53) British Raj Red Ensign.svg Bihar, India Flag of India.svg Bihar, India -
26 Syed Saeed Akhtar Rizvi

سيد سعيد اختر رضوي
5 January 192720 June 2002(2002-06-20) (aged 75) British Raj Red Ensign.svg Bihar, India Flag of Tanzania.svg Dar es Salaam, Tanzania -
27 al-Sayyid Abd al-Majid al-Musawi al-Khoei

السید عبد المجيد الموسوي الخوئي
16 August 196210 April 2003(2003-04-10) (aged 40) Flag of Iraq (1959-1963).svg Najaf, Iraq Flag of Iraq.svg Najaf, Iraq -
28 Ahmed al-Waeli al-Laithi al-Kinani

أحمد الوائلي الليثي الكناني
192814 July 2003(2003-07-14) (aged 74–75) Flag of Iraq (1924-1959).svg Najaf, Iraq Flag of Iraq.svg Kadhimiya, Iraq Known for his presentation style in Iraq
29 Allama Hassan Turabi

علامہ حسن ترابی
195314 July 2006(2006-07-14) (aged 52–53) Flag of Pakistan.svg Shigar, Pakistan Flag of Pakistan.svg Karachi, Pakistan -
30 lshykh `bdlmyr ljmry - lbHryn.jpg Abdul Amir al-Jamri

عبدالأمير الجمري
1 March 193818 December 2006(2006-12-18) (aged 68) Flag of Bahrain.svg Bani Jamra, Bahrain Flag of Bahrain.svg Manama, Bahrain -
31 Ali Davani

علی دوانی
27 September 19298 January 2007(2007-01-08) (aged 77) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Davan, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Tehran, Iran -
32 Abolaziz Hakim.jpg Sayyid Abd al-Aziz al-Hakim

سید عبد العزيز الحكيم
195226 August 2009(2009-08-26) (aged 56–57) Flag of Iraq (1924-1959).svg Najaf, Iraq Flag of Iran.svg Tehran, Iran 66th Prime Minister of Iraq
33 AliGolzadeh.png Ali Golzadeh Ghafouri

علی گلزاده غفوری
14 May 19231 January 2010(2010-01-01) (aged 86) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Qazvin, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Tehran, Iran -
34 Abdullah al-Dahdouh

عبد الله الدهدوه
196612 March 2012(2012-03-12) (aged 45–46) Flag of Morocco.svg Tangier, Morocco Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Brussels, Belgium An ex-Sunni convert to Shia Islam, was murdered by Moroccan Sunnis in Belgium.
35 Hmd qbl.jpg Ahmad Ghabel

احمد قابل
1954October 22, 2012(2012-10-22) (aged 57–58) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Torbat-e Jam, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Mashhad, Iran Sentenced to prison, died while under hospital arrest
36 Hassan bin Mohammad bin Shehata bin Musa al-Anani

حسن بن محمد بن شحاتة بن موسى العناني
10 November 194623 June 2013(2013-06-23) (aged 66) Flag of Egypt.svg Sharqia Governorate, Egypt Flag of Egypt.svg Giza Governorate, Egypt An ex-Sunni scholar who converted to Shia Islam, was murdered by an angry mob of Sunnis in front of his home in Egypt alongside 4 others.
37 Muhammad Musa Shariefi

محمد موسی شریفی
194211 December 2013(2013-12-11) (aged 70–71) British Raj Red Ensign.svg Kargil, India Flag of India.svg Kargil, India -
38 Maulana Mirza Mohd Athar.jpg Mirza Mohammed Athar

میرزا محمد اظر
1 January 193726 February 2016(2016-02-26) (aged 79) British Raj Red Ensign.svg Lucknow, India Flag of India.svg New Delhi, India -
39 Jafar Shojouni 06 (3).jpg Jafar Shojouni

جعفر شجونی
19326 November 2016(2016-11-06) (aged 83–84) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Fuman, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Tehran, Iran [24]
40 Qassim Umar Sokoto.jpg Qasim Umar Sokoto

قاسم عمر سوکوتو
Unknown?5 February 2018 Flag of Nigeria.svg Sokoto, Nigeria Flag of Nigeria.svg Sokoto, Nigeria -
41 Mehdi Tabatabaei 1393.jpg Seyyed Mehdi Tabatabaei Shirazi

سید مهدی طباطبایی شیرازی‎
21 March 193617 May 2018(2018-05-17) (aged 82) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Rafsanjan, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Tehran, Iran [25]
42 Ahmad Ahmadi.jpg Ahmad Ahmadi

احمد احمدی
6 September 19338 June 2018(2018-06-08) (aged 84) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Malayer, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Tehran,Iran -
43 Seyed Ali Akbar Mousavi Hosseini

سید علی‌اکبر موسوی حسینی
193921 June 2018(2018-06-21) (aged 78–79) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Tehran, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Tehran, Iran -
44 Hussayn bin al-Haj Muhammad Qasim al-Kurani al-Yateri al-Ameli

حسين بن الحاج محمد قاسم الكوراني الياطري العاملي
195512 September 2019(2019-09-12) (aged 63–64) Flag of Lebanon.svg Yater, Lebanon Flag of Lebanon.svg Beirut, Lebanon -
45 Talib Jauhari

طالب جوہری
27 August 192921 June 2020(2020-06-21) (aged 90) British Raj Red Ensign.svg Patna, India Flag of Pakistan.svg Karachi, Pakistan -
46 Ruhollah Hosseinian.jpg Ruhollah Hosseinian

روح الله حسینیان
5 March 195625 August 2020(2020-08-25) (aged 64) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Shiraz, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Tehran,Iran -
47 Dr. Kalbe Sadiq.jpg Syed Kalbe Sadiq Naqvi

سید کلب صادق نقوی
22 June 193924 November 2020(2020-11-24) (aged 81) British Raj Red Ensign.svg Lucknow, India Flag of India.svg Lucknow, India -
48 Mohammad-Ali Shahidi 1398051414014637618039364.jpg Seyed Mohammad Ali Shahidi Mahallati

سید محمد علی شهیدی محلاتی
9 July 194928 November 2020(2020-11-28) (aged 71) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Mahallat, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Tehran,Iran -
49 Ali Akbar Mohtashamipur.jpg Seyyed Ali Akbar Mohtashamipur

سید علی‌اکبر محتشمی‌پور‎
August 30, 19477 June 2021(2021-06-07) (aged 73) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Tehran, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Tehran,Iran [26]
50 Nassir2.jpg Abdillahi Nassir

عبداللهی ناصر
1 June 193211 January 2022(2022-01-11) (aged 89) Flag of Kenya.svg Mombasa, Kenya Flag of Kenya.svg Mombasa, Kenya -
51 Picture of Agha Hamid Moosavi Pakistani Shia Leader.jpg Agha Syed Hamid Ali Shah Moosavi

آغا سید حامد علی شاہ موسوی
12 May 193025 July 2022(2022-07-25) (aged 92) British Raj Red Ensign.svg Tharparkar, British India Flag of Pakistan.svg Islamabad, Pakistan -
52 Mohammad Reza Ashtiani Araghi

محمد رضا آشتیانی عراقی
194023 June 2023(2023-06-23) (aged 82–83) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Qom, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
53 Hassan Sane'i.jpg Hassan Sane'i

حسن صانعی
193421 July 2023(2023-07-21) (aged 88–89) State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg Nikabad, Iran Flag of Iran.svg Iran -
54 Sayyid Nasrallah.jpg Sayyid Hassan Nasrallah

سید حسن نصرالله
31 August 1960September 27, 2024(2024-09-27) (aged 64) Flag of Lebanon.svg Bourj Hammoud, Lebanon Flag of Lebanon.svg Beirut, Lebanon Former Leader of Hezbollah until 2024, after being assassinated by Israel.
55 Sheikh Nabil Qaouk.jpg Nabil Qaouk

نبيل قاووق
20 May 196428 September 2024(2024-09-28) (aged 60) Flag of Lebanon.svg Ebba, Lebanon Flag of Lebanon.svg Dahieh, Lebanon Former deputy head of Hezbollah's executive council. Assassinated by Israel.

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ayatollah</span> High-ranking title given to Usuli Twelver Shīa Muslim clerics

Ayatollah is an honorific title for high-ranking Twelver Shia clergy. In Iran, it came into widespread usage in the 20th century.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Husayn Burujardi</span> Iranian Grand Ayatollah (1875-1961)

Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Hossein Ali Tabatabaei Borujerdi was a leading Iranian Shia Marja' in Iran from approximately 1947 to his death in 1961. He was a major proponent for the elimination of Baha'is in Iran.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mohammad-Reza Mahdavi Kani</span> Iranian Ayatollah (1931–2014)

Ayatollah Mohammad Reza Mahdavi Kani was an Iranian Shia cleric, writer and conservative and principlist politician who was Prime Minister of Iran from 2 September until 29 October 1981. Before that, he was Minister of Interior in the cabinets of Mohammad-Ali Rajai and Mohammad-Javad Bahonar. He was the leader of Combatant Clergy Association and Chairman of the Assembly of Experts and also founder and president of Imam Sadiq University.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Navvab Safavi</span> Iranian cleric (1924–1956)

Sayyid Mojtaba Mir-Lohi, more commonly known as Navvab Safavi, was an Iranian Shia cleric and founder of the Fada'iyan-e Islam group. He played a role in assassinations of Abdolhossein Hazhir, Haj Ali Razmara and Ahmad Kasravi. On 22 November 1955, after an unsuccessful attempt to assassinate Hosein Ala', Navvab Safavi and some of his followers were arrested. In January 1956, Safavi and three other members of Fada'iyan-e Islam were sentenced to death and executed.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Naser Makarem Shirazi</span> Iranian Shia marja and religious leader (born 1927)

Grand Ayatollah Naser Makarem Shirazi is an Iranian Shia marja' and religious leader.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lotfollah Safi Golpaygani</span> Iranian Grand Ayatollah (1919-2022)

Lotfollah Safi Golpaygani was an Iranian Grand Ayatollah. He was at one point the most senior Twelver Shia scholar (Marja') in Iran until his death. He resided in Qom and taught Islam in the Qom Seminary.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sadeq Larijani</span> Iranian Ayatollah (b. 1963)

Sadeq Ardeshir Larijani, better known as Amoli Larijani, is an Iranian scholar, conservative politician, and current chairman of Expediency Discernment Council. He is the former and fifth Chief Justice of the judicial system of Iran after the 1979 revolution.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom</span> Political party in Iran

The Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom is an Iranian group founded in 1961/3 by the leading Muslim clerics of Qom. Established by the students of Ayatollah Khomeini after his exile to Iraq, it was formed in order to organize political activities of Khomeini's followers and promote his revolutionary interpretation of Islam, such as the idea of Islamic government. Since the 1979 revolution, it has largely become the body to keep the regime's registrar of who counts as a grand ayatollah, an ayatollah and a hojjat ul Islam. It has a head who is appointed by the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Republic. It currently heads the Supreme Council of Qom Hawzas, and proposes judges to the judiciary system. The body gained international prominence when it announced in 1981 that Ayatollah Shariatmadari was no longer a source of emulation (marja'). It has demoted a number of clerics over the last three decades. A recent case was that of Ayatollah Yousef Saanei, who for his solidarity with the green movement was demoted from marja' to hojatoleslam. The society also includes Ayatollah Sistani on its list.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ebrahim Raisi</span> President of Iran from 2021 to 2024

SayyidEbrahim Raisolsadati, better known as Ebrahim Raisi, was an Iranian politician who served as the eighth president of Iran from 2021 until his death in 2024. He was a Muslim jurist and part of the Principlist group.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ahmad Marvi</span> Iranian Twelver Shia cleric

Ahmad Marvi is an Iranian Twelver Shia cleric, former general and former police officer who was appointed as the custodian of Astan Quds Razavi by the supreme leader of Iran, Seyyed Ali Khamenei.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kazem Nourmofidi</span> Iranian Ayatollah

Seyed Kazem Noor Mofidi is a Supreme Leader's representative in Golestan Province, the leader of congregational Friday prayers of Gorgan, and a former member of the Assembly of Experts in Iran. He is considered the oldest Friday prayer leader in the country and the only representative of the reformist Supreme Leader in Iran.

Ayatollah Sayyid Hussein al-Husayni al-Shirazi is an Iraqi Twelver Shia cleric. He is a son of Grand Ayatollah Sadiq al-Shirazi. He is currently the head of his father's office and is residing in Qom, Iran.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Seyed Reza Bahaadini</span> Shiite jurist and mystic from Iran

Seyed Reza Bahaadini was an Iranian Shia jurist, teacher of ethics and practical mysticism. He was one of the disciples of Abdul-Karim Haeri Yazdi, Seyyed Mohammad Hojjat Kooh Kamari, Seyyed Mohammad Taghi Khansari and Hossein Borujerdi. His greatest occupation and fame was his public or private debates on Islamic ethics courses, which lasted until the last days of his life.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Karamatollah Malek-Hosseini</span> Iranian Ayatollah (1924-2012)

Seyed Ayatollah Karamatollah Malek-Hosseini was an Iranian Ayatollah and member of the Second, Third and Fourth terms of the Assembly of Experts.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abdol Javad Alamolhoda</span> Iranian Ayatollah (1930–2020)

Seyed Abdol Javad Alamolhoda was an Iranian ayatollah. He was the older brother of Ahmad Alamolhoda, the Friday prayer leader in Mashhad. He was also the founder of Al-Qaim Seminary in Tehran.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nasrallah Shah-Abadi</span> Iranian Ayatollah (1930-2018)

Sheikh Nasrallah Shah-Abadi Persian: شیخ نصرالله شاه آبادی, was an Iranian Ayatollah. He represented the people of Tehran Province in the Fifth term of the Assembly of Experts.

Molla Ahmad Naraqi also known as known as “Fauzel Narauqee”, was a Shi'i cleric ("mullah"), who has been called "the first Shi‘i jurisprudent to argue for wilayat al-faqıh al-siyasıyah, or "the divine mandate of the jurisprudent to rule" during the occultation of the Imam. The concept of wilayat al-faqıh or Velayat-e Faqıh came to the attention of the world when Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini led the Islamic Iranian Revolution in 1978-9 and established the Islamic Republic of Iran using wilayat al-faqıh as its governing principal. Naraqi's work called for the system in his technical fiqh work entitled Awa’id al-ayyam predating the call by the Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini for this system in his lectures and book Islamic Government by more than a century.

<i>Islamic Philosophy from its Origin to the Present</i> 2006 book by Seyyed Hossein Nasr

Islamic Philosophy from its Origin to the Present: Philosophy in the Land of Prophecy is a book by Seyyed Hossein Nasr, Iranian philosopher and University Professor of Islamic studies at George Washington University. The book is a history and overview of Islamic philosophy covering its origins in the 9th century to the modern era.

Hamid Ghareh-Hassanlou was arrested in nationwide protests in Iran after the death of Mahsa Amini. He is a Gonabadi dervish and a medical doctor who specializes in medical imaging. He was charged with killing a Basiji member during the funerals of Hadis Najafi by the Islamic Revolutionary Court in Karaj. His wife, Farzaneh Ghareh-Hassanlou was arrested the same day. They were reportedly beaten during the arrest, and Hamid's ribs were later reported broken.

References

  1. Hamid, Algar (2004-12-15). "Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica". iranicaonline.org. Retrieved 2022-02-19.
  2. "What is Taqleed and what is its Importance?". 2012-12-17. Archived from the original on 2012-12-17. Retrieved 2022-02-19.
  3. Nasr, Seyyed Vali Reza; Nasr, Seyyed Hossein; Dabashi, Hamid (1989). Expectation of the Millennium: Shi'ism in History. State University of New York Press. ISBN   978-0887068447.
  4. "Iran: Mir Hossein Mousavi and Mehdi Karroubi 'arrested'". BBC News. 2011-02-28. Retrieved 2022-02-25.
  5. "A Meeting on Board the Ship". www.al-islam.org. 2012-10-15. Retrieved 2022-02-25.
  6. "حجت الاسلام معزی: عمق‌بخشی به فرهنگ دینی یک ضرورت در هلال احمر است". خبرآنلاین (in Persian). 2021-12-19. Retrieved 2022-02-25.
  7. Zahedi, Dariush. The Iranian Revolution Then and Now: Indicators of Regime Instability Westview Press: 2001. p. 50.
  8. "Iran: Cleric detained for criticizing violations". Amnesty International. Retrieved 2022-02-25.
  9. "NCSJ - EAJC Update: July 2003". 2008-05-16. Archived from the original on 2008-05-16. Retrieved 2022-02-25.
  10. Abbas Milani, The Persian Sphinx: Amir Abbas Hoveyda and the Riddle of the Iranian Revolution (Mage Publishers, 2000)
  11. "Middle East Transparent". 2013-09-21. Archived from the original on 2013-09-21. Retrieved 2022-02-25.
  12. "Iraqi cleric warns of 'threat to peace'". BBC News. Retrieved 2022-02-25.
  13. "Mohsen Kadivar | Scholars@Duke". scholars.duke.edu. Retrieved 2022-02-25.
  14. "Hosein Taeb « IRAN RISES" . Retrieved 2022-02-25.
  15. "Bahrain opposition leader sentenced to life in prison". BBC News. 2018-11-04. Retrieved 2022-02-25.
  16. "تولد اولین فرزند سیدعلی در روزهای فقر و نداری + عکس". مشرق نیوز (in Persian). 2012-12-09. Retrieved 2022-02-25.
  17. Hroub, Khaled (2012). Political Islam: Context Versus Ideology. Saqi. ISBN   978-0-86356-883-1.
  18. "Will Khamenei's Son Play a Role in Iranian Succession?". The Washington Institute. Retrieved 2022-02-25.
  19. 1 2 "Historic Personalities of Iran: Mirza Reza Kermani". www.iranchamber.com. Retrieved 2022-02-21.
  20. Farhad Kazemi, "The Fada'iyan-e Islam: Fanaticism, Politics and Terror" in Said Amir Arjomand (ed.), From Nationalism to Revolutionary Islam, SUNY Press (1984), p. 160
  21. Al-awsat, Asharq. "Middle-east Arab News Opinion". Asharq Al-Awsat . Retrieved 2022-02-21.
  22. "33 HIGH IRANIAN OFFICIALS DIE IN BOMBIMG AT PARTY MEETING; CHIEF JUDGE IS AMONG VICTIMS". The New York Times. Reuters. 1981-06-29. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved 2022-02-21.
  23. Newton, Michael (17 April 2014). Famous Assassinations in World History: An Encyclopedia [2 volumes]. Abc-Clio. ISBN   9781610692861.
  24. "Hojjatoleslam Jafar Shojouni dies at 84". Tehran Times . 2016-11-06. Retrieved 2022-02-21.
  25. "بر اثر ابتلا به بیماری حجت‌الاسلام والمسلمین طباطبایی دار فانی را وداع گفت / مراسم تشییع، 10 صبح جمعه". Fars News Agency (in Persian). Archived from the original on 2018-05-20. Retrieved 2021-01-06.
  26. "Ali Akbar Mohtashamipour, Shiite cleric and a founder of Hezbollah, dies at 74". Washington Post . ISSN   0190-8286 . Retrieved 2022-02-21.