List of members of the Council of Keble College, Oxford

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Samuel Wilberforce, Bishop of Oxford and then of Winchester, served on the Council of Keble College from 1870 to 1873; this photograph was taken by Lewis Carroll. Samuel Wilberforce.jpg
Samuel Wilberforce, Bishop of Oxford and then of Winchester, served on the Council of Keble College from 1870 to 1873; this photograph was taken by Lewis Carroll.

Keble College, one of the colleges of the University of Oxford, was established by public subscription in 1868 as a memorial to the clergyman John Keble. He was one of the leaders of the Oxford Movement, whose members were often called "Tractarians"; they aimed to reform the Church of England by reasserting its links with the early Catholic church. The college was incorporated by royal charter dated 6 June 1870. Under its terms, the governance of the college was in the hands of the Warden (the head of the college) and a council of nine to twelve members; the Warden could veto almost any decision of the council and so was in a strong position. [1] [2] Other Oxford colleges, in contrast, were run by the head of the college and the Fellows. By keeping matters relating to religion and the college's internal affairs in the hands of the council, rather than college academics (termed Tutors at Keble during this period), the founders hoped to maintain Keble's religious position as "a bastion of 'orthodox' Anglican teaching" against the opponents of Tractarianism. [3] The council even had power to move the college away from Oxford (subject to the consent of the Visitor, the Archbishop of Canterbury) if it transpired that Oxford was not a suitable home. [2] [4]

In total, 54 men served on the council, 11 of whom were college alumni; in 1903, Arthur Winnington-Ingram (Bishop of London) became the first former Keble student to join the council. Appointment was for life or until resignation rather than for a fixed term; the council had power to fill vacancies. [2] The first members were drawn from the committee of the Keble Memorial Fund whose work had raised the money to build the college. The council met three times per year, including a meeting on St Mark's Day (25 April) – this was not only John Keble's birthday but the date on which the foundation stone was laid in 1868, and so was adopted by the college for commemorations and celebrations. [5]

Most of the members of the council came from outside the college, and many did not have other continuing links with the university. It has been described as "an external Council of ecclesiastical worthies". [6] There were often arguments during meetings about the future direction of the college when Edward Stuart Talbot was Warden (from the college's foundation until 1888). [5] Over time, the Tutors came to have a greater influence on the direction of the college, a change recognised in 1930 when the council ceded control of internal administration and academic matters to the Warden and Fellows (as the Tutors were then retitled). It retained management of finances and ecclesiastical patronage, until Harry Carpenter (Warden from 1939 to 1955) persuaded the council to transfer its remaining powers to the Warden and Fellows. [7] This placed the college "on a constitutional par with the older colleges of the University." [8] The council ceased to exist after 9 April 1952, the date on which new statutes of the college that placed full management in the hands of the Warden and Fellows were approved by the Queen in Council. [1]

Council members

Gathorne Gathorne-Hardy, 1st Earl of Cranbrook, a member of the council from 1870 to 1898 1st Earl of Cranbrook.jpg
Gathorne Gathorne-Hardy, 1st Earl of Cranbrook, a member of the council from 1870 to 1898
Henry Herbert, 4th Earl of Carnarvon, a council member from 1870 to 1882 4th Earl of Carnarvon.jpg
Henry Herbert, 4th Earl of Carnarvon, a council member from 1870 to 1882
Edward King, Bishop of Lincoln and a council member from 1885 to 1910 Edward King.png
Edward King, Bishop of Lincoln and a council member from 1885 to 1910
John Sankey, 1st Viscount Sankey, who was Lord Chancellor from 1929 to 1935, was a council member from 1927 to 1948. 1stViscountSankey.jpg
John Sankey, 1st Viscount Sankey, who was Lord Chancellor from 1929 to 1935, was a council member from 1927 to 1948.
William Stubbs, a member of the council from 1890 to 1901 Portrait of William Stubbs by Hubert von Herkomer.jpeg
William Stubbs, a member of the council from 1890 to 1901
Key
Members of the Council of Keble College, Oxford
NameStartEndNotes
Mountague Bernard 18701882 Chichele Professor of Public International Law (1859–74); Fellow of All Souls College (1870–82)
19501952 Anglican priest, who was an honorary canon of Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford
William Bright 18701901 Regius Professor of Ecclesiastical History (1868–1901)
Sir John Buchanan-Riddell 18991924Barrister; High Sheriff of Northumberland (1897); father of Sir Walter Buchanan-Riddell (also a member of the council) [9]
Sir Walter Buchanan-Riddell 19231934Principal of Hertford College (1922–29); son of Sir John Buchanan-Riddell (also a member of the council)
Frederick Bulley 18801885President of Magdalen College (1855–85)
Vincent Coles 19101924Principal of Pusey House (1897–1909)
Christopher Eastwood 19371952Assistant Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies (1947–52 and 1954–56)
Cyril Garbett (OM)19241950 Bishop of Southwark (1919–32); Bishop of Winchester (1932–42); Archbishop of York (1942–55)
Hugh Gascoyne-Cecil, 1st Baron Quickswood 18981952Fellow of Hertford College (1892–36); MP for Greenwich (1895–1906) and for Oxford University (1910–37); raised to the peerage in 1941
Gathorne Gathorne-Hardy, 1st Earl of Cranbrook 18701898 Home Secretary (1867–68); Secretary of State for War (1874–78); Secretary of State for India (1878–80)
Hucks Gibbs, 1st Baron Aldenham 18731907A Director of the Bank of England (1853–1901, Governor 1875–77); MP for the City of London (1891–92); raised to the peerage in 1896; a nephew of the wealthy trader William Gibbs (owner of Tyntesfield) who paid for the construction of the chapel [10]
19251946Merchant banker with Anthony Gibbs and Sons from 1882; became a partner of the firm in 1897 [11]
Vicary Gibbs 19061921 MP for St Albans (1892–1904)
Henry Herbert, 4th Earl of Carnarvon 18701882 Secretary of State for the Colonies (1866–67 and 1874–78); Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (1885–86)
Nugent Hicks 19341942Dean of the college (1901–09); Bishop of Gibraltar (1927–33); Bishop of Lincoln (1933–42)
Sir Samuel Hoare 19191922 MP for Chelsea (1910–44); Home Secretary (1937–39)
John Johnston (OM)19141923Principal of Cuddesdon College, an Anglican theological college (1895–1913)
Edward King 18851910 Regius Professor of Pastoral Theology (1873–85); Bishop of Lincoln (1885–1910)
Francis Leighton 18711880Warden of All Souls College (1858–81)
Henry Liddon 18701890 Dean Ireland's Professor of the Exegesis of Holy Scripture (1870–82)
Walter Lock 18851897Fellow of Magdalen College (1869–92); Dean Ireland's Professor of the Exegesis of Holy Scripture (1895–1919); Lady Margaret Professor of Divinity (1919–27); third Warden of Keble (1897–1920) [12]
Frederick Lygon, 6th Earl Beauchamp 18701891Fellow of All Souls College (1852–56); Lord Steward of the Household (1874–80); vice-president of the Keble Memorial Fund, and a "key member" of the council, who was "consulted at every stage" [13]
Henry Longueville Mansel 18701871 Waynflete Professor of Metaphysical Philosophy (1855–67); Regius Professor of Ecclesiastical History (1867–68); Dean of St Paul's (1868–71)
Frederick Matheson (OM)19211942Dean of the college (1914–21); Dean of Carlisle (1938–42)
Peter Medd 18701908Fellow of University College (1852–77)
Robert Moberly 19011903 Regius Professor of Pastoral Theology (1892–1903)
19231935Tutor in History (1905–18); Secretary of the Representative Body of the Church in Wales (1918–35); also a Governor of the University College of Wales, Aberystwyth [14]
Robert Mortimer (OM)19501952 Regius Professor of Moral and Pastoral Theology (1944–49); Bishop of Exeter (1949–73)
William Newbolt 19011930Principal of Ely Theological College (1887–90)
Robert Ottley 19081920 Regius Professor of Moral and Pastoral Theology (1903–33)
Roundell Palmer, 3rd Earl of Selborne 19501952 MP for Newton (1910–18) and for Aldershot (1918–40); inherited title of Earl of Selborne in 1942; Minister of Economic Warfare (1942–45)
19351952Chairman of the Diocese of Bath and Wells Board of Finance (1936); High Sheriff of Somerset (1947) [15]
Henry Pellew 18701873Honorary Secretary to the Keble Memorial Fund until 1873, when he moved to the United States (later becoming a US citizen); inherited the title of Viscount Exmouth shortly before his death [16] [17]
Edward Bouverie Pusey 18701880 Regius Professor of Hebrew (1828–82); a leader of the Oxford Movement
George Russell 19081919 MP for Aylesbury (1880–85) and for Biggleswade (1892–95); Under-Secretary of State for India (1892–94); Under-Secretary of State for the Home Department (1894–95)
18821905Also the college's bursar (1871–76); previously Lieutenant-Colonel of the Grenadier Guards [18]
John Sankey, 1st Viscount Sankey 19271948 High Court Judge (1914–28); Lord Justice of Appeal (1928–29); Lord Chancellor (1929–35); raised to the peerage as Baron Sankey (1929) and then Viscount Sankey (1932)
18701900Honorary Treasurer of the Keble Memorial Fund; the college's bursar (1876–80); a magistrate in Renfrewshire and Middlesex [17] [18]
Frederick Spurling 18971914Sub-Warden of the college (1897–1906)
William Stubbs 18901901 Regius Professor of Modern History (1866–84); Bishop of Chester (1884–89); Bishop of Oxford (1889–1901)
Edward Keble Talbot 19241949Son of Edward Stuart Talbot (first Warden and a member of the council); Superior of the Community of the Resurrection, Mirfield (1922–40)
Edward Stuart Talbot 18931934First Warden of the college (1870–88); Bishop of Rochester (1895–1905); Bishop of Southwark (1905–11); Bishop of Winchester (1911–23); father of Edward Keble Talbot (also a member of the council) [12]
Sir George Talbot 19001938Fellow of All Souls College (1886–98); High Court Judge (1923–37)
Francis Underhill 19301943 Bishop of Bath and Wells (1937–43)
Sir Harry Vaisey 19391951 High Court Judge (1944–60)
19501952Chartered accountant; Honorary Secretary of the college's Appeal Fund (1951–68) [19]
William Wand 19441952 Archbishop of Brisbane (1934–43); Bishop of Bath and Wells (1943–45); Bishop of London (1945–55)
Richard Temple West 18821893 High Church Anglican priest, who was a Student of Christ Church ("Student" being the term at Christ Church for Fellows); became vicar of St Mary Magdalene, Paddington [20]
Samuel Wilberforce 18701873 Bishop of Oxford (1845–69); Bishop of Winchester (1869–73)
Roger Wilson (OM)19501952 Bishop of Wakefield (1949–58); Bishop of Chichester (1958–74)
Arthur Winnington-Ingram (OM)19031946 Bishop of London (1901–39)
Charles Wood, 2nd Viscount Halifax 18801919President of the English Church Union (1869–1919, 1931–34); father of Edward Wood (also a member of the council)
Edward Wood, 1st Baron Irwin 19191926Son of Charles Wood (also a member of the council); Fellow of All Souls College (1903–33); MP for Ripon (1910–25); Viceroy of India (1926–31); Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (1938–40); raised to the peerage as 1st Baron Irwin in 1925 before succeeding his father as 3rd Viscount Halifax in 1934; further ennobled as 1st Earl of Halifax in 1944

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References

General references
Specific references
  1. 1 2 Drennan, p. 17.
  2. 1 2 3 Mallet, Charles Edward (1968) [1927]. A History of the University of Oxford Volume 3: Modern Oxford. Barnes & Noble. p. 428.
  3. ↑ Cameron and Archer, pp. 15–16.
  4. ↑ Hibbert, p. 207.
  5. 1 2 Cameron and Archer, pp. 14, 19.
  6. ↑ "Keble's Past". Keble College, Oxford . Retrieved 24 November 2009.
  7. ↑ Hibbert, p. 208.
  8. ↑ Cameron and Archer, p. 59.
  9. ↑ "Obituaries: Sir J. W. Buchanan-Riddell". The Times . 3 November 1924. p. 16.
  10. ↑ Cameron and Archer, p. 22.
  11. ↑ Drennan, pp. 40–41.
  12. 1 2 Drennan, p. 1.
  13. ↑ Cameron and Archer, p. 17.
  14. ↑ Drennan, p. 69.
  15. ↑ Drennan, p. 137.
  16. ↑ "Death of Lord Exmouth, American citizen and social worker". The Times. 6 February 1923. p. 12.
  17. 1 2 Cameron and Archer, p. 13.
  18. 1 2 Drennan, p. 3.
  19. ↑ Drennan, p. 193.
  20. ↑ "Obituary". The Times. 11 February 1893. p. 10.
Bibliography

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