List of terrestrial fibre optic cable projects in Africa

Last updated

This is a list of terrestrial fibre optic cable projects in Africa . While submarine communications cables are used to connect countries and continents to the Internet, terrestrial fibre optic cables are used to extend this connectivity to landlocked countries or to urban centers within a country that has submarine cable access. In most of the world, a large number of such cables exist, often amounting to robust Internet backbones. The lack of such high-speed cables poses a great problem for most African countries. The construction of both submarine cables and their terrestrial extensions is thus considered an important step to economic growth and development to many African countries.

Contents

Countries

Algeria

OperatorStartedNotesRef
Algérie Télécom 2011About 200,000 km (120,000 mi) of fiber optic cables had been deployed as of December 31, 2021. [1] [2] [3]

Angola

OperatorStartedNotesRef
Africell 2022 [4] [5]
Angola Telecom 1996 [6] [7]
Unitel 2014 [8]
Zap Fibra2017 [9]

Benin

OperatorStartedNotesRef
Benin Telecoms2016 [10] [11]
Liquid Telecom2018 [12]
Phase3 Telecom 2009 [13]
Suburban Telecoms2007 [14]

Botswana

OperatorStartedNotesRef
Botswana Fibre Networks 2012Completed the Trans-Kalahari Fibre Optic Project in 2008. [15] [16]
Mascom 2013In 2018, Mascom announced they would be laying Botswana's "first fibre-to-the-home service." [17]
Paratus Botswana [18]

Burkina Faso

OperatorStartedNotesRef
Bharti Airtel [19]
Group Vivendi Africa2021 [20] [21]
Onatel2020State-run [21]
Orange S.A. 2021 [19] [21] [22] [23]

Burundi

OperatorStartedNotesRef
Burundi Backbone ServiceBurundi launched an ICT backbone in 2016. [24]
Viettel/Lumitel
Onatel Burundi Website content offline as of 5/24/2018
SEACOM [25]

Cameroon

OperatorStartedNotesRef
MTN Group [26] [27]
Camtel State-owned [28] [29] [30]

Chad

OperatorStartedNotesRef
Camtel 2012 [31] [32]
SudaChad [32] [33]
Sudatel [32]

Cote d'Ivoire

OperatorStartedNotesRef
Cote d'Ivoire Telecom
MTN Group Cote d'Ivoire [34]
National Agency for Universal Service Telecommunications2013In 2013, Huawei began building a 6,700 km national fibre network on behalf of the government. [35] [36]
Orange S.A. Cote d'Ivoire [34] [22] [23]

Democratic Republic of Congo

OperatorStartedNotesRef
Liquid Telecom [37]
Paratus Group2022 [38]

Djibouti

OperatorStartedNotesRef
Djibouti Telecom 2007Government-run [39]
SEACOM [25]

Egypt

OperatorStartedNotesRef
Sudatel [40]
Telecom Egypt [40]

eSwatini

OperatorStartedNotesRef
MTN Group eSwatini [41]
Paratus [41]
Telecom [41]

Ethiopia

OperatorStartedNotesRef
Ethio telecom [42]

Gambia

OperatorStartedNotesRef
Gamtel 2010

Ghana

OperatorStartedNotesRef
AirtelTigo2017Merger of Tigo and Bharti Airtel
Expresso Telecom Ghana
MTN Ghana
National Communications Backbone CompanyNCBC is a subsidiary of Vodafone Ghana.
Orange S.A. [22] [23]
Tigo Merged with Bharti Airtel in 2017 to become AirtelTigo.

Guinea

OperatorStartedNotesRef
Orange S.A. [22] [23]

Kenya

OperatorStartedNotesRef
AccessKenya Group
Airtel Kenya
Jamii Telecom
Kenya Data Networks
Kenya Power
National Optical Fibre Backbone Infrastructure
Safaricom
SEACOM [25]
Telkom Kenya [43]

Liberia

OperatorStartedNotesRef
Orange S.A. [22] [23]

Madagascar

OperatorStartedNotesRef
Telecom Malagasy (Telma)

Malawi

OperatorStartedNotesRef
Malawi TelecommunicationsMTL appears to have completed its domestic fibre optic network in early 2012. [44]
Electricity Supply Corporation of Malawi

Mali

OperatorStartedNotesRef
Gouvernement du MaliIn 2011, the Malian government announced a 942 km fibre optic cable project linking Bamako-Gao-Kidal-Tin-Zaoutière to the Algerian border and Gap-Ansongo-Labezanga to the border of Niger. The project was funded by a $45 million loan from the Exim Bank of China. [45]
Orange S.A. [46] [22] [23]
Sotelma/Malitel [47]

Mauritania

OperatorStartedNotesRef
Mauritel In May 2011, Mauritel launched a fiber optic cable project linking the towns of Nouakchott and Kobonni. [48] [49]

Morocco

OperatorStartedNotesRef
Maroc Telecom 60% of regional fibre network completed in 2010. [50]

Mozambique

OperatorStartedNotesRef
Telecomunicações de Moçambique

Namibia

OperatorStartedNotesRef
NamPower
Paratus AfricaVarious fiber projects deployed since 2011. Full FTTx deployment in various towns. Cross-country backhaul fiber from WACS (West Africa Cable Landing Station) through Namibia connecting various land-locked countries around Namibia.[ citation needed ]
Telecom Namibia [51]

Niger

OperatorStartedNotesRef
SONITEL

Nigeria

OperatorStartedNotesRef
21st Century Technology
Globacom [52] [53]
MTN Group Nigeria
Multi-LinksPurchased by Helios in 2011; at this time, Multi-Links had a terrestrial fibre optic network spanning 8,232 km in Nigeria. [54] [55] [56]
NITEL
Orange S.A. [23]
Phase3 Telecom In 2011, Phase3 were building the West Africa One network, an aerial optic fibre transmission system which runs from Nigeria to Benin and Togo. [57] [58]
Suburban Telecoms

Rwanda

OperatorStartedNotesRef
Green Future2009 [59]
MTN Group Rwanda
Rwanda Development Board The physical deployment of the RDB's network was completed in January 2011. [60] [61]
Rwandatel
SEACOM Partnered with KT Corporation [25]

Senegal

OperatorStartedNotesRef
Orange S.A. [23]
Sonatel [62]

Somalia

OperatorStartedNotesRef
Hormuud Telecom/Liquid Telecom2013 [63]
SEACOM [25]
SomCable Licensed with 25 years of exclusivity for Metro and Backbone fiber optic infrastructure building.[ citation needed ]

South Africa

OperatorStartedNotesRef
Broadband InfracoBroadband Infraco is a South African State Owned Entity (SOE) that is intended to participate in those segments of the telecommunications market and value chain that impede private sector development and innovation in telecoms services and content offerings. Broadband Infraco maintains a national long distance fibre optic network, providing high capacity telecommunication services between all major national metropolitan centres and being expanded to enable connectivity to reach smaller cities and rural areas. [64]
BWiredAnnounced in August 2011, BWired invested $600 million in regional fibre infrastructure. [65]
Dark Fibre AfricaCommunity Investment Ventures (CIV) and VenFin are the principal shareholders in DFA. ABSA Capital, who are a stakeholder in CIV via New GX Capital Holdings, also backs CIV. Shareholders in Dark Fibre Africa have granted the necessary approvals to adequately capitalize the company for the construction of a nationwide Dark Fibre Infrastructure. This funding exceeded R2Bn by 2013. [66]
Fibreco2012Established in 2009 as an equal partnership between CellC, Internet Solutions and Convergence Partners. [67] [68]
Neotel
NLD ConsortiumA consortium made up of Neotel, MTN Group, and Vodacom deployed a national fibre network in South Africa in 2012. [69]
Passenger Rail Agency of South Africa In 2013, PRASA announced plans to lease excess fibre capacity. [70]
Telkom Telkom is the dominant operator and has the largest fibre network in South Africa, covering approximately 143,000 km as per the 2011 annual report. [71] [72]

South Sudan

OperatorStartedNotesRef
South Sudanese Government2013 [73]
SEACOM [25]

Sudan

OperatorStartedNotesRef
Sudatel [33]

Tanzania

OperatorStartedNotesRef
ConsortiumA consortium of TIGO, Zantel, Vodacom, and Airtel.
CTVFiber to the building, mainly in Dar es Salaam.[ citation needed ]
National Information & Communication Technology Broadband Backbone (NICTBB)2010Funded by a soft loan from the Chinese government, the NICTBB is being built by the Tanzanian government and will be operated by the Tanzania Telecommunications Corporation [74] [75]
Raha/Liquid TelecomMetro fiber - Dar es Salaam.[ citation needed ]
SEACOM [25]
SimbaNETMetro fiber - Dar es Salaam.[ citation needed ]
TANESCO

Togo

OperatorStartedNotesRef
Phase3 Telecom 2009 [13]
Togo Telecom [76]

Uganda

OperatorStartedNotesRef
Ministry of Information and Communications Technology/National Information Technology Authority-Uganda
SEACOM 2009 [25] [77]
Uganda Telecom

Zambia

OperatorStartedNotesRef
Copperbelt Energy Corporation (CEC)2008 [78] [79]
Zambia Telecommunications [78]
ZESCO [80]

Zimbabwe

OperatorStartedNotesRef
Africom
Dark Fibre Africa2019 [81] [82]
Liquid Telecom [83]
Powertel
Telecel Zimbabwe 2014 [84]
TelOne2010Built with Chinese workers via Huawei. [85]

Notes

This list was initially developed as part of AfTerFibre, [86] a project to map terrestrial fibre optic cable projects in Africa. The project was sponsored by Google Africa and, on completion, will be hosted by the UbuntuNet Alliance. All information gathered by the project will be publicly available under an open license.[ citation needed ]

See also

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Telecommunications in Armenia</span>

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">SAT-3/WASC</span>

SAT-3/WASC or South Atlantic 3/West Africa Submarine Cable is a submarine communications cable linking Portugal and Spain to South Africa, with connections to several West African countries along the route.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">SEA-ME-WE 4</span> Submarine communications cable system

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Internet in South Africa</span>

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">GO (Malta)</span>

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Telecommunications in Guyana include radio, television, fixed and mobile telephones, and the Internet. Early telecommunications were owned by large foreign firms until the industry was nationalized in the 1970s. Government stifled criticism with a tight control of the media, and the infrastructure lagged behind other countries, Guyana Telephone and Telegraph Company (GT&T) holding a monopoly on most such services. In a 2012 census report on Guyanese households, 55.5% had a radio, 82.7% had a television, 27.8% had a personal computer, and 16.2% had internet at home, 49.3% had a telephone landline, and 70.6% had a cellular phone.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">West Africa Cable System</span> Submarine communications cable linking Africa with the United Kingdom

The West Africa Cable System (WACS) is a submarine communications cable linking South Africa with the United Kingdom along the west coast of Africa that was constructed by Alcatel-Lucent. The cable consists of four fibre pairs and is 14,530 km in length, linking from Yzerfontein in the Western Cape of South Africa to London in the United Kingdom. It has 14 landing points, 12 along the western coast of Africa and 2 in Europe completed on land by a cable termination station in London. The total cost for the cable system is $650 million. WACS was originally known as the Africa West Coast Cable (AWCC) and was planned to branch to South America but this was dropped and the system eventually became the West African Cable System.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">National broadband plan</span> National plans to deploy broadband Internet access

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Angola Cables</span> Angolan telecommunications operator

Angola Cables is an Angolan multinational telecommunications operator of fiber-optic telecommunication cables.

Phase 3 Telecom is an aerial fiber-optic network infrastructure provider, providing connectivity, network management, and data storage services to wholesale, enterprise, and retail customers across West Africa. The company was incorporated in 2003 and is headquartered in Abuja, Nigeria. Licensed by the Nigerian Communications Commission in 2006 - the company in 2014, 2018, and 2022, added more kilometers to its existing coverage area with footprint expansion of its backbone, enterprise network, and broadband services. Phase operates 6,000 kilometres (3,700 mi) and counting open-access aerial fiber-optic network. The company, for over two decades has been vital to growth in Africa's growing ICT market, implementing the Wire Nigeria Project—conceived by the Nigerian Communications Commission to help provide broadband communications access to rural communities. Phase 3 has a broad range of wholesale and enterprise clients including Glo, MTN, 9Mobile, Ntel, Airtel, Smile Communications, World Bank, Julius Berger, Unity Bank, etc. Some of the African countries where the company currently has partner operations include Nigeria, Benin, Togo, and the Republic of Niger.

West Indian Ocean Cable Company (WIOCC) operates as a wholesaler, providing capacity to international telecoms, cloud operators, content providers and internet service providers within and out of Africa. WIOCC offers carriers connectivity to over 550 locations across 30 African countries – utilising more than 75,000 km (47,000 mi) of terrestrial fibre and 200,000 km (120,000 mi) of submarine fibre-optic cable. WIOCC's international network reach currently extends to 100 cities in 29 countries in Europe and more than 700 cities in 70 countries globally.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Terrestrial cable</span> Communications cable crossing land, rather than water

A terrestrial cable is a communications cable which crosses land, rather than water. Terrestrial cable may be subterranean (buried) or aerial, and may be fiber or copper. The term "terrestrial cable" is principally used to distinguish it from submarine cable, although some overlap exists between the two.

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