| Logorik | |
|---|---|
| Laggori, Liguri, Logori, Subori | |
| Native to | Sudan |
| Region | South Kordofan |
| Ethnicity | Logorik |
Native speakers | (2,000 cited 1971) [1] |
| Dialects |
|
| Latin | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | liu |
| Glottolog | logo1261 |
| ELP | Logorik |
 Logorik is classified as Critically Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger | |
Logorik, Subori, or Saburi is a (critically) endangered [2] [3] language spoken in Eastern Sudan and Western Chad. [4] [5]
It is a part of the Nilo-Saharan group and the subcategory of the Eastern Daju languages. [4] [5] It is spoken by the Subori people in the Nuba Mountains and South Kordofan. [4] [5]
Meinhof claims, that there are hardly any similarities between this language and other Kordofan languages vocabulary-wise. [6] At the same time, the Logorik-speaking community is overwhelmingly bilingual; other dominating languages being, among others, Arabic, (due to the Arabic migration in the region). [4] [5] This causes a high percentage of loanwords and grammatical borrowings (mostly Arabic) in the Logorik language. [4]
| i | u | ||
| e | o | ||
| ə | |||
| a |
| p, b | t,d | (ɖ, ʈ) | k,g | (ʔ) | |||
| ɓ | ɗ | f | |||||
| ʧ, tʒ | |||||||
| (f)* | s, z | x | h | ||||
| m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||||
| r | (ɽ) | ||||||
| l | |||||||
| w |
*The labiodental "f" is quite rare and it usually appears in loanwords and other borrowings from foreign languages. [4]
Also, it is worth mentioning, that the glottal stops, symbolized by (ʔ), are present in Logorik. [4]
Logorik is a tonal language, meaning there are high tones and falling tones. [4] When it comes to tones, the tone of a preceding syllable must be different from the one coming after it. [4]
There is no feminine genus in the Logorik language morphology-wise. [4] There are however six other classes and their plural form depends on the final position of the singular form. [4]
A plural form of a noun is created by adding an appropriate suffix. [4]
There are only perfective and imperfective conjugations documented. [4] Prefixes and suffixes play a very important role in signaling the context/tense, e.g. future tense is shown by the prefix and háŋ-; habitual activities by a suffix -cà. [4]
The Kordofanian languages are a geographic grouping of five language groups spoken in the Nuba Mountains of the South Kordofan region of Sudan: Talodi–Heiban languages, Lafofa languages, Rashad languages, Katla languages and Kadu languages. The first four groups are sometimes regarded as branches of the hypothetical Niger–Congo family, whereas Kadu is now widely seen as a branch of the proposed Nilo-Saharan family.
The Fur language is a Nilo-Saharan language spoken by the Fur of Darfur in Western Sudan. It is part of a broader family of languages known as the Fur languages.
The Tagoi language is a Kordofanian language, closely related to Tegali, spoken near the town of Rashad in southern Kordofan in Sudan, about 12 N, 31 E. Unlike Tegali, it has a complex noun class system, which appears to have been borrowed from more typical Niger–Congo languages. It has several dialects, including Umali (Tumale), Goy, Moreb, and Orig. Villages are Moreb, Tagoi, Tukum, Tuling, Tumale, Turjok, and Turum.
Nobiin, also known as Halfawi, Mahas, is a Northern Nubian language of the Nilo-Saharan language family. "Nobiin" is the genitive form of Nòòbíí ("Nubian") and literally means "(language) of the Nubians". Another term used is Noban tamen, meaning "the Nubian language".
The Daju languages are spoken in isolated pockets by the Daju people across a wide area of Sudan and Chad. In Sudan, they are spoken in parts of the regions of Kordofan and Darfur, in Chad they are spoken in Wadai. The Daju languages belong to the Eastern Sudanic subfamily of Nilo-Saharan.
Algerian Arabic, natively known as Dziria, Darja or Derja, is a dialectal variety of Arabic spoken in Algeria. It belongs to the Maghrebi Arabic dialect continuum and is mostly intelligible with the Tunisian and Moroccan dialects.
The Shatt language is a Daju language of the Eastern Daju family spoken by the Shatt people in the Shatt Hills southwest of Kaduqli in South Kordofan province in southern Sudan.
Sungor is an Eastern Sudanic language of eastern Chad and western Sudan and a member of the Taman branch. It is closely related to Tama with some resarchers speaking of a Tama-Assangori continuum.
Khwarshi is a Northeast Caucasian language spoken in the Tsumadinsky-, Kizilyurtovsky- and Khasavyurtovsky districts of Dagestan by the Khwarshi people. The exact number of speakers is not known, but the linguist Zaira Khalilova, who has carried out fieldwork in the period from 2005 to 2009, gives the figure 8,500. Other sources give much lower figures, such as Ethnologue with the figure 1,870 and the latest population census of Russia with the figure 1,872. The low figures are because many Khwarshi have registered themselves as being Avar speakers, because Avar is their literary language.
Katla is a Katla language, closely related to a neighbouring language called Tima. Katla is generally classified as Kordofanian, which is not a uniform branch, and is native to the Nuba Mountains. While Jalad is seen a dialect there is a clear distinction between the two groups. Similarly one can distinguish Katla into east and west Katla dialects, it is believed to be spoken in 11 villages around Jebel Katla and their ethnicity is kàlàk.
Nyala, also known as Dar Fur, Darfur Daju, Daju Darfur, Beke, Dagu, Daju Ferne and Fininga, is an Eastern Sudanic language of Sudan, one of three closely related languages in the area called "Daju". It is spoken near Nyala, the capital of South Darfur province by the Dar Fur Daju people. There are two divergent dialects: Nyala and Lagowa.
Moro is a Kordofanian language spoken in the Nuba Mountains of South Kordofan, Sudan. It is part of the Western group of West Central Heiban Kordofonian languages and belongs to the Niger-Congo phylum. In 1982 there were an estimated 30,000 Moro-speakers. This was before the second Sudan civil war and therefore the recent number of speakers might differ. There can be noted an influence of Arabic and it is suspected that today approximately a fourth of all Moro vocabulary has a relation or an origin in the Arabic language.
Keiga, Yega, or Deiga is a Kadu language spoken in Kordofan. Dialects are Demik (Rofik) and Keiga proper (Aigang).
Afitti is a language spoken on the eastern side of Jebel el-Dair, a solitary rock formation in the North Kordofan province of Sudan. Although the term ‘Dinik’ can be used to designate the language regardless of cultural affiliation, people in the villages of the region readily recognize the terms ‘Ditti’ and ‘Afitti.’ There are approximately 4,000 speakers of the Afitti language and its closest linguistic neighbor is the Nyimang language, spoken west of Jebel el-Dair in the Nuba Mountains of the South Kordofan province of Sudan.
The Hill Nubian languages, also called Kordofan Nubian, are a dialect continuum of Nubian languages spoken by the Hill Nubians in the northern Nuba Mountains of Sudan.
Ebrié, or Cama, is spoken by the Tchaman people in Ivory Coast and Ghana. It is a Potou language of the Kwa branch of the Niger–Congo family of languages.
Nding is a (critically) endangered Niger–Congo language in the Talodi family of Kordofan, Sudan.
The Heiban language, Ebang, or Abul, is a Niger–Congo language in the Heiban family spoken in the town of Heiban located in the Nuba Mountains of Kordofan, Sudan.
Tocho (Tacho) is a Niger–Congo language in the Talodi family spoken in Kordofan, Sudan. It is spoken by approximately 2,700 people in the following villages: Igije, Imanjela, Thodero, Thoge, Tobaredeng, Tocho Goos, Tocho Saraf Jamus, Toderum, Togero, Togiding, Toriya, Torobang, Tothokrek and Turu.
The Nuba Mountains, located in the West Kordofan and South Kordofan states in the south of Sudan, are inhabited by a diverse set of populations speaking various languages not closely related to one another.
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