Mid Bedfordshire (UK Parliament constituency)

Last updated

Mid Bedfordshire
County constituency
for the House of Commons
Mid Bedfordshire (UK Parliament constituency)
Boundaries since 2024
East of England - Mid Bedfordshire constituency.svg
Boundary of Mid Bedfordshire in the East of England
County Bedfordshire
Electorate 71,748 (2023) [1]
Major settlements Ampthill, Flitwick
Current constituency
Created 1918
Member of Parliament Blake Stephenson (Conservative)
SeatsOne
Created from Luton and Biggleswade

Mid Bedfordshire is a constituency [n 1] represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament by Blake Stephenson of the Conservative Party since the 2024 United Kingdom general election. [n 2]

Contents

Constituency profile

This seat comprises small towns and rural areas in the outer parts of the London commuter belt, with the M1 motorway, Midland Main Line, the A1 road, East Coast Main Line and other A roads providing the major north–south commuter links primarily in and out of London. There are several logistics sites including Amazon at Marston Gate. Residents are wealthier than the UK average, and health is around the UK average. [2]

History

Mid Bedfordshire was created under the Representation of the People Act 1918.

It had elected Conservative MPs since the 1931 general election. It was held from 1983 to 1997 by the Attorney General Nicholas Lyell, who then transferred to the newly created seat of North East Bedfordshire; his old seat was won by Jonathan Sayeed, a former MP in Bristol. Sayeed was forced to retire in 2005 due to ill health, following a row over allegations he had profited from his private educational tours of Parliament and a resulting deselection attempt by the constituency party. Nadine Dorries then held the seat until 2023; the Conservative whip was withdrawn from her in 2012 and returned six months later, after she had appeared on the reality television series I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! . [3] Dorries resigned her seat in August 2023. [4] In the ensuing by-election, the seat was taken by Alistair Strathern of the Labour Party, the first time a Labour member had held the seat in its 105-year history. [5] In the 2024 United Kingdom general election the seat was regained by the Conservatives, now represented by Blake Stephenson. Incumbent MP Alistair Strathern had stood in Hitchin instead and was successfully elected there.

Boundaries and boundary changes

1918–1950

The constituency was created as a Division of Bedfordshire by the Representation of the People Act 1918, comprising:

Ampthill and Biggleswade had been part of the abolished Biggleswade Division, and Leighton Buzzard was transferred from the Luton Division.

1950–1974

1Created as an Urban District out of the Rural District of Biggleswade in 1927. [7]

Gained southern and eastern rural areas of Bedford. Leighton Buzzard and surrounding rural areas (equivalent to the abolished Rural District of Eaton Bray, which had been absorbed by the Rural District of Luton) transferred to the new constituency of South Bedfordshire.

1974–1983

As above, apart from changes to the Rural District of Bedford. [6]

The village of Eaton Socon had been absorbed by the Urban District of St Neots and was transferred to the county constituency of Huntingdonshire.

1983–1997

Kempston transferred from the abolished constituency of Bedford. Parts included in the new constituencies of North Bedfordshire (far north-eastern area), South West Bedfordshire (south-western parts) and North Luton (including Flitwick).

1997–2010

Wholesale changes, with eastern parts, comprising about half of the electorate, including Biggleswade and Sandy, being transferred to the new constituency of North East Bedfordshire. Kempston was transferred back to the re-established borough constituency of Bedford. Regained parts of the District of Mid Bedfordshire previously transferred to South West Bedfordshire and North Luton (including Flitwick), together with the parts of the District of South Bedfordshire, also previously in North Luton.

2010–2024

Mid Bedfordshire (UK Parliament constituency)
Map of boundaries 2010–2024

Marginal changes due to revision of local authority wards.

Current

Further to the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, which came into effect for the 2024 general election, the composition of the constituency was defined as follows (as they existed on 1 December 2020):

Eastern areas, including the town of Shefford, were transferred out to the re-established, cross-county boundary constituency of Hitchin.

Following further local government boundary reviews in Bedford [12] [13] and Central Bedfordshire [14] [15] which came into effect in May 2023, the constituency now comprises the following from the 2024 general election:

Members of Parliament

Luton and Biggleswade prior to 1918

ElectionMember [17] Party
1918 Max Townley Conservative
1922 Frederick Linfield Liberal
1924 William Warner Conservative
1929 Milner Gray Liberal
1931 Alan Lennox-Boyd Conservative
1960 by-election Stephen Hastings Conservative
1983 Nicholas Lyell Conservative
1997 Jonathan Sayeed Conservative
2005 Nadine Dorries Conservative
2023 by-election Alistair Strathern Labour
2024 Blake Stephenson Conservative

Elections

Mid Bedfordshire election results 1983-2024 Mid Beds Election Results.png
Mid Bedfordshire election results 1983–2024

Elections in the 2020s

General election 2024: Mid Bedfordshire*
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Blake Stephenson [18] 16,912 34.1 −26.4
Labour Maahwish Mirza [19] 15,59131.4+10.9
Reform UK David Holland [20] 8,59417.3N/A
Liberal Democrats Stuart Roberts [21] 4,0688.2−4.3
Green Cade Sibley [22] 2,5845.2+1.3
Independent Gareth Mackey [23] 1,7003.4+3.4
SDP Richard Brunning [24] 1720.3+0.3
Majority1,3212.7−36.7
Turnout 49,62165.1−6.4
Registered electors 76,218
Conservative hold Swing −18.6

* Vote share changes compared to the 2019 election, not the 2023 by-election.

2023 Mid Bedfordshire by-election* [25]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Alistair Strathern 13,872 34.1 +12.4
Conservative Festus Akinbusoye 12,68031.1−28.7
Liberal Democrats Emma Holland-Lindsay9,42023.1+10.5
Independent Gareth Mackey1,8654.6N/A
Reform UK Dave Holland1,4873.7N/A
Green Cade Sibley7321.8−2.0
Monster Raving Loony Ann Kelly2490.6−0.2
English Democrat Antonio Vitiello1070.3N/A
CPA Sid Cordle1010.2N/A
True & Fair Party Alan Victor930.2N/A
Heritage Alberto Thomas630.1N/A
No description Prince Ankit Love, Emperor of India 270.1N/A
MainstreamChris Rooney240.1N/A
Majority1,1923.0N/A
Turnout 40,72044.1−29.6
Labour gain from Conservative Swing +20.5

* The 2024 boundary changes were not in effect for the by-election.

Elections in the 2010s

2019 notional result [26]
PartyVote %
Conservative 31,03460.5
Labour 10,52520.5
Liberal Democrats 6,42012.5
Green 1,9983.9
Others1,3482.6
Turnout51,32571.5
Electorate71,748
General election 2019: Mid Bedfordshire [27]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Nadine Dorries 38,692 59.8 −1.8
Labour Rhiannon Meades14,02821.7−6.7
Liberal Democrats Rachel McGann8,17112.6+6.6
Green Gareth Ellis2,4783.8+1.0
Independent Alan Victor8121.3N/A
Monster Raving Loony Ann Kelly5360.8−0.3
Majority24,66438.1+4.9
Turnout 64,71773.7−3.0
Conservative hold Swing +2.4
General election 2017: Mid Bedfordshire [28] [29] [30] [31] [32]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Nadine Dorries 38,936 61.6 +5.5
Labour Rhiannon Meades17,95328.4+12.5
Liberal Democrats Lisa French3,7986.0−1.2
Green Gareth Ellis1,7942.8−1.4
Monster Raving Loony Ann Kelly6671.1+0.6
Majority20,98333.2−7.0
Turnout 63,14876.7+5.1
Conservative hold Swing −3.5
General election 2015: Mid Bedfordshire [33] [34] [35] [36] [37] [38] [39] [40]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Nadine Dorries 32,544 56.1 +3.6
Labour Charlynne Pullen9,21715.9+1.1
UKIP Nigel Wickens8,96615.4+10.3
Liberal Democrats Linda Jack4,1937.2−17.7
Green Gareth Ellis2,4624.2+2.8
Independent Tim Ireland3840.7N/A
Monster Raving Loony Ann Kelly2940.5N/A
Majority23,32740.2+12.6
Turnout 58,06071.6−0.6
Conservative hold Swing +1.3

In June 2015 the independent candidate, Tim Ireland, lodged an unsuccessful election petition accusing Nadine Dorries of breaches of section 106 of the Representation of the People Act 1983 by making false statements about his character. [41] [42] The petition was dismissed by the courts on 30 July 2015. [43]

General election 2010: Mid Bedfordshire [44] [45]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Nadine Dorries 28,815 52.5 +5.9
Liberal Democrats Linda Jack13,66324.9+1.4
Labour David Reeves8,10814.8−7.7
UKIP Bill Hall2,8265.1+2.4
Green Malcolm Bailey7731.4−1.2
English Democrat John Cooper7121.3N/A
Majority15,15227.6+5.1
Turnout 54,89772.2+3.5
Conservative hold Swing +2.3

Elections in the 2000s

General election 2005: Mid Bedfordshire [46]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Nadine Dorries 23,345 46.3 −1.1
Liberal Democrats Mark Chapman11,99023.8+4.1
Labour Martin Lindsay11,35122.5−7.6
UKIP Richard Joselyn1,3722.70.0
Green Ben Foley1,2922.6N/A
Veritas Howard Martin7691.5N/A
Independent Saqhib Ali3010.6N/A
Majority11,35522.5+5.2
Turnout 50,42068.3+2.4
Conservative hold Swing −2.6
General election 2001: Mid Bedfordshire [47] [48]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Jonathan Sayeed 22,109 47.4 +1.4
Labour James Valentine14,04330.1−2.4
Liberal Democrats Graham Mabbutt9,20519.7+2.9
UKIP Chris Laurence1,2812.7N/A
Majority8,06617.3+3.3
Turnout 46,63865.9−13.0
Conservative hold Swing +1.9

Elections in the 1990s

General election 1997: Mid Bedfordshire [49]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Jonathan Sayeed 24,176 46.0 −16.4
Labour Neil Mallett17,08632.5+12.7
Liberal Democrats Tim J. Hill8,82316.8+1.0
Referendum Shirley C. Marler2,2574.3N/A
Natural Law Marek J. Lorys1740.3N/A
Majority7,09014.0−22.4
Turnout 52,53478.9−5.5
Conservative hold Swing −14.6 [50]
General election 1992: Mid Bedfordshire [51] [52]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Nicholas Lyell 40,230 58.2 −0.8
Labour Richard A. Clayton15,09221.8+3.7
Liberal Democrats Nikolas Hills11,95717.3−5.6
Liberal Phil Cottier1,5822.3N/A
Natural Law Marek J. Lorys2790.4N/A
Majority25,13836.4+0.4
Turnout 69,14084.4+5.8
Conservative hold Swing −2.3

Elections in the 1980s

General election 1987: Mid Bedfordshire [53]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Nicholas Lyell 37,411 59.0 +2.1
SDP Nikolas Hills14,56023.0−3.9
Labour John Heywood11,46318.1+1.9
Majority22,85136.0+6.0
Turnout 63,43478.6+1.7
Conservative hold Swing +3.0
General election 1983: Mid Bedfordshire [54]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Nicholas Lyell 33,042 56.9
Liberal Monica Howes15,66126.9
Labour John Tizard9,42016.2
Majority17,38130.0
Turnout 58,12376.9
Conservative hold Swing

Elections in the 1970s

General election 1979: Mid Bedfordshire
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Stephen Hastings 37,724 56.87
Labour F.G. Peacock17,14025.84
Liberal C.A.P. Smout11,46717.29
Majority20,58431.03
Turnout 66,33181.32
Conservative hold Swing
General election October 1974: Mid Bedfordshire
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Stephen Hastings 26,885 45.70
Labour J.E. Crow17,55929.85
Liberal P.W. Meyer14,38824.46
Majority9,32615.85
Turnout 58,83278.26
Conservative hold Swing
General election February 1974: Mid Bedfordshire
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Stephen Hastings 28,973 45.28
Labour David F. Harrowell17,86227.92
Liberal P.W. Meyer17,15126.80
Majority11,11117.36
Turnout 63,98685.87
Conservative hold Swing
General election 1970: Mid Bedfordshire
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Stephen Hastings 29,670 52.51
Labour David F Harrowell19,03533.69
Liberal John P. Christian7,79913.80
Majority10,63518.82
Turnout 56,50477.28
Conservative hold Swing

Elections in the 1960s

General election 1966: Mid Bedfordshire
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Stephen Hastings 23,477 46.02
Labour C. Trevor Bell20,36939.98
Liberal Paul L. Rose7,13814.01
Majority3,0786.04
Turnout 50,98482.29
Conservative hold Swing
General election 1964: Mid Bedfordshire
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Stephen Hastings 22,414 46.03
Labour C. Trevor Bell17,09635.11
Liberal Wilfred G. Matthews9,18418.86
Majority5,31810.92
Turnout 48,69483.04
Conservative hold Swing
1960 Mid Bedfordshire by-election
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Stephen Hastings 17,503 45.38 −1.41
Labour Bryan Magee 11,28129.25−6.17
Liberal Wilfred G. Matthews9,55024.76+6.97
New Conservative C. F. H. Gilliard2350.61N/A
Majority6,22216.13+4.76
Turnout 38,56971.1
Conservative hold Swing

Elections in the 1950s

General election 1959: Mid Bedfordshire
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Alan Lennox-Boyd 21,301 46.79
Labour Bryan Magee 16,12735.42
Liberal Wilfred G. Matthews8,09917.79N/A
Majority5,17411.37
Turnout 45,52784.48
Conservative hold Swing
General election 1955: Mid Bedfordshire
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Alan Lennox-Boyd 23,012 54.71
Labour Thomas Skeffington-Lodge 19,04845.29
Majority3,9649.42
Turnout 42,06081.36
Conservative hold Swing
General election 1951: Mid Bedfordshire
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Alan Lennox-Boyd 19,681 45.39
Labour T.L. 'Addy' Taylor17,81841.09
Liberal Donald Tweddle5,86313.52
Majority1,8634.30
Turnout 43,36285.34
Conservative hold Swing
General election 1950: Mid Bedfordshire
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Alan Lennox-Boyd 17,671 41.39
Labour W. Howell15,51236.33
Liberal Ewart Kenneth Martell9,51122.28
Majority2,1595.06
Turnout 42,69486.22
Conservative hold Swing

Elections in the 1940s

General election 1945: Bedfordshire Mid
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Alan Lennox-Boyd 13,954 37.0 −13.3
Labour W Howell12,07332.1+18.9
Liberal Ewart Kenneth Martell11,64130.9−5.5
Majority1,8815.0−8.9
Turnout 37,66873.19−3.10
Conservative hold Swing

General Election 1939–40: Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1940. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place from 1939 and by the end of this year, the following candidates had been selected;

Election in the 1930s

General election 1935: Bedfordshire Mid
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Alan Lennox-Boyd 16,054 50.3 +2.9
Liberal Milner Gray 11,62336.4−6.4
Labour Thomas Henry Knight4,22413.2+3.4
Majority4,43113.89+9.26
Turnout 31,90176.29−2.85
Conservative hold Swing
General election 1931: Bedfordshire Mid
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Alan Lennox-Boyd 15,213 47.4 +6.7
Liberal Milner Gray 13,72642.8−4.1
Labour Henry William Fenner3,1569.8−2.6
Majority1,4874.63N/A
Turnout 32,09579.14
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing

Election in the 1920s

General election 30 May 1929: Bedfordshire Mid
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Milner Gray 14,595 46.9 −1.1
Unionist William Warner 12,68240.7−11.3
Labour Henry William Fenner3,85312.4N/A
Majority1,9136.2N/A
Turnout 31,13079.53
Liberal gain from Unionist Swing +5.1
General election 29 October 1924: Bedfordshire Mid
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Unionist William Warner 12,317 52.0 +10.1
Liberal Frederick Linfield 11,35648.0−3.0
Majority9614.0N/A
Turnout 23,67376.5+3.9
Unionist gain from Liberal Swing
General election 6 December 1923: Bedfordshire Mid [55]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Frederick Linfield 11,310 51.0 −5.5
Unionist William Warner 9,28741.9−1.6
Labour Robert Leonard Wigzell1,5677.1N/A
Majority2,0239.1−3.9
Turnout 22,16472.6+2.5
Liberal hold Swing
General election 15 November 1922: Bedfordshire Mid [56]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Frederick Linfield 11,874 56.5 +11.7
Unionist Max Townley 9,13743.5−11.7
Majority2,73713.0N/A
Turnout 21,01170.1+15.3
Liberal gain from Unionist Swing +11.7

Election in the 1910s

General election 14 December 1918: Bedfordshire Mid [56]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
C Unionist Max Townley 9,07355.2
Liberal Arthur Black 7,35244.8
Majority1,72110.4
Turnout 16,42554.8
Unionist win (new seat)
Cindicates candidate endorsed by the coalition government.

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ A county constituency (for the purposes of election expenses and type of returning officer)
  2. ↑ As with all constituencies, the constituency elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election at least every five years.

References

  1. ↑ "The 2023 Review of Parliamentary Constituency Boundaries in England – Volume two: Constituency names, designations and composition – Eastern". Boundary Commission for England. Retrieved 26 June 2024.
  2. ↑ "Bedfordshire Mid: Seat Details". Electoral Calculus. Retrieved 29 August 2023.
  3. ↑ "Nadine Dorries suspended as Tory MP in I'm a Celebrity row". 6 November 2012. Archived from the original on 29 August 2023. Retrieved 29 August 2023.
  4. ↑ Leigh, Suzanne (26 August 2023). "Tory MP Nadine Dorries quits Commons seat". BBC News. Retrieved 26 August 2023.
  5. ↑ Blewett, Sam (20 October 2023). "Labour wins Mid Bedfordshire in historic by-election result". The Independent.
  6. 1 2 3 Craig, F. W. S. (1972). Boundaries of Parliamentary Constituencies 1885-1972. Chichester: Political Reference Publications. ISBN 0-900178-09-4.
  7. ↑ "Sandy UD through time | Census tables with data for the Local Government District". visionofbritain.org.uk. Retrieved 28 January 2019.
  8. ↑ "The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 1983". legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 28 January 2019.
  9. ↑ "The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 1995". legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 28 January 2019.
  10. ↑ "The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 2007". legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 28 January 2019.
  11. ↑ "The Parliamentary Constituencies Order 2023". Schedule I Part 2 Eastern region.
  12. ↑ LGBCE. "Bedford | LGBCE". lgbce.org.uk. Retrieved 6 April 2024.
  13. ↑ "The Bedford (Electoral Changes) Order 2022".
  14. ↑ LGBCE. "Central Bedfordshire | LGBCE". lgbce.org.uk. Retrieved 6 April 2024.
  15. ↑ "The Central Bedfordshire (Electoral Changes) Order 2021".
  16. ↑ "New Seat Details – Bedfordshire Mid". electoralcalculus.co.uk. Retrieved 6 April 2024.
  17. ↑ Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "B" (part 2)
  18. ↑ LGBT+ Conservatives [@LGBTCons] (23 May 2024). "Congratulations to @LGBTCons member @Blake_MidBeds who was selected this evening as the @Conservatives candidate for Mid Bedfordshire…" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  19. ↑ Labour East [@EofELabour] (21 May 2024). "Congratulations, Maahwish Mirza, Labour's Parliamentary candidate for Mid Bedfordshire!" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  20. ↑ "Find My PPC (Eastern England)" (PDF). Reform UK . Retrieved 15 December 2023.
  21. ↑ "Stuart Roberts for Mid Bedfordshire in the UK parliamentary general election!".
  22. ↑ "Full list of all Green Party candidates at the next general election". Bright Green. 17 September 2023. Retrieved 21 December 2023.
  23. ↑ "Cllr Gareth Mackey for Mid Bedfordshire" – via Facebook.
  24. ↑ "General Election Candidates" . Retrieved 3 June 2024.
  25. ↑ "STATEMENT OF PERSONS NOMINATED, NOTICE OF POLL & SITUATION OF POLLING STATIONS". Central Bedfordshire Council. 22 September 2023. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
  26. ↑ "Notional results for a UK general election on 12 December 2019". Rallings & Thrasher, Professor David Denver (Scotland), Nicholas Whyte (NI) for Sky News, PA, BBC News and ITV News. UK Parliament . Retrieved 11 July 2024.
  27. ↑ "Bedfordshire Mid Parliamentary constituency". BBC News. Retrieved 19 November 2019.
  28. ↑ "General election: 8 June, 2017, Results of the 2017 general election for Central Bedfordshire", centralbedfordshire.gov.uk, retrieved 28 November 2017
  29. ↑ Kirk, Ashley (8 June 2017), "General Election 2017: Full results, Constituency finder: Bedfordshire Mid", The Telegraph, retrieved 28 November 2017
  30. ↑ Bloom, Dan (7 June 2017), "General election candidates 2017: Full list of who is standing in all 650 seats in plain text format", Daily Mirror
  31. ↑ "Statement of persons nominated, notice of poll and situation of polling stations for Mid Bedfordshire" (PDF), centralbedfordshire.gov.uk, Richard Carr, acting returning officer, 8 May 2017, retrieved 19 May 2017
  32. ↑ "Notice of election agents for Mid Bedfordshire" (PDF), centralbedfordshire.gov.uk, Richard Carr, acting returning officer, 8 May 2017, retrieved 19 May 2017
  33. ↑ "Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  34. ↑ "Statement of Persons Nominated And Notice of Poll" (PDF). Acting Returning Officer. 9 April 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 14 April 2015.
  35. ↑ "UK ELECTION RESULTS: BEDFORDSHIRE MID 2015".[ user-generated source? ]
  36. ↑ "nigelwickens.wordpress.com". Archived from the original on 2 February 2015. Retrieved 1 February 2015.[ user-generated source? ]
  37. ↑ "Central Bedfordshire Liberal Democrats". Archived from the original on 26 February 2022 – via Facebook.[ user-generated source? ]
  38. ↑ "Gareth Ellis selected as Green Party candidate for Mid Bedfordshire". 31 July 2019.
  39. ↑ "Tim Ireland: Prospective Independent Parliamentary Candidate for Mid Bedfordshire". 26 July 2010. Retrieved 18 March 2015.[ user-generated source? ]
  40. ↑ "Candidates". OMRLP. 19 February 2015. Retrieved 19 March 2015.
  41. ↑ Perraudin, Frances (10 June 2015). "Nadine Dorries accused of making false claims about opponent during election". The Guardian. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  42. ↑ Green, Chris (10 June 2015). "Nadine Dorries faces challenge after general election smear campaign allegations" . The Independent. Archived from the original on 14 May 2022. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  43. ↑ Green,Chris (30 July 2015). "High Court rejects attempt to unseat Nadine Dorries after legal documents sent to wrong address" . The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 14 May 2022. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  44. ↑ "Election Data 2010". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  45. ↑ "2010 General Election". UK Parliament – MPs and Lords. Retrieved 29 August 2023.
  46. ↑ "Election Data 2005". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  47. ↑ "Election Data 2001". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  48. ↑ "BBC NEWS | VOTE 2001 | RESULTS & CONSTITUENCIES | Bedfordshire Mid". BBC News.
  49. ↑ "Election Data 1997". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  50. ↑ The swing was calculated by the BBC compared with a notional 1992 result. BBC Election '97
  51. ↑ "Election Data 1992". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  52. ↑ "Politics Resources". Election 1992. Politics Resources. 9 April 1992. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
  53. ↑ "Election Data 1987". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  54. ↑ "Election Data 1983". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  55. ↑ British parliamentary election results 1918−1949, Craig, F.W.S.
  56. 1 2 British Parliamentary Election Results 1918−1949, FWS Craig

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