Peterborough (UK Parliament constituency)

Last updated

Peterborough
Borough constituency
for the House of Commons
East of England - Peterborough constituency.svg
Boundary of Peterborough in the East of England
County Cambridgeshire
Electorate 72,273 (2023) [1]
Current constituency
Created 1974 (1974)
Member of Parliament Andrew Pakes (Labour)
SeatsOne
19181974 (1974)
SeatsOne
Type of constituency County constituency
1541–1918
Seats1541–1885: Two
1885–1918: One
Type of constituency Borough constituency

Peterborough is a borough constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom since July 2024 by Andrew Pakes of the Labour Party. The constituency was previously represented by Conservative Party politician Paul Bristow who had been elected in 2019.

Contents

Its current form is the direct, unbroken successor of a smaller constituency that was created in the mid-16th century returning two Members of Parliament (MPs) using the bloc vote system of election and represented in the House of Commons of England until 1707, then in the House of Commons of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800, and then in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1885. From 1885 onwards, the seat has elected one MP using the first-past-the-post system.

Boundaries and boundary changes

Prior to 1918

The earliest known members representing Peterborough were in 1547, shortly after it had gained city status, when Peterborough Cathedral became the seat of the new diocese of Peterborough in 1541. The cathedral had been Peterborough Abbey until the dissolution of the monasteries abolished it in 1539. The new city was not an ancient borough, nor a municipal borough until 1876; no charter survives granting the status of city or the right to Parliamentary representation or delimiting its boundary for electoral purposes. [2] [3]

The centre of the city was an extra-parochial area called the "Minster Precincts" comprising the cathedral close. [3] The commissioners appointed prior to the parallel Great Reform Act and Parliamentary Boundaries Act of 1832 reported that Peterborough's parliamentary boundary, as far as was then known, comprised the Minster Precincts and the south-eastern part of the surrounding parish of Saint John the Baptist, excluding the parish's northern and western townships of Longthorpe, Dogsthorpe (or Dodsthorpe) and Newark-with-Eastfield. [3] The borough franchise was scot and lot in the parish and householder in the Minster Precincts. [4] For parliamentary purposes, the rest of the Soke of Peterborough, north and west of the city, was in the county constituency of Northamptonshire; the area south of the River Nene was in Huntingdonshire; to the east, Thorney was in Cambridgeshire.

The 1832 acts extended the parliamentary borough of Peterborough to the entire parish of Saint John the Baptist (adding 48 qualifying properties [3] ) and retained its two members. [3] (The rural portion of the Soke was included in the Northern division of Northamptonshire.) Under the Boundary Act 1868, the area of New Fletton and Woodstone (south of the River Nene) was transferred from Huntingdonshire. [5] Under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, the borough's representation was reduced from two MPs to one.

1918–1950

In 1918 the parliamentary borough was abolished and replaced with a new division of the parliamentary county of Northampton with the Soke of Peterborough, [7] including the whole of the Soke (which had been created as a separate administrative county by the Local Government Act 1888) and neighbouring parts of the administrative county of Northamptonshire, absorbing the bulk of the abolished Northern division, incorporating Oundle and extending down to and beyond Thrapston and Corby.

1950–1974

Designated as a county constituency under the revisions brought in for the 1950 general election by the Representation of the People Act 1948, with only minor changes to the boundaries of the constituency to reflect a rationalisation of the rural districts of Northamptonshire.

1974–1983

In 1965 the administrative counties of the Soke of Peterborough and Huntingdonshire were combined to form Huntingdon and Peterborough. At the next redistribution, which came into effect for the February 1974 general election, the constituency was redesignated as a Borough Constituency, composed of the local authorities which had comprised the Soke, together with the sparsely populated Rural District of Thorney, which was transferred from the administrative county/constituency of Isle of Ely. The parts in Northamptonshire were transferred to Wellingborough.

1983–1997

As a result of the Local Government Act 1972, the two counties of Huntingdon and Peterborough and Cambridgeshire and Isle of Ely were merged to form the non-metropolitan county of Cambridgeshire, with effect from 1 April 1974. However, the next redistribution did not come into effect until the 1983 general election, when areas to the south of the River Nene, including Fletton and the Ortons, which were now part of the expanded City of Peterborough, were transferred from the abolished constituency of Huntingdonshire. Mainly rural areas to the east (Thorney and Eye) and west (Barnack and Werrington) were transferred to the new constituencies of North East Cambridgeshire and Huntingdon respectively.

1997–2010

The next redistribution, which came into effect for the 1997 general election, saw the creation of North West Cambridgeshire, which took the areas to the south of the River Nene (City of Peterborough wards of Fletton, Orton Longueville, Orton Waterville and Stanground). Werrington was transferred back from Huntingdon.

2010–2024

Peterborough (UK Parliament constituency)
Map of boundaries 2010–2024

Following their review of parliamentary representation in Cambridgeshire which came into effect for the 2010 general election, the Boundary Commission for England made minor alterations to the existing constituencies to deal with population changes, primarily the transfer back of Thorney and Eye from North East Cambridgeshire. There were also marginal changes to take account of the redistribution of City of Peterborough wards. These changes increased the electorate from 64,893 to 70,640. [11] On the enumeration date of 17 February 2000, the electoral quota for England was 69,934 voters per constituency. [11]

Current

Further to the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, which came into effect for the 2024 general election, the composition of the constituency is as follows (as they existed on 1 December 2020):

Marginal loss due to further ward boundary changes.

The current constituency is composed of built-up areas of Peterborough to the north of the River Nene, as well as rural areas to the east and north and comprises approximately 60% of the electorate of the local authority of the City of Peterborough. [13] Remaining parts of the city, composed of residential areas to the south of the River Nene and rural areas to the west of Peterborough form part of the North West Cambridgeshire constituency. [10]

Franchise

The Guildhall, Cathedral Square (1669-1671), site of the former Market Place. Pbguildhall.jpg
The Guildhall, Cathedral Square (1669–1671), site of the former Market Place.

In the unreformed House of Commons the franchise for borough seats varied enormously. Originally the Dean of Peterborough and Cathedral Chapter had claimed the franchise and held that only residents of Minster Precincts were burgesses and so entitled to vote. By the interregnum, the city was one of 37 boroughs in which suffrage was restricted to those paying scot and lot, a form of municipal taxation. In 1800 there were 2,000 registered voters in Northamptonshire and 400 in Peterborough. By 1835 this was 576, or about one per cent of the population. [14] Bribery was general until the introduction of the secret ballot under the Ballot Act 1872. Votes were cast by spoken declaration, in public, at the hustings, erected on the Market Place (now Cathedral Square). [15]

In 1832 the Great Reform Act enfranchised those who owned or leased land worth £10 or more and the Second Reform Act extended this to all householders paying £10 or more in rent per annum, effectively enfranchising the skilled working class, so by 1868 the percentage of voters in Peterborough had risen to about 20% of the population. [16] The Third Reform Act extended the provisions of the previous act to the counties and the Fourth Reform Act widened suffrage further by abolishing practically all property qualifications for men and by enfranchising women over 30 who met minimum property qualifications. This system, known as universal manhood suffrage, was first used in the 1918 general election. However, full electoral equality would not occur until the Fifth Reform Act ten years later.

According to the 2001 census, the population count of Peterborough constituency is 95,103 persons, comprising 46,131 males and 48,972 females. 67.56% of those aged 16–74 are economically active, including 5.92% unemployed; a further 12.26% are retired and 3.08% students. Of a total 39,760 households, 63.80% are owner occupied, fewer than the regional (72.71%) and national (68.72%) averages. [17] Turnout at the 2005 general election was 41,194 or 61.0% of those eligible to vote, below the regional (63.6%) and national (61.3%) figures.

Members of Parliament

The Town Hall, Upper Bridge Street (1930-1933), formerly Narrow Street. Peterborough Town Hall.jpg
The Town Hall, Upper Bridge Street (1930–1933), formerly Narrow Street.

Peterborough sent two members to parliament for the first time in 1547. Before the civil war, many were relatives of the clergy; then for two hundred years after the restoration there was always a Fitzwilliam, or a Fitzwilliam nominee, sitting as member for Peterborough, making it a Whig stronghold. [18] Representation was reduced to one member under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885. [19]

One of the earliest incumbents, Sir Walter Mildmay, member for Peterborough from 1553 to 1554, subsequently became Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1559 to 1589. Later, in the nineteenth century, William Elliot, Whig member from 1802 until his death in 1819, was Chief Secretary to the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland between 1806 and 1807; the Hon. William Lamb (later the 2nd Viscount Melbourne), Whig member from 1816 to 1819, became Home Secretary in 1830 then Prime Minister from 1834 to 1841; and Sir James Scarlett (later the 1st Baron Abinger), Whig member from 1819 to 1830, was, from 1827, Attorney General for England and Wales. [20]

From the formal merger of the breakaway Liberal Unionists with the Conservatives in 1912 and the absorption of rural North Northamptonshire in 1918, Peterborough has been predominantly Conservative; however, it has elected Labour MPs several times from 1929 onwards.

Lord Burghley, as he then was, succeeded the socialist writer and illustrator, Frank Horrabin, who was born in the city and elected under the leadership of Ramsay MacDonald in 1929. [21] David Cecil, 6th Marquess of Exeter, winner of 400m hurdles at the 1928 Summer Olympics, member of the International Olympic Committee for 48 years and chairman of the organising committee of the 1948 Summer Olympics, was the Conservative member from 1931 to 1943.

In 1966, in one of the closest polls in UK history, Sir Harmar Nicholls held the seat by three votes after seven recounts. Nicholls was the Conservative member from 1950 to 1974, when he lost in the October election of that year to Labour's Michael Ward, having held on by just 22 votes after four recounts in the election eight months earlier. [22] The growth in the New Town from 1967 may in part account for Labour's victory here in 1974. In 1979, however, Ward lost the seat to the Conservative Brian Mawhinney, who would represent Peterborough for the entire duration of the incoming Conservative government and was a Cabinet Minister and Conservative Party Chairman during the second Major government (1992–97).

The seat was made more competitive in the 1997 boundary review by the formation of the North West Cambridgeshire seat, which incorporated the rural land outside Peterborough and several Conservative-inclined wards from the city. Since its formation, North West Cambridgeshire has been one of the safest Conservative seats in the country, whilst Peterborough was ranked 93rd in the Conservatives's one hundred most vulnerable seats (the ones which the other parties must take if there is to be a change of government) and 73rd on Labour's target list;[ citation needed ] these factors led Mawhinney to stand in North West Cambridgeshire instead. He retired as an MP in 2005 and was created Baron Mawhinney, of Peterborough in the county of Cambridgeshire.

Helen Clark (née Brinton) won the seat for Labour in 1997. She was defeated by Conservative candidate Stewart Jackson at the 2005 election, following which it was widely reported that Clark was planning to defect to the Conservative Party, [23] an announcement which was not popular locally. [24] However, by early June it emerged that while she had left the Labour Party, she had not in fact joined the Conservatives and did not intend to. [25]

Jackson was re-elected in 2010 with an increased majority, which then fell in 2015. In 2017, Labour's Fiona Onasanya won a majority of 607; this result marked the first time since 1929 that Peterborough voted Labour in an election where the Conservatives won the national popular vote, and the first time it has ever elected a Labour MP in a year in which Labour did not form the government. Furthermore, Peterborough became one of five constituencies – the others being Croydon Central, Enfield Southgate, Leeds North West and Reading East – which elected Labour MPs in 2017 having not done so since 2001.

Parliamentary borough 1547–1918

MPs 1542–1660

ElectionSenior memberJunior member
1542 Sir Thomas Moyle [26]
1547 Sir Wymond Carew, died
and replaced in 1552 by
John Campanett [27]
Richard Pallady [28]
March 1553Not knownNot known
Oct. 1553 Sir Walter Mildmay [29] Sir William FitzWilliam [30]
April 1554 John Gamlin (Gamblin, Gamlyn) [31] Giles Isham
Nov. 1554 William Liveley [32] Gilbert Bull
1555 Maurice Tyrell John Mountsteven
1558 Giles Isham Thomas Hussey
1559 Sir William FitzWilliam Robert Wingfield Jr.
1562 John FitzWilliam
1571 William Fitzwilliam [33] Henry Cheke, sat for Bedford
and replaced by
Brian Ansley
1572 Robert Wingfield Jr. , died
and replaced in 1581 by
Sir William FitzWilliam
Hugh FitzWilliam died
and replaced 1576 by
Humphrey Mildmay
1584 William Fitzwilliam [33] James Scambler
1586 Thomas Hacke
1589 Sir Thomas Reede Thomas Howland
1593 William Hacke
1597 John Wingfield Alexander Neville
1601 Nicholas Tufton Goddard Pemberton
1603 Sir Richard Cecil of Wakerley Edward Wymarke
1614 Sir William Walter Roger Manwood
1621 Mildmay Fane [34] Walter Fitzwilliam
1624 Sir Francis Fane [35] Laurence Whitaker
1625 Sir Christopher Hatton
1626 Mildmay Fane, Lord Burghersh
1628
The Short Parliament (April–May 1640)
April 1640 David Cecil William FitzWilliam, 2nd Baron FitzWilliam
The Long Parliament (1640–1648), the Rump Parliament (1648–1653) and the Barebone's Parliament (1653)
Nov. 1640 William FitzWilliam, 2nd Baron FitzWilliam Sir Robert Napier, 2nd Baronet
The First Protectorate Parliament (1654–1655); one member only
1654 Col. Alexander Blake [36]
The Second (1656–1658) and Third (1659) Protectorate Parliaments
1656 Col. Alexander Blake Francis St John

MPs 1660–1883

The Tories (or Abhorrers) and Whigs (or Petitioners) originated in the Court and Country parties that emerged in the aftermath of the civil war, although it is more accurate to describe them as loose tendencies, both of which might be regarded as conservative in modern terms. [37] Modern party politics did not really begin to coalesce in Great Britain until at least 1784.

ElectionFirst member [38] 1st partySecond member [38] 2nd party
The Rump Parliament recalled (1659) and the Long Parliament restored (1660)
1660 Sir Humphrey Orme [39] Court Charles Fane, Lord le Despencer Country
1666 Edward Palmer [40] Whig
1667 William FitzWilliam, 3rd Baron FitzWilliam [41] Whig
1671 Sir Vere Fane Whig
Feb. 1679 Francis St John Whig
Aug. 1679 Charles Orme Whig
1681 William FitzWilliam, 3rd Baron FitzWilliam Whig
1685 Charles FitzWilliam Whig Charles Orme Whig
Jan 1689 Sir Gilbert Dolben, 1st Baronet [42] Whig
Dec 1689 Sir William Brownlow, 4th Baronet Whig
1698 Hon. Sidney Wortley-Montagu Whig Francis St John Whig
1701 Sir Gilbert Dolben, 1st Baronet Whig
1710 John FitzWilliam, Viscount Milton Whig Charles Parker Tory
1722 Hon. Sidney Wortley-Montagu Whig
1727 Sir Edward O'Bryan, 2nd Baronet [43] Tory
1727 Hon. Sidney Wortley-Montagu Whig
1728 by-election Joseph Banks Whig
1729 by-election Charles Gounter-Nicoll Whig
Jan. 1734 by-election Armstead Parker Tory
April 1734 Sir Edward Wortley Montagu Whig
1741 William FitzWilliam, 3rd Earl FitzWilliam Whig
1742 by-election Armstead Parker Tory
1747 Sir Matthew Lamb, 1st Baronet [44] Whig
1761 Armstead Parker Tory
March 1768 Matthew Wyldbore Whig
Nov. 1768 by-election Henry Belasyse, Viscount Belasyse Whig
1774 by-election Richard Benyon Whig [45]
1780 James Farrel Phipps Whig [45]
1786 by-election Hon. Lionel Damer Whig [45]
1796 Dr. French Laurence [46] Whig [45]
1802 William Elliot Whig [45]
1809 by-election Francis Russell, Marquess of Tavistock Whig [45]
1812 George Ponsonby [47] Whig [45]
1816 by-election Hon. William Lamb [48] Whig [45]
Feb. 1819 by-election Sir James Scarlett [49] Whig [45]
Nov. 1819 by-election Sir Robert Heron, 2nd Baronet [50] Whig [51] [45] [52] [53]
Aug. 1830 Charles Wentworth-FitzWilliam, Viscount Milton [54] Whig [45]
Nov. 1830 by-election John Nicholas Fazakerley Whig [45] [52] [53]
1841 Hon. George Wentworth-FitzWilliam Whig [55] [51] [45]
1847 Hon. William Cavendish Whig [55] [56] [57]
1852 Hon. Richard Watson Whig [45] [58]
1852 by-election George Hammond Whalley [59] Radical [60] [61] [62] [63]
1853 by-election Thomson Hankey [64] Whig
1859 Liberal George Hammond Whalley Liberal
1868 William Wells [65] Liberal
1874 Thomson Hankey Liberal
1878 by-election Hon. John Wentworth-FitzWilliam Independent Liberal
1880 Hampden Whalley [66] Liberal
1883 by-election Sir Sydney Buxton [67] Liberal
1885 representation reduced to one member

MPs 1885–1918

In 1832 the Tory Party evolved into the Conservative Party and in 1859 the Whig Party evolved, with Radicals and Peelites, into the Liberal Party. In opposition to Irish home rule, the Liberal Unionists ceded from the Liberals in 1886, aligning themselves with the Conservatives. The Labour Party was later founded, as the Labour Representation Committee, in 1900.

ElectionMember [38] Party
1885 Hon. John Wentworth-FitzWilliam [68] Independent Liberal
1886 Liberal Unionist
1889 by-election Sir Alpheus Morton Liberal
1895 Sir Robert Purvis Liberal Unionist / Conservative
1906 Sir Granville Greenwood [69] Liberal
1918 parliamentary borough abolished

Division and county constituency

The parliamentary borough of Peterborough was abolished under the Representation of the People Act 1918, and the name was transferred to a division of the new parliamentary county of Northampton with the Soke of Peterborough. [7] The Peterborough division became a county constituency in 1950.

MPs 1918–1974

ElectionMember [38] Party
1918 Sir Henry Brassey, 1st Baronet [70] Coalition Conservative
1929 J. F. Horrabin [71] Labour
1931 David Cecil, Lord Burghley [72] Conservative
1943 by-election John Hely-Hutchinson, Viscount Suirdale Conservative
1945 Stanley Tiffany Labour Co-operative
1950 Sir Harmar Nicholls [73] Conservative
Feb. 1974 county constituency abolished

Borough constituency

Peterborough was redefined as a borough constituency with effect from the February 1974 general election. [74] Successors of the historic parliamentary boroughs, the spending limits for election campaigns are slightly lower than in county constituencies.

MPs since 1974

ElectionMember [38] Party
Feb. 1974 Sir Harmar Nicholls [74] Conservative
Oct. 1974 Michael Ward Labour
1979 Sir Brian Mawhinney Conservative
1997 Helen Clark Labour
2005 Stewart Jackson Conservative
2017 Fiona Onasanya Labour
2018 Independent
2019 by-election Lisa Forbes Labour
2019 Paul Bristow Conservative
2024 Andrew Pakes Labour Co-op

Onasanya sat as an independent after she was suspended by the Labour Party in December 2018. [75] [76] The seat became vacant on 1 May 2019 following a successful recall petition, [77] until 7 June 2019, when Lisa Forbes was elected to the constituency in the 2019 Peterborough by-election, on behalf of the Labour Party.

Elections

Election history since 1900 Peterborough constituency history.png
Election history since 1900

Elections in the 2020s

General election 2024: Peterborough [78]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Co-op Andrew Pakes 13,418 32.0 −9.5
Conservative Paul Bristow 13,30031.8−14.7
Reform UK Sue Morris5,37912.8+8.3
Workers Party Amjad Hussain5,05112.1N/A
Green Nicola Day2,5426.1+4.6
Liberal Democrats Nick Sandford1,7464.2−0.7
CPA Tom Rogers2250.5+0.2
Independent Zahid Khan2110.5N/A
Majority1180.2N/A
Turnout 41,87257.1–8.3
Registered electors 73,378
Labour gain from Conservative Swing Increase2.svg2.6

Elections in the 2010s

2019 notional result [79]
PartyVote %
Conservative 21,95546.5
Labour 19,62241.5
Liberal Democrats 2,3164.9
Brexit Party 2,1024.5
Green 7131.5
Others5241.1
Turnout47,23265.4
Electorate72,273
General election 2019: Peterborough [80]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Paul Bristow 22,334 46.7 −0.1
Labour Lisa Forbes 19,75441.3−6.8
Liberal Democrats Beki Sellick2,3344.9+1.6
Brexit Party Mike Greene 2,1274.4N/A
Green Joseph Wells7281.5−0.3
Independent Luke Ferguson2600.5N/A
CPA Tom Rogers1510.3N/A
Monster Raving Loony The Very Raving Mr P1130.2N/A
Majority2,5805.4N/A
Turnout 47,80165.9−0.8
Conservative gain from Labour Swing +3.3
By-election 2019: Peterborough [81]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Lisa Forbes 10,484 30.9 Decrease2.svg17.2
Brexit Party Mike Greene 9,80128.9New
Conservative Paul Bristow 7,24321.4Decrease2.svg25.4
Liberal Democrats Beki Sellick4,15912.3Increase2.svg9.0
Green Joseph Wells1,0353.1Increase2.svg1.3
UKIP John Whitby4001.2New
CPA Tom Rogers1620.5New
English Democrat Stephen Goldspink1530.5New
SDP Patrick O'Flynn 1350.4New
Monster Raving Loony Alan Hope 1120.3New
Independent Andrew Moore1010.3New
Common Good Dick Rodgers600.2New
Renew Peter Ward450.1New
UKEU Pierre Kirk250.1New
Give Me Back Elmo Bobby Smith 50.0New
Majority6832.0Increase2.svg0.7
Turnout 33,92048.4Decrease2.svg18.3
Labour hold Swing Decrease2.svg23.6
General election 2017: Peterborough [82]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Fiona Onasanya 22,950 48.1 +12.5
Conservative Stewart Jackson 22,34346.8+7.1
Liberal Democrats Beki Sellick1,5973.3−0.4
Green Fiona Radić8481.8−0.8
Majority6071.3N/A
Turnout 47,73866.7+1.8
Labour gain from Conservative Swing +2.7
General election 2015: Peterborough [83]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Stewart Jackson 18,684 39.7 −0.7
Labour Lisa Forbes 16,75935.6+6.1
UKIP Mary Herdman7,48515.9+9.2
Liberal Democrats Darren Fower1,7743.8−15.8
Green Darren Bisby-Boyd1,2182.6+1.4
Liberal Chris Ash6391.4New
Independent John Fox5161.1New
Majority1,9254.1−6.8
Turnout 47,07564.9+1.0
Conservative hold Swing −3.4
General election 2010: Peterborough [84]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Stewart Jackson 18,133 40.4 −2.9
Labour Ed Murphy13,27229.5−4.8
Liberal Democrats Nick Sandford8,81619.6+2.9
UKIP Frances Fox3,0076.7+3.5
English Democrat Rob King7701.7New
Green Fiona Radic5231.2New
Independent John Swallow4060.9New
Majority4,86110.9+4.3
Turnout 44,92763.9+2.9
Conservative hold Swing +0.95

Elections in the 2000s

General election 2005: Peterborough [85]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Stewart Jackson 17,364 42.1 +4.1
Labour Helen Clark 14,62435.5−9.6
Liberal Democrats Nick Sandford6,87616.7+2.2
UKIP Mary Herdman1,2423.0+0.6
National Front Terry Blackham9312.3New
Independent Marc Potter1670.4New
Majority2,7406.6N/A
Turnout 41,19461.0−0.4
Conservative gain from Labour Swing +6.85
General election 2001: Peterborough [86]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Helen Brinton 17,975 45.1 −5.2
Conservative Stewart Jackson 15,12138.0+2.8
Liberal Democrats Nick Sandford5,76114.5+3.8
UKIP Julian Fairweather9552.4+1.7
Majority2,8547.1−8.0
Turnout 39,81261.4−11.4
Labour hold Swing −4.0

Elections in the 1990s

General election 1997: Peterborough [87]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Helen Brinton 24,365 50.3 +12.5
Conservative Jacqueline Foster 17,04235.2−14.3
Liberal Democrats David Howarth 5,17010.7+1.4
Referendum Philip Slater9241.91New
Natural Law Charles Brettell3340.7+0.4
UKIP John Linskey3170.7New
ProLife Alliance Stephen Goldspink2750.6New
Majority7,32315.1N/A
Turnout 48,42772.8−2.3
Labour gain from Conservative Swing +11.6
General election 1992: Peterborough [88]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Brian Mawhinney 31,827 48.3 −1.1
Labour Julie Owens26,45140.2+6.5
Liberal Democrats Amanda Taylor5,2087.9−8.2
Liberal Erbie Murat1,5572.4New
BNP Richard Heaton3110.5New
Independent Pamela Beasley2710.4New
Natural Law Charles Brettell2150.3New
Majority5,3768.1−7.6
Turnout 65,84075.1+1.6
Conservative hold Swing −3.8

Elections in the 1980s

General election 1987: Peterborough [89]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Brian Mawhinney 30,624 49.4 +2.3
Labour Andrew MacKinlay 20,84033.7+4.7
Liberal David Green9,98416.1−6.6
Green Nigel Callaghan5060.8−0.1
Majority9,78415.7−2.4
Turnout 61,95173.5+0.2
Conservative hold Swing −1.2
General election 1983: Peterborough [90]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Brian Mawhinney 27,270 47.1 −1.7
Labour Brian Fish16,83129.0−10.8
SDP Elizabeth Walston13,14222.7+12.7
Ecology Nigel Callaghan5110.9New
Workers Revolutionary DE Hyland1550.3+0.1
Majority10,43918.1+9.1
Turnout 57,90973.3−4.6
Conservative hold Swing +4.5

Elections in the 1970s

General election 1979: Peterborough
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Brian Mawhinney 27,734 48.80 +8.12
Labour Michael Ward 22,63239.82−4.63
Liberal D Green5,68510.00−4.87
National Front J Willhelmy6721.18New
Workers Revolutionary M Bishop1060.19New
Majority5,1028.98N/A
Turnout 56,82977.94+0.07
Conservative gain from Labour Swing +6.37
General election October 1974: Peterborough
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Michael Ward 21,820 44.45 +4.94
Conservative Harmar Nicholls 19,97240.68+1.13
Liberal Peter Boizot 7,30214.87−6.06
Majority1,8483.77N/A
Turnout 49,09477.87−4.45
Labour gain from Conservative Swing +1.91
General election February 1974: Peterborough
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Harmar Nicholls 20,353 39.55 −14.53
Labour Michael Ward 20,33139.51−6.41
Liberal Peter Boizot 10,77220.93New
Majority220.04−8.12
Turnout 51,45682.32+3.83
Conservative hold Swing −4.06
General election 1970: Peterborough
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Harmar Nicholls 30,227 54.08 +8.01
Labour Michael Ward 25,66245.92−0.14
Majority4,5658.16+8.15
Turnout 55,88978.49−2.93
Conservative hold Swing +4.08

Elections in the 1960s

General election 1966: Peterborough
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Harmar Nicholls 23,944 46.07 −0.48
Labour Michael Ward 23,94146.06+4.58
Liberal Basil Goldstone 4,0937.87−4.10
Majority30.01−5.06
Turnout 51,97881.42−0.34
Conservative hold Swing −2.53
General election 1964: Peterborough
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Harmar Nicholls 24,045 46.55 −8.01
Labour David Saunders21,42841.48−3.96
Liberal Lawrence Young6,18111.97New
Majority2,6175.07−4.05
Turnout 51,65481.76−1.23
Conservative hold Swing −2.03

Elections in the 1950s

General election 1959: Peterborough
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Harmar Nicholls 27,414 54.56 +1.28
Labour Betty Boothroyd 22,83045.44−1.28
Majority4,5849.12+2.56
Turnout 50,24482.99−0.02
Conservative hold Swing +1.28
General election 1955: Peterborough [91]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Harmar Nicholls 26,319 53.28 +5.23
Labour Albert Farrer23,08146.72−0.60
Majority3,2386.56+5.83
Turnout 49,40083.01−3.79
Conservative hold Swing +2.92
General election 1951: Peterborough [92]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Harmar Nicholls 24,536 48.05 +2.11
Labour Albert Farrer24,16347.32+1.67
Liberal Wolf Isaac Akst2,3674.64−3.78
Majority3730.73+0.44
Turnout 51,06686.80−0.43
Conservative hold Swing +0.22
General election 1950: Peterborough
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Harmar Nicholls 22,815 45.94 −3.36
Labour Co-op Stanley Tiffany 22,67145.65−5.05
Liberal Wolf Isaac Akst4,1808.42New
Majority1440.29N/A
Turnout 49,66686.37+13.47
Conservative gain from Labour Swing +0.7

Elections in the 1940s

General election 1945: Peterborough [93]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Co-op Stanley Tiffany 22,056 50.7 +7.3
Conservative John Hely-Hutchinson 21,48549.3−7.3
Majority5711.4N/A
Turnout 43,54172.9−7.9
Labour Co-op gain from Conservative Swing
1943 Peterborough by-election [93]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative John Hely-Hutchinson 11,976 52.4 −4.2
Independent Labour Samuel Bennett10,89047.6New
Majority1,0864.8−8.4
Turnout 22,866
Conservative hold Swing

General Election 1939–40 Another general election was required to take place before the end of 1940. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place from 1939 and by the end of this year, the following candidates had been selected:

Elections in the 1930s

General election 1935: Peterborough [93]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative David Cecil 22,677 56.6 −8.6
Labour Ernest A J Davies17,37343.4+8.6
Majority5,30413.2−17.2
Turnout 40,05080.8−4.4
Conservative hold Swing
General election 1931: Peterborough [93]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative David Cecil 26,640 65.2 +27.5
Labour Frank Horrabin 14,20634.8−4.4
Majority12,43430.4N/A
Turnout 40,84685.2+4.6
Conservative gain from Labour Swing

Elections in the 1920s

General election 1929: Peterborough [93]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Frank Horrabin 14,743 39.2 +6.6
Unionist Henry Brassey 14,21837.7−12.7
Liberal Francis Hill 8,70423.1+6.1
Majority5251.5N/A
Turnout 37,66580.6+3.4
Registered electors 46,704
Labour gain from Unionist Swing +9.7
General election 1924: Peterborough [93]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Unionist Henry Brassey 14,195 50.4 +7.0
Labour John Mansfield 9,18032.6+2.1
Liberal Daniel Boyle 4,78617.0−9.1
Majority5,01517.8+4.9
Turnout 28,16177.2+2.8
Registered electors 36,461
Unionist hold Swing +2.5
General election 1923: Peterborough [93]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Unionist Henry Brassey 11,634 43.4 −4.1
Labour John Mansfield 8,17730.5+0.1
Liberal Daniel Boyle 7,01426.1+4.0
Majority3,45712.9−4.2
Turnout 26,82574.4−6.2
Registered electors 36,049
Unionist hold Swing −2.1
General election 1922: Peterborough [93]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Unionist Henry Brassey 13,560 47.5 +3.4
Labour John Mansfield 8,66830.4−10.6
Liberal George Nicholls 6,29022.1+7.2
Majority4,89217.1+14.0
Turnout 28,51880.6+18.4
Registered electors 35,393
Unionist hold Swing +7.0

Elections in the 1910s

General election 1918: Peterborough [93]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
C Unionist Henry Brassey 9,51644.1−3.3
Labour John Mansfield 8,83241.0New
Liberal Thomas Ivatt Slater3,21414.9−37.7
Majority6843.1N/A
Turnout 21,56262.2−27.8
Registered electors 34,676
Unionist gain from Liberal Swing +17.2
Cindicates candidate endorsed by the coalition government.
General election December 1910: Peterborough [95]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal George Greenwood 3,105 52.6 −0.9
Conservative Henry Lygon 2,80247.4+0.9
Majority3035.2−1.8
Turnout 5,90790.0−4.2
Registered electors 6,564
Liberal hold Swing −0.9
General election January 1910: Peterborough [95]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal George Greenwood 3,308 53.5 −7.0
Liberal Unionist Robert Purvis 2,87546.5+7.0
Majority4337.0−14.0
Turnout 6,18394.2+3.0
Registered electors 6,564
Liberal hold Swing −7.0

Elections in the 1900s

General election 1906: Peterborough [95]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal George Greenwood 3,326 60.5 +12.3
Liberal Unionist Robert Purvis 2,16739.5−12.3
Majority1,15921.0N/A
Turnout 5,49391.2+6.9
Registered electors 6,025
Liberal gain from Liberal Unionist Swing +12.3
General election 1900: Peterborough [95]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Unionist Robert Purvis 2,315 51.8 −1.0
Liberal Halley Stewart 2,15548.2+1.0
Majority1603.6−2.0
Turnout 4,47084.3−5.1
Registered electors 5,300
Liberal Unionist hold Swing −1.0

Elections in the 1890s

General election 1895: Peterborough [95]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Unionist Robert Purvis 2,259 52.8 +4.8
Liberal Alpheus Morton 2,02047.2−4.8
Majority2395.6N/A
Turnout 4,27989.4+3.5
Registered electors 4,787
Liberal Unionist gain from Liberal Swing +4.8
General election 1892: Peterborough [95]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Alpheus Morton 2,037 52.0 +6.4
Liberal Unionist Robert Purvis 1,87948.0−6.4
Majority1584.0N/A
Turnout 3,91685.9+1.7
Registered electors 4,559
Liberal gain from Liberal Unionist Swing +6.4

Elections in the 1880s

By-election, 7 Oct 1889: Peterborough [95]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Alpheus Morton 1,893 53.6 +8.0
Liberal Unionist Robert Purvis 1,64246.4−8.0
Majority2517.2N/A
Turnout 3,53587.2+2.9
Registered electors 4,056
Liberal gain from Liberal Unionist Swing +8.0
General election 1886: Peterborough [95]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Unionist John Wentworth-FitzWilliam 1,780 54.4 +0.7
Liberal George Greenwood 1,49145.6−0.7
Majority2898.8+1.4
Turnout 3,27184.3−4.5
Registered electors 3,882
Liberal Unionist gain from Independent Liberal Swing
General election 1885: Peterborough [95]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Independent Liberal John Wentworth-FitzWilliam 1,853 53.7 +19.3
Liberal Sydney Buxton 1,59546.3+1.7
Majority2587.4−9.1
Turnout 3,44888.8+19.5 (est)
Registered electors 3,882
Independent Liberal hold Swing +8.8
By-election, 23 Jun 1883: Peterborough (1 seat) [96]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Sydney Buxton 1,438 56.5 −22.5
Conservative John Adam Ferguson [97] 1,10643.5+22.5
Majority33213.0+7.3
Turnout 2,54470.9+1.6 (est)
Registered electors 3,589
Liberal hold Swing −22.5
General election 1880: Peterborough (2 seats) [96]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Independent Liberal John Wentworth-FitzWilliam [98] 1,615 34.4 N/A
Liberal Hampden Whalley 1,257 26.7 −7.4
Conservative Robert Tennant 98721.0+3.8
Liberal Thomson Hankey 84117.9−16.2
Turnout 2,350 (est)69.3 (est)−4.8
Registered electors 3,393
Majority77416.5N/A
Independent Liberal gain from Liberal Swing
Majority2705.7−5.7
Liberal hold Swing

Elections in the 1870s

By-election, 29 Oct 1878: Peterborough (1 seat) [96]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Independent Liberal John Wentworth-FitzWilliam [99] 1,360 50.5 New
Conservative John Lawrance 67124.9+7.7
Liberal James Hayes Raper [100] 65324.3−43.9
Lib-Lab George Potter 80.3−14.3
Majority68925.6N/A
Turnout 2,69280.6+6.5
Registered electors 3,340
Independent Liberal gain from Liberal Swing N/A
General election 1874: Peterborough (2 seats) [96]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Thomson Hankey 1,135 29.4 +6.3
Liberal George Hammond Whalley 1,105 28.6 −2.5
Conservative Henry Wrenfordsley 66617.2+12.6
Lib-Lab George Potter 56214.6N/A
Liberal Neville Goodman [102] 3238.4N/A
Liberal Robert Malcolm Kerr [103] 711.8N/A
Majority43911.4+3.4
Turnout 2,264 (est)74.1 (est)−2.6
Registered electors 3,056
Liberal hold Swing +0.0
Liberal hold Swing −4.4

Elections in the 1860s

General election 1868: Peterborough (2 seats) [96]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal William Wells 1,282 35.5 +3.7
Liberal George Hammond Whalley 1,122 31.1 −4.2
Liberal Thomson Hankey 83423.1−10.5
Liberal William Green [104] 2045.7N/A
Conservative Henry Wrenfordsley 1674.6New
Majority2888.0+6.2
Turnout 1,888 (est)76.7 (est)+1.6
Registered electors 2,461
Liberal hold Swing
Liberal hold Swing
General election 1865: Peterborough (2 seats) [96]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal George Hammond Whalley 340 35.3 +7.5
Liberal Thomson Hankey 320 33.6 +3.4
Liberal William Wells 30331.8N/A
Majority171.8−4.6
Turnout 482 (est)75.1 (est)−5.0
Registered electors 641
Liberal hold Swing N/A
Liberal hold Swing N/A

Elections in the 1850s

General election 1859: Peterborough (2 seats) [96] [107]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Thomson Hankey 275 30.2 −4.4
Liberal George Hammond Whalley 253 27.8 +4.2
Conservative John Harvey Lee Wingfield [108] 19521.4New
Liberal James Wilde 18720.5N/A
Majority586.4−4.6
Turnout 455 (est)80.1 (est)+9.3
Registered electors 568
Liberal hold Swing
Liberal hold Swing
General election 1857: Peterborough (2 seats) [96]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Whig George Wentworth-FitzWilliam 321 41.8 +4.6
Whig Thomson Hankey 266 34.6 +1.8
Radical George Hammond Whalley 18123.6N/A
Majority8511.0+8.2
Turnout 384 (est)70.8 (est)−16.9
Registered electors 542
Whig hold Swing
Whig hold Swing
By-election, 25 June 1853: Peterborough [96]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Radical George Hammond Whalley 236 52.3 +0.6
Whig Thomson Hankey 21547.7−0.6
Majority214.6+1.2
Turnout 45185.70.0
Registered electors 526
Radical hold Swing +0.6
By-election, 6 December 1852: Peterborough [96]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Radical George Hammond Whalley 233 51.7 N/A
Whig George Cornewall Lewis [111] [112] 21848.3−21.7
Majority153.4N/A
Turnout 45185.7−2.0
Registered electors 526
Radical gain from Whig Swing
General election 1852: Peterborough (2 seats) [96]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Whig George Wentworth-FitzWilliam 260 37.2 N/A
Whig Richard Watson 229 32.8 N/A
Conservative John Talbot Clifton [113] 21030.0New
Majority192.8N/A
Turnout 455 (est)87.7 (est)N/A
Registered electors 518
Whig hold Swing N/A
Whig hold Swing N/A

Elections in the 1840s

General election 1847: Peterborough (2 seats) [96]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Whig George Wentworth-FitzWilliam Unopposed
Whig William Cavendish Unopposed
Registered electors 553
Whig hold
Whig hold
General election 1841: Peterborough (2 seats) [96] [45]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Whig George Wentworth-FitzWilliam 317 38.8 +1.5
Whig Robert Heron 255 31.3 −3.3
Conservative Thomas Gladstone 24429.9+1.8
Majority111.4−5.1
Turnout 49585.9−3.6
Registered electors 576
Whig hold Swing +0.3
Whig hold Swing −2.1

Elections in the 1830s

General election 1837: Peterborough (2 seats) [96] [45]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Whig John Nicholas Fazakerley 311 37.3 −1.9
Whig Robert Heron 288 34.6 +0.5
Conservative William Edward Surtees [114] 23428.1+1.4
Majority546.5−0.9
Turnout 49489.5+3.2
Registered electors 552
Whig hold Swing −1.3
Whig hold Swing −0.1
General election 1835: Peterborough (2 seats) [96] [45]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Whig John Nicholas Fazakerley 412 39.2
Whig Robert Heron 358 34.1
Conservative Walker Ferrand28126.7
Majority777.4
Turnout 59186.3
Registered electors 685
Whig hold
Whig hold
General election 1832: Peterborough (2 seats) [96] [45]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Whig John Nicholas Fazakerley Unopposed
Whig Robert Heron Unopposed
Registered electors 773
Whig hold
Whig hold
General election 1831: Peterborough (2 seats) [45] [115]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Whig John Nicholas Fazakerley Unopposed
Whig Robert Heron Unopposed
Registered electors c.730
Whig hold
Whig hold
By-election, 24 November 1830: Peterborough [45] [115]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Whig John Nicholas Fazakerley Unopposed
Whig hold
General election 1830: Peterborough (2 seats) [45] [115]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Whig Charles Wentworth-Fitzwilliam Unopposed
Whig Robert Heron Unopposed
Whig hold
Whig hold

See also

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