Chelmsford (UK Parliament constituency)

Chelmsford
Borough constituency for the House of Commons
Boundary of Chelmsford in Essex
Location of Essex within England
County	Essex
Population	105,424 (2011 census) [1]
Electorate	77,835 (December 2010) [2]
Major settlements	Chelmsford, Great Baddow
Current constituency
Created	2010
Member of Parliament	Vicky Ford (Conservative)
Seats	One
Created from	West Chelmsford, Maldon and East Chelmsford
1885–1997
Created from	South Essex, West Essex
Replaced by	West Chelmsford, Maldon and East Chelmsford, Rayleigh

Chelmsford is a constituency in Essex ^{[n 1]} represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2017 by Vicky Ford of the Conservative Party.

History

Formally named as the Mid or Chelmsford Division of Essex, the seat was one of eight single-member divisions of Essex (later classified as county constituencies) created by the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, replacing the three two member divisions of East, South and West Essex. It continued in existence, gradually being reduced in geographic size as additional seats were created in Essex, until it was briefly abolished for the 1997 general election following the Fourth Periodic Review of Westminster Constituencies, when it was abolished and replaced by parts of two new constituencies: Maldon and East Chelmsford and West Chelmsford. It was re-established for the 2010 general election as a Borough Constituency by the Fifth Periodic Review.

During its latter years, the old seat was narrowly won by a Conservative over strong Liberal Democrat performances, including their predecessor party the Liberal Party. Historically, the constituency has on occasion been referred to as 'Mid Essex', especially in the early part of the 20th Century. ^[3]

At its first contest in 2010, the re-established seat was closely fought by the Conservatives and the Liberal Democrats, who finished less than 10% apart, with Conservative candidate Simon Burns (the former MP for West Chelmsford) being elected. Labour polled 11%, despite having been only around 100 votes behind the Liberal Democrats in West Chelmsford in 2005, and even taking second place in 2001. Labour regained second place for the 2015 and 2017 elections but were overtaken again by the Liberal Democrats in 2019.

Boundaries and boundary changes

1885–1918

• The Sessional Divisions of Brentwood (except the parishes of Rainham and Wennington) and Chelmsford. ^[4]

Formed from parts of the abolished West (Chelmsford), and South Divisions, (Brentwood and Billericay).

1918–1945

• The Borough of Chelmsford;
• The Urban District of Brentwood
• The Rural Districts of Chelmsford and Ongar: and
• The Rural District of Billericay parishes of Hutton, Ingrave, Mountnessing, Shenfield, and South Weald. ^[5]

Gained eastern part of the Epping Division, including Chipping Ongar. The south-western corner, including Upminster, was transferred to Romford and southernmost parts, including the town of Billericay, to the South-Eastern Division.

Chelmsford in Essex, showing boundaries used from 1918 to 1945

1945–1950

• The Borough of Chelmsford;
• The Urban District of Brentwood; and
• The Rural Districts of Chelmsford and Ongar. ^[6]

Minor changes following the reorganisation of local authorities, involving the abolition of the Rural District of Billericay and the expansion of the Urban District of Brentwood.

Chelmsford in Essex, showing boundaries used from 1945 to 1950

1950–1955

• The Borough of Chelmsford; and
• The Rural Districts of Chelmsford and Ongar. ^[6]

Brentwood transferred to Romford.

1955–1974

• The Borough of Chelmsford; and
• The Rural District of Chelmsford. ^[6]

The Rural District of Ongar included in the new constituency of Chigwell.

1974–1983

• The Borough of Chelmsford; and
• The Rural District of Chelmsford parishes of Danbury, East Hanningfield, Great Baddow, Highwood, Ingatestone and Fryerning, Little Baddow, Margaretting, Mountnessing, Rettendon, Runwell, Sandon, South Hanningfield, Stock, West Hanningfield, and Woodham Ferrers. ^[7]

Northern parts of the Rural District of Chelmsford transferred to the new constituency of Braintree.

1983–1997

• The Borough of Chelmsford wards of All Saints, Baddow Road, Boreham and Springfield, Cathedral, Danbury and Sandon, East and West Hanningfield, Galleywood, Goat Hall, Great Baddow Village, Highwood and Margaretting, Little Baddow, Mildmays, Moulsham Lodge, Oaklands, Patching Hall, Rothmans, St Andrew's, Stock, The Lawns, and Waterhouse Farm. ^[8]

Gained the Boreham and Springfield ward from Braintree. Two parishes (Ingatestone and Fryerning, and Mountnessing), included in the District of Brentwood under the Local Government Act 1972, were transferred to Brentwood and Ongar. South-eastern areas, including South Woodham Ferrers, were included in the new constituency of Rochford.

For the 1997 general election the constituency was abolished. Northern and western areas forming the majority of the new constituency of West Chelmsford; eastern areas included in the new constituency of Maldon and East Chelmsford; and a small area in the south included in the constituency of Rayleigh.

Map of present boundaries

2010–present

• The City of Chelmsford wards of Chelmer Village and Beaulieu Park, Galleywood, Goat Hall, Great Baddow East, Great Baddow West, Marconi, Moulsham and Central, Moulsham Lodge, Patching Hall, St Andrew's, Springfield North, The Lawns, Trinity, and Waterhouse Farm. ^[9]

Following the Boundary Commission's Fifth Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies in 2007, Parliament re-established Chelmsford as a borough constituency for the 2010 general election. For the previous three elections the constituency had been split in two halves and included more surrounding rural settlements. A majority of the electorate for this new constituency came from the previous West Chelmsford constituency. A smaller element (Great Baddow and Galleywood) came from the Maldon & East Chelmsford constituency.

The new constituency coincides with the built-up area which comprises the City of Chelmsford.

Proposed

Further to the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, enacted by the Parliamentary Constituencies Order 2023, the composition of the constituency from the next general election, due by January 2025, will be reduced to meet the electorate size requirements, with the transfer to Maldon of the Galleywood ward to the south of the city. ^[10]

Members of Parliament

Election	Member [11] [12]	Party
1885	William Beadel		Conservative
1892 by-election	Thomas Usborne		Conservative
1900	Sir Carne Rasch, Bt		Conservative
1908 by-election	E. G. Pretyman		Conservative
1918			Coalition Conservative
1922			Conservative
1923	Sydney Robinson		Liberal
1924	Henry Curtis-Bennett		Conservative
1926 by-election	Charles Howard-Bury		Conservative
1931	Sir Vivian Henderson		Conservative
1935	John Macnamara		Conservative
1945 by-election	Ernest Millington		Common Wealth
1946			Labour
1950	Sir Hubert Ashton		Conservative
1964	Norman St John-Stevas		Conservative
1987	Simon Burns		Conservative
1997	Constituency abolished – see West Chelmsford, Maldon and Chelmsford East, Rayleigh
2010	Constituency recreated
	Sir Simon Burns		Conservative
2017	Vicky Ford		Conservative

Elections

Elections in the 2020s

Next general election: Chelmsford

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Vicky Ford [13]
	Liberal Democrats	Marie Goldman [14]
	Reform UK	Darren Ingrouille [15]

Elections in the 2010s

General election 2019: Chelmsford ^{[16] [17]}

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Vicky Ford	31,934	55.9	+2.2
	Liberal Democrats	Marie Goldman	14,313	25.1	+12.9
	Labour	Penny Richards	10,295	18.0	―11.8
	Monster Raving Loony	Mark Lawrence	580	1.0	New
Majority			17,621	30.8	+6.9
Turnout			57,122	71.0	+0.8
	Conservative hold		Swing	―5.3

General election 2017: Chelmsford ^[18]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Vicky Ford [19]	30,525	53.7	+2.2
	Labour	Chris Vince [20]	16,953	29.8	+12.2
	Liberal Democrats	Stephen Robinson	6,916	12.2	+0.3
	UKIP	Nigel Carter	1,645	2.9	―11.3
	Green	Reza Hossain	821	1.4	―2.1
Majority			13,572	23.9	―10.0
Turnout			56,860	70.2	+1.7
	Conservative hold		Swing	―5.0

General election 2015: Chelmsford ^{[21] [22]}

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Simon Burns	27,732	51.5	+5.3
	Labour	Chris Vince [23]	9,482	17.6	+6.6
	UKIP	Mark Gough [24]	7,652	14.2	+11.4
	Liberal Democrats	Stephen Robinson	6,394	11.9	―24.9
	Green	Angela Thomson	1,892	3.5	+2.6
	Liberal	Henry Boyle	665	1.2	New
Majority			18,250	33.9	+24.5
Turnout			53,817	68.5	―1.9
	Conservative hold		Swing

General election 2010: Chelmsford ^[25]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Simon Burns*	25,207	46.2	+6.7
	Liberal Democrats	Stephen Robinson	20,097	36.8	+6.6
	Labour	Peter Dixon	5,980	11.0	―16.0
	UKIP	Ken Wedon	1,527	2.8	―0.6
	BNP	Michael Bateman	899	1.6	New
	Green	Angela Thomson	476	0.9	New
	English Democrat	Claire Breed	254	0.5	+0.3
	Reduce Tax On Beer	Ben Sherman	153	0.3	New
Majority			5,110	9.4
Turnout			54,593	70.4	―14.2
	Conservative hold		Swing

*Served in the 2005–2010 Parliament as MP for West Chelmsford

Elections in the 1990s

General election 1992: Chelmsford ^{[26] [27]}

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Simon Burns	39,043	55.3	+3.4
	Liberal Democrats	Hugh Nicholson	20,783	29.4	―11.1
	Labour	Roy Chad	10,010	14.2	+7.4
	Green	Eleanor Burgess	769	1.1	+0.4
Majority			18,260	25.9	+14.5
Turnout			70,605	84.6	+2.4
	Conservative hold		Swing	+7.2

Elections in the 1980s

General election 1987: Chelmsford ^[28]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Simon Burns	35,231	51.9	+4.3
	Liberal	Stuart Mole	27,470	40.5	―6.5
	Labour	Clive Playford	4,642	6.8	+1.7
	Green	Anthony Slade	486	0.7	New
Majority			7,761	11.4	+10.8
Turnout			67,829	82.2	+2.8
	Conservative hold		Swing	+5.4

General election 1983: Chelmsford ^[29]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Norman St John-Stevas	29,824	47.6	―2.0
	Liberal	Stuart Mole	29,446	47.0	+5.5
	Labour	Clive Playford	3,208	5.1	―3.8
	Independent	Philip Waite	127	0.2	New
Majority			378	0.6	―9.3
Turnout			62,605	79.4	―4.5
	Conservative hold		Swing	―4.7

Elections in the 1970s

General election 1979: Chelmsford

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Norman St John-Stevas	33,808	49.6	+8.0
	Liberal	Stuart Mole	28,337	41.5	+6.3
	Labour	Susan Ann Reeves	6,041	8.9	―14.3
Majority			5,471	8.1	+1.7
Turnout			68,186	81.0	+1.8
	Conservative hold		Swing	+0.9

General election October 1974: Chelmsford

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Norman St John-Stevas	26,334	41.6	―1.3
	Liberal	Stuart Mole	22,332	35.2	+2.2
	Labour	John Thomas Acklaw	14,711	23.2	―0.9
Majority			4,002	6.4	―3.5
Turnout			66,377	79.2	―4.7
	Conservative hold		Swing	―1.8

General election February 1974: Chelmsford

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Norman St John-Stevas	28,560	42.9	―11.1
	Liberal	Stuart Mole	21,929	33.0	+24.3
	Labour	Frances Morrell	16,063	24.1	―12.7
Majority			6,631	9.9
Turnout			66,552	83.9
	Conservative hold		Swing

General election 1970: Chelmsford

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Norman St John-Stevas	36,821	55.2	+8.0
	Labour	Gavin Kennedy	23,780	35.6	―
	Liberal	Jessie Hunt	5,811	8.7	―5.2
	Independent	Joseph D. Steel	350	0.5	New
Majority			13,041	19.5
Turnout			66,762	75.6
	Conservative hold		Swing	+5.3

Elections in the 1960s

General election 1966: Chelmsford

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Norman St John-Stevas	28,600	47.2
	Labour	Colin George	23,625	39.0	―3.4
	Liberal	W Peter Longhurst	8,419	13.9
Majority			4,975	8.20
Turnout			60,644	82.47
	Conservative hold		Swing	–2.00

General election 1964: Chelmsford

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Norman St John-Stevas	27,849	47.95
	Labour	E Gordon Lawrence	20,816	35.84
	Liberal	W Peter Longhurst	9,414	16.21	New
Majority			7,033	12.11
Turnout			58,105	82.78
	Conservative hold		Swing

Elections in the 1950s

General election 1959: Chelmsford

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Hubert Ashton	29,992	59.85
	Labour	Brian Ralph Clapham	20,124	40.15
Majority			9,868	19.70
Turnout			50,116	81.32
	Conservative hold		Swing

General election 1955: Chelmsford

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Hubert Ashton	25,450	55.63
	Labour	Bernard Floud	20,301	44.37
Majority			5,149	11.26
Turnout			45,751	81.82
	Conservative hold		Swing

General election 1951: Chelmsford

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Hubert Ashton	29,069	55.01
	Labour	James Haworth	23,775	44.99
Majority			5,294	10.02
Turnout			52,844	83.31
	Conservative hold		Swing

General election 1950: Chelmsford

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Hubert Ashton	28,541	54.65
	Labour	Ernest Millington	23,682	45.35
Majority			4,859	9.30	N/A
Turnout			52,223	84.33
	Conservative gain from Labour		Swing

Elections in the 1940s

General election 1945: Chelmsford

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Common Wealth	Ernest Millington	27,309	46.7	N/A
	Conservative	Hubert Ashton	25,229	43.2	-27.6
	Liberal	Hilda Buckmaster	5,909	10.1	New
Majority			2,080	3.5	N/A
Turnout			58,447	73.4	+8.0
	Common Wealth gain from Conservative		Swing

1945 Chelmsford by-election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Common Wealth	Ernest Millington	24,548	57.5	New
	Conservative	Brian Batsford	18,117	42.5	-28.3
Majority			6,431	15.0	N/A
Turnout			42,665	54.1	-11.3
	Common Wealth gain from Conservative		Swing

General Election 1939–40:

Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1940. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place from 1939 and by the end of this year, the following candidates had been selected;

• Conservative: John Macnamara
• Labour: Mary Day

Elections in the 1930s

General election 1935: Chelmsford

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	John Macnamara	28,314	70.8	-9.7
	Labour	Fred Hughes	11,690	29.2	+9.7
Majority			16,624	41.6	-19.4
Turnout			40,004	65.4	-5.5
	Conservative hold		Swing

General election 1931: Chelmsford

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Vivian Henderson	31,961	80.5	+36.7
	Labour	Joseph Sparks	7,755	19.5	-3.3
Majority			24,206	61.0	+50.6
Turnout			39,716	70.9	-4.2
	Conservative hold		Swing

Elections in the 1920s

General election 1929: Chelmsford

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Unionist	Charles Howard-Bury	17,094	43.8	–4.0
	Liberal	Sydney Robinson	13,034	33.4	+3.2
	Labour	Nils Henry Moller	8,910	22.8	+0.8
Majority			4,060	10.4	–7.2
Turnout			39,038	75.1	+4.6
	Unionist hold		Swing	–3.6

1926 Chelmsford by-election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Unionist	Charles Howard-Bury	13,395	47.8	–6.9
	Liberal	Sydney Robinson	8,435	30.2	–5.1
	Labour	Nils Henry Moller	6,140	22.0	+12.0
Majority			4,960	17.6	–1.8
Turnout			27,970	70.5	–6.6
	Unionist hold		Swing	–0.9

General election 1924: Chelmsford

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Unionist	Henry Curtis-Bennett	15,875	54.7	+10.5
	Liberal	Sydney Robinson	10,244	35.3	–20.5
	Labour	Nils Henry Moller	2,904	10.0	New
Majority			5,631	19.4	N/A
Turnout			29,023	77.1	+13.6
	Unionist gain from Liberal		Swing	+15.5

General election 1923: Chelmsford

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Sydney Robinson	12,877	55.8	+26.0
	Unionist	E. G. Pretyman	10,185	44.2	–8.4
Majority			2,692	11.6	N/A
Turnout			23,062	63.5	+2.5
	Liberal gain from Unionist		Swing	+17.2

General election 1922: Chelmsford

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Unionist	E. G. Pretyman	11,267	52.6	–14.3
	Liberal	Sydney Robinson	6,380	29.8	New
	Labour	Clara Rackham	3,767	17.6	–15.5
Majority			4,887	22.8	–11.0
Turnout			21,414	61.0	+10.8
	Unionist hold		Swing	N/A

Elections in the 1910s

General election 1918: Chelmsford

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
C	Unionist	E. G. Pretyman	11,217	66.9	N/A
	Labour	William Frederick Toynbee	5,551	33.1	New
Majority			5,666	33.8	N/A
Turnout			16,768	50.2	N/A
	Unionist hold		Swing	N/A
Cindicates candidate endorsed by the coalition government.

General election December 1910: Chelmsford ^[30]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	E. G. Pretyman	Unopposed
	Conservative hold

General election January 1910: Chelmsford ^[30]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	E. G. Pretyman	6,816	61.5	+9.1
	Liberal	T.Cuthbertson	4,271	38.5	-9.1
Majority			2,545	23.0	+18.2
Turnout			11,087	83.3	+3.6
Registered electors			13,314
	Conservative hold		Swing

Elections in the 1900s

1908 Chelmsford by-election ^[30]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	E. G. Pretyman	6,152	63.2	+10.8
	Liberal	Alexander Henry Dence	3,587	36.8	−10.8
Majority			2,565	26.4	+21.6
Turnout			9,739	77.7	−2.0
Registered electors			12,539
	Conservative hold		Swing	+10.8

General election January 1906: Chelmsford ^[30]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Carne Rasch	4,915	52.4	−20.5
	Liberal	Alexander Henry Dence	4,461	47.6	+20.5
Majority			454	4.8	−41.0
Turnout			9,376	79.7	+13.7
Registered electors			11,767
	Conservative hold		Swing	+20.5

General election October 1900: Chelmsford ^[30]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Carne Rasch	4,978	72.9	N/A
	Liberal	Charles Henry	1,849	27.1	New
Majority			3,129	45.8	N/A
Turnout			6,827	66.0	N/A
Registered electors			10,341
	Conservative hold		Swing	N/A

Elections in the 1890s

General election 1895: Chelmsford ^[30]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Thomas Usborne	Unopposed
	Conservative hold

General election 1892: Chelmsford ^[30]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Thomas Usborne	4,168	59.8	N/A
	Liberal	William Ebenezer Grigsby [31]	2,799	40.2	New
Majority			1,369	19.6	N/A
Turnout			6,967	74.6	N/A
Registered electors			9,333
	Conservative hold		Swing	N/A

By-election, 1892 ^[30]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Thomas Usborne	Unopposed
	Conservative hold

Elections in the 1880s

General election 1886: Chelmsford ^[30]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	William Beadel	Unopposed
	Conservative hold

General election 1885: Chelmsford ^[30]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	William Beadel	4,321	58.4
	Liberal	Richard Martin	3,079	41.6
Majority			1,242	16.8
Turnout			7,400	79.8
Registered electors			9,277
	Conservative win (new seat)

Boundary changes

Preceded by Constituency created	UK Parliament constituency Chelmsford (West), Writtle 1885–1997	Succeeded by Chelmsford West
	UK Parliament constituency Chelmsford (East), Great Baddow, Danbury 1885–1997	Succeeded by Maldon and Chelmsford East
	UK Parliament constituency Ingatestone 1885–1974	Succeeded by Brentwood and Ongar
	UK Parliament constituency Ongar 1885–1955	Succeeded by Chigwell
	UK Parliament constituency Brentwood 1885–1950	Succeeded by Romford

See also

• List of parliamentary constituencies in Essex

Notes

1. A borough constituency (for the purposes of election expenses and type of returning officer).

References

Specific

Craig, F. W. S. (1983). British parliamentary election results 1918–1949 (3 ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. ISBN   0-900178-06-X.

General

1. "Chelmsford: Usual Resident Population, 2011". Neighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Archived from the original on 21 February 2015. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
2. "Electorate Figures – Boundary Commission for England". 2011 Electorate Figures. Boundary Commission for England. 4 March 2011. Archived from the original on 6 November 2010. Retrieved 13 March 2011.
3. "Frederick Carne Rasch Alumnus Record". University of Cambridge Alumni Print Records. University of Cambridge. Archived from the original on 24 June 2020. Retrieved 22 June 2020.
4. Great Britain, Incorporated Council of Law Reporting for England and Wales. The public general acts. unknown library. Proprietors of the Law Journal Reports, 1884.
5. Fraser, Hugh (1918). The Representation of the people act, 1918 : with explanatory notes. University of California Libraries. London : Sweet and Maxwell.
6. Craig, Fred W. S. (1972). Boundaries of parliamentary constituencies 1885-1972;. Chichester: Political Reference Publications. ISBN   0900178094. OCLC   539011.
7. "The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 1970". www.legislation.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 30 January 2019. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
8. "The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 1983". www.legislation.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 29 January 2019. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
9. "The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 2007". www.legislation.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 20 November 2018. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
10. "The Parliamentary Constituencies Order 2023". Schedule I Part 2 Eastern region.
11. "Chelmsford 1885–1997". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard) . Archived from the original on 6 September 2014. Retrieved 2 February 2015.
12. Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "C" (part 3)
13. Vicky Ford [@vickyford] (4 April 2023). "Delighted and honoured to be reselected by members of the local Chelmsford @Conservatives Association as their candidate for the next UK General Election. 🗳️" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
14. "Liberal Democrat Prospective Parliamentary Candidates". Mark Pack . Retrieved 21 December 2023.
15. "Find My PPC (Eastern England)" (PDF). Reform UK . Retrieved 15 December 2023.
16. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 November 2019. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
17. "Chelmsford parliamentary constituency - Election 2019". BBC News. Archived from the original on 7 August 2017. Retrieved 21 June 2018.
18. "Chelmsford City Council" . Retrieved 18 May 2017.^{[ permanent dead link ]}
19. "MEP Vicky Ford to fight for Chelmsford seat in General election". ITV. 29 April 2017. Archived from the original on 7 May 2017. Retrieved 8 May 2017.
20. "General Election 2017 – Candidate List – (A – M)". labour.org.uk. Archived from the original on 11 May 2017. Retrieved 8 May 2017.
21. "Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
22. "Chelmsford parliamentary constituency - Election 2017". BBC News. Archived from the original on 7 August 2017. Retrieved 21 June 2018.
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30. British parliamentary election results 1885–1918
31. "Profile of To-day". Gloucester Citizen . 2 September 1899. p. 4. Retrieved 21 November 2017.

Sources

• F. W. S. Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results 1974 – 1983
• The Times Guide to the House of Commons 1983, 1987 & 1992

External links

• nomis Constituency Profile for Chelmsford — presenting data from the ONS annual population survey and other official statistics.