Mossman Queensland | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coordinates | 16°27′37″S145°22′25″E / 16.4604°S 145.3736°E | ||||||||||||||
Population | 1,935 (2021 census) [1] | ||||||||||||||
• Density | 159.9/km2 (414.2/sq mi) | ||||||||||||||
Postcode(s) | 4873 | ||||||||||||||
Elevation | 12 m (39 ft) | ||||||||||||||
Area | 12.1 km2 (4.7 sq mi) | ||||||||||||||
Time zone | AEST (UTC+10:00) | ||||||||||||||
Location |
| ||||||||||||||
LGA(s) | Shire of Douglas | ||||||||||||||
County | Solander | ||||||||||||||
State electorate(s) | Cook | ||||||||||||||
Federal division(s) | Leichhardt | ||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||
|
Mossman is a rural town and locality in the Shire of Douglas, Queensland, Australia. [2] [3] It is the administrative centre for the Douglas Shire Council [4] In the 2021 census, the locality of Mossman had a population of 1,935 people. [1]
Mossman in Far North Queensland on the Mossman River. [5]
Mossman is located on the Captain Cook Highway 75 kilometres (47 mi) north of the regional city of Cairns, and 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) east of the Mount Carbine Tableland. The Mossman River flows through the locality from west (Finlayvale / Mossman Gorge) to east (Newell / Bonnie Doon). [5]
Mossman Gorge, a popular attraction within Daintree National Park and the broader Wet Tropics of Queensland World Heritage area is located west of town.
Sugar cane farming is an important aspect of the local economy, with Mossman Central Mill, the only sugar mill in the district ( 16°27′31″S145°22′43″E / 16.4586°S 145.3786°E ), processing the cane before sending it to Cairns for shipping domestically and internationally. There is a network of cane tramways through Mossman and nearby sugarcane growing areas to deliver the harvested sugarcane to the mill. [5]
The traditional language area of Kuka-Dyangan (also known as Djangun, Gugu Djangun and Kuka Djangun) includes landscape within the local government boundaries of the Douglas Shire and Cook Shire. [6]
Kuku Yalanji (also known as Gugu Yalanji, Kuku Yalaja, and Kuku Yelandji) is an Australian Aboriginal language of the Mossman and Daintree areas of North Queensland. The language region includes areas within the local government area of Shire of Douglas and Shire of Cook, particularly the localities of Mossman, Daintree, Bloomfield River, China Camp, Maytown, Palmer, Cape Tribulation and Wujal Wujal. [7]
Yalanji (also known as Kuku Yalanji, Kuku Yalaja, Kuku Yelandji, and Gugu Yalanji) is an Australian Aboriginal language of Far North Queensland. The traditional language region is Mossman River in the south to the Annan River in the north, bordered by the Pacific Ocean in the east and extending inland to west of Mount Mulgrave. This includes the local government boundaries of the Shire of Douglas, the Shire of Cook and the Aboriginal Shire of Wujal Wujal and the towns and localities of Cooktown, Mossman, Daintree, Cape Tribulation and Wujal Wujal. It includes the head of the Palmer River, the Bloomfield River, China Camp, Maytown, and Palmerville. [8]
The district was originally known as Mossman River after the river which flows through it. The Mossman River, in turn, was named by the explorer George Dalrymple on 6 December 1873 after Hugh Mosman who discovered gold in Charters Towers. Dalrymple wrote "I named this river the Mossman River, after Mossman, an explorer and mining man, member of a very prominent mining family". The town was also known for a brief time as Hartsville after Daniel Hart, an early settler. Later the name was changed to Mossman. [9] [10] [11]
The Mossman - Port Douglas parish of the Roman Catholic Vicariate Apostolic of Queensland (now the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cairns) was established in 1877. [12]
Mossman River Post Office opened by 1895 (a receiving office had been open from 1883) and was renamed Mossman in 1899. [13]
Mossman Central Sugar Mill commenced crushing on 23 August 1897. [14]
Mossman River State School opened on 31 January 1898 under head teacher Thomas Garland. It was renamed Mossman State School in 1910. A secondary department was opened on 1 February 1955, which operated until a separate Mossman State High School opened on 30 January 1973. [15] [16]
The establishment and subsequent growth of Cairns and the completion of the Cairns Railway up through the Barron Gorge in 1891 gave a more direct gateway to the hinterland but, at this period, it was found that the Mossman district contained suitable land for sugar-growing. The establishment of the sugar mill at Mossman formed the nucleus of the town, which grew at the expense of Port Douglas. [17]
The district was served by two separate 2-foot (610 mm) gauge tramway systems. [18] Both at one time handled passengers and general goods, as well as sugar cane. Mossman district owes its present prosperity to these tramways which pioneered the first reasonable transport in the neighbourhood, for trafficable roads followed later. [17]
In June 1905, tenders were called to erect a Catholic church in Mossman. [19] On Sunday 21 January 1906, St Augustine's Catholic church was consecrated by Bishop James Murray in the presence of several hundred spectators. [20]
On Thursday 16 March 1911, a cyclone hit Mossman and Port Douglas doing considerable damage. In Mossman, over 80 people were homeless and the Catholic and Anglican churches were destroyed. [21] [22] [23] [24]
On Sunday 11 February 1912, a new St Augustine's Catholic Church was opened by Bishop Murray. [25] It was in Junction Road (approx 16°27′30″S145°22′26″E / 16.4584°S 145.3740°E ), opposite the Mossman Butchery Company (established in 1927 at 3 Junction Road, 16°27′31″S145°22′27″E / 16.4586°S 145.3743°E ). [26] [27] [28] As the population of Mossman grew, there was a desire to build a Catholic school, but the Junction Road site did not have the space, so a new site was purchased in Grogan Street. On Sunday 29 April 1934, Bishop John Heavey officially opened the new St Augustine's complex at Grogan Street, consisting of a presbytery, a combined church and school building, and a convent. The architect was Vibert McKirdy Brown. [29] [30] St Augustine's Catholic School opened with 70 students, with the initial teachers being Sisters Mary Agnes, Gabriel, Cecelia and Pius of the Sisters of Mercy. [31] On 30 January 1977, a new hexagonal-shaped St Augustine's church opened on the Grogan Street site with the former church being converted into school classrooms. [31] [26]
During World War II, Mossman was attacked in a Japanese air raid on 31 July 1942. A single flying boat dropped a bomb that fell near a house and injured a child. [32]
Mossman State High School opened on 30 January 1973. [33] [34]
Mossman Library opened in 1977. [35]
Prior to 2008, Mossman was the seat of the Shire of Douglas. In 2008, the Shire of Douglas was amalgamated into the Cairns Region, which was administered from both Cairns and Mossman. In 2014, the Shire of Douglas was de-amalgamated from Cairns Region and reinstated as Shire of Douglas. [36]
In the 2006 census, the town of Mossman had a population of 1,740 people. [37]
In the 2016 census, the locality of Mossman had a population of 1,937 people. [38]
In the 2021 census, the locality of Mossman had a population of 1,935 people. [1]
Mossman has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
Mossman Central Mill Company Limited opened in 1894 as co-operative sugar mill owned by local sugarcane farmers. The first sugarcane was crushed on 23 August 1897, the sugarcane coming from Bonnie Doon. [14] Annie Rose fed the first sugarcane into the mill, with the mill producing its first sugar after crushing 27,905 tonnes (30,760 tons) of cane for the initial season. [43] [44]
In 1906, Mossman Mill became the first Queensland mill to crush over 100,000 tonnes (98,000 long tons; 110,000 short tons) of cane. That season lasted just under 8 months, extending from June 1906 to late January 1907. [44]
Initially, sugar was transported by sea from Port Douglas, but later the sugar was taken by road to the bulk sugar terminal in Cairns. [44]
Louis John Frederick Prince (General Manager) pioneered the use of computers for cane payment accounting and, in 1971, Mossman purchased the first process control computer used in the world sugar industry. [44]
The mill closed in 2024. [45]
Mossman State School is a government primary (Prep-6) school for boys and girls at 30-34 Front Street ( 16°27′42″S145°22′27″E / 16.4617°S 145.3743°E ). [46] [47] In 2017, the school had an enrolment of 213 students with 16 teachers (13 full-time equivalent) and 22 non-teaching staff (13 full-time equivalent). [48]
Mossman State High School is a government secondary (7-12) school for boys and girls at 46-62 Front Street ( 16°27′48″S145°22′25″E / 16.4634°S 145.3735°E ). [46] [49] In 2017, the school had an enrolment of 611 students with 62 teachers (56 full-time equivalent) and 41 non-teaching staff (31 full-time equivalent). [48] It includes a special education program. [50]
St Augustine's School is a Catholic primary (Prep-6) school for boys and girls at Grogan Street ( 16°27′42″S145°22′08″E / 16.4617°S 145.3688°E ). [46] [51] In 2017, the school had an enrolment of 217 students with 16 teachers (14 full-time equivalent) and 13 non-teaching staff (6 full-time equivalent). [48]
The Tropical North Steiner School has been approved to open in 2022; it will offer Prep to Year 3 initially. [52]
Douglas Shire Council operates Mossman Library at 14 Mill Street ( 16°27′32″S145°22′30″E / 16.4589°S 145.3750°E ). [53]
The Mossman branch of the Queensland Country Women's Association meets at 28 Front Street ( 16°27′41″S145°22′26″E / 16.4614°S 145.3738°E ). [54]
There are a number of churches in Mossman, including:
Mossman Hospital is a public hospital at 9 Hospital Street ( 16°27′50″S145°22′06″E / 16.4639°S 145.3682°E ). It has an accident and emergency services, clinics, and an in-patient pharmacy. [60] [61]
Mossman has a number of sporting clubs including the Coral Coast Judo Club. [62]
Gordonvale is a rural sugar-growing town and locality situated on the southern side of Cairns in the Cairns Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, the locality of Gordonvale had a population of 6,944 people.
Daintree is a rural town and locality in the Shire of Douglas, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, the locality of Daintree had a population of 93 people.
Port Douglas is a coastal town and locality in the Shire of Douglas, Queensland, Australia, approximately 60 km north of Cairns.
Wujal Wujal, sometimes spelt Wudjil Wudjil, is a rural town and locality in the Wujal Wujal Aboriginal Shire, Queensland, Australia. It is an Aboriginal community. In the 2021 census, the locality of Wujal Wujal had a population of 276 people.
Maytown was the main township on the Palmer River Goldfields in Far North Queensland, Australia. It is now a ghost town within locality of Palmer in the Shire of Cook, having been active from c. 1874 to the 1920s. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 1 June 2004.
Cape Tribulation is a headland and coastal locality in the Shire of Douglas in northern Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, Cape Tribulation had a population of 123 people.
Far North Queensland (FNQ) is the northernmost part of the Australian state of Queensland. Its largest city is Cairns and it is dominated geographically by Cape York Peninsula, which stretches north to the Torres Strait, and west to the Gulf Country. The waters of Torres Strait include the only international border in the area contiguous with the Australian mainland, between Australia and Papua New Guinea.
The Palmer River is a river in Far North Queensland, Australia. The area surrounding the river was the site of a gold rush in the late 19th century which started in 1873.
Mossman Gorge is a rural locality in the Shire of Douglas, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, Mossman Gorge had a population of 248 people.
The Kuku Yalanji, also known as Gugu-Yalanji, Kuku Yalandji or Kokojelandji, are an Aboriginal Australian people originating from the rainforest regions of Far North Queensland.
The Shire of Douglas is a local government area in Far North Queensland. It is located on the coast north of the city of Cairns. The shire, administered from the town of Mossman, covers an area of 2,428 square kilometres (937.5 sq mi), and existed as a local government entity from 1880 until 2008, when it was amalgamated with the City of Cairns to become the Cairns Region. Following a poll in 2013, the Shire of Douglas was re-established on 1 January 2014.
The Shire of Cook is a local government area in Far North Queensland, Australia. The Shire covers most of the eastern and central parts of Cape York Peninsula, the most northerly section of the Australian mainland.
The Bloomfield River is a river in the Wet Tropics of Far North Queensland, Australia, noted for its Bloomfield River cod fish species, found only in the river.
Cooktown is a coastal town and locality in the Shire of Cook, Queensland, Australia. Cooktown is at the mouth of the Endeavour River, on Cape York Peninsula in Far North Queensland where James Cook beached his ship, the Endeavour, for repairs in 1770. Both the town and Mount Cook which rises up behind the town were named after James Cook.
The Wujal Wujal Aboriginal Shire is a local government area in Far North Queensland, Australia. It is managed as a Deed of Grant in Trust under the Local Government Act 2004.
Bloomfield is a rural town in the Shire of Cook and a coastal locality which is split between the Shire of Cook and the Shire of Douglas in Queensland, Australia. The neighbourhood of Ayton is within the locality. In the 2021 census, the locality of Bloomfield had a population of 228 people.
Palmer is a rural locality in the Shire of Cook, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, Palmer had a population of 46 people.
The Mossman River is a river in lower Cape York Peninsula, Queensland, Australia.
Miallo is a rural locality in the Shire of Douglas, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, Miallo had a population of 406 people.
Mount Mulgrave is a rural locality in the Shire of Mareeba, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, Mount Mulgrave had a population of 11 people.