NGC 7678

Last updated
NGC 7678
A peculiar sight (51071251783).jpg
NGC 7678 by the Hubble Space Telescope
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Constellation Pegasus
Right ascension 23h 28m 27.9s [1]
Declination +22° 25′ 16″ [1]
Redshift 0.011638 ± 0.000005 [1]
Heliocentric radial velocity 3,489 ± 1 km/s [1]
Distance 132 ± 34.9 Mly (40.38 ± 10.69 Mpc) [1]
Apparent magnitude  (V)11.8 [2]
Characteristics
Type SAB(rs)c [1]
Apparent size  (V)2.17′ × 1.67′ [1]
Notable featuresStarburst galaxy
Other designations
UGC 12614, VV 359, Arp 28, CGCG 476-045, MCG +04-55-017, PGC 71534 [1]

NGC 7678 is an intermediate spiral galaxy located in the constellation Pegasus. It is located at a distance of about 130 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 7678 is about 95,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on September 15, 1784. [3]

Contents

Characteristics

NGC 7678 is a grand design spiral galaxy with two arms, from which the south arm is more prominent, and as a result the galaxy is asymmetrical. It was initially considered to that the asymmetry was the caused by a different galaxy interacting with NGC 7678 but further observations reveal that this is not the case. [4] The galaxy is featured in Arp's Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies as number 28, in the category "One heavy arm". [5]

The galaxy has a small nucleus and a weak bar. [4] The galaxy had been identified based on the spectral emission as a type 2 Seyfert galaxy, [6] but the ratio of [NII]λ 6583/H-alpha indicates it is an HII region or a low-ionization nuclear emission-line region, [4] with the HII region classification being supported by the λ6584/Hα and λ5007/Hβ ratios. [7]

Many large HII regions are visible at the southern arm. [4] Ten giant HII regions have been detected in NGC 7678, with the largest having a mass of 107  M☉ . These regions are places of active star formation and contain star clusters. [8] The largest HII region in the southern arm could be the relic of a satellite galaxy that merged with NGC 7678 and caused the starburst activity. [4] The total star formation rate of the galaxy is estimated to be 3.8 M☉ per year based on corrected Paα emission or 7.4 M☉ per year based on infrared emission. [9]

Four supernovas have been detected in NGC 7678; SN 1997dc (type Ib, mag. 18.3), SN 2002dp (type Ia, mag. 15.1), SN 2009ga (type IIP, mag. 16.2), and SN 2021qvr (type II). [10] [11]

Nearby galaxies

NGC 7678 is an isolated galaxy in the kiloparsec scale. [12] Garcia indetified the galaxy as member of a galaxy group known as LGG 474. Other members of the group include NGC 7673, NGC 7677, and NGC 7664. [13]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3227</span> Galaxy in the constellation Leo

NGC 3227 is an intermediate spiral galaxy that is interacting with the dwarf elliptical galaxy NGC 3226. The two galaxies are one of several examples of a spiral with a dwarf elliptical companion that are listed in the Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies. Both galaxies may be found in the constellation Leo. It is a member of the NGC 3227 Group of galaxies, which is a member of the Leo II Groups, a series of galaxies and galaxy clusters strung out from the right edge of the Virgo Supercluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1566</span> Galaxy in the constellation Dorado

NGC 1566, sometimes known as the Spanish Dancer, is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation Dorado, positioned about 3.5° to the south of the star Gamma Doradus. It was discovered on May 28, 1826 by Scottish astronomer James Dunlop. At 10th magnitude, it requires a telescope to view. The distance to this galaxy remains elusive, with measurements ranging from 6 Mpc up to 21 Mpc.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4639</span> Galaxy in the constellation Virgo

NGC 4639 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the equatorial constellation of Virgo. It was discovered by German-born astronomer William Herschel on April 12, 1784. John L. E. Dreyer described it as "pretty bright, small, extended, mottled but not resolved, 12th magnitude star 1 arcmin to southeast". This is a relatively nearby galaxy, lying approximately 72 million light-years away from the Milky Way. It is a companion to NGC 4654, and the two appear to have interacted roughly 500 million years ago. NGC 4639 is a member of the Virgo Cluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1672</span> Galaxy in the constellation Dorado

NGC 1672 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Dorado. It was discovered by the astronomer James Dunlop on November 5, 1826. It was originally unclear whether it was a member of the Dorado Group, with some sources finding it to be a member and other sources rejecting its membership. However, recent tip of the red-giant branch (TRGB) measurements indicate that NGC 1672 is located at the same distance as other members, suggesting it is indeed a member of the Dorado Group.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 7319</span> Galaxy in the constellation Pegasus

NGC 7319 is a highly distorted barred spiral galaxy that is a member of the compact Stephan's Quintet group located in the constellation Pegasus, some 311 megalight-years distant from the Milky Way. The galaxy's arms, dust and gas have been highly disturbed as a result of the interaction with the other members of the Quintet. Nearly all of the neutral hydrogen has been stripped from this galaxy, most likely as a result of a collision with NGC 7320c some 100 million years ago. A pair of long, parallel tidal tails extend southward from NGC 7319 in the direction of NGC 7320c, and is undergoing star formation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1614</span> Galaxy in the constellation Eridanus

NGC 1614 is the New General Catalogue identifier for a spiral galaxy in the equatorial constellation of Eridanus. It was discovered on December 29, 1885 by American astronomer Lewis Swift, who described it in a shorthand notation as: pretty faint, small, round, a little brighter middle. The nebula was then catalogued by Danish-Irish astronomer J. L. E. Drayer in 1888. When direct photography became available, it was noted that this galaxy displayed some conspicuous peculiarities. American astronomer Halton Arp included it in his 1966 Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies. In 1971, Swiss astronomer Fritz Zwicky described it as a "blue post-eruptive galaxy, compact patchy core, spiral plumes, long blue jet SSW".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 7552</span> Galaxy in the constellation Grus

NGC 7552 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Grus. It is at a distance of circa 60 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 7552 is about 75,000 light years across. It forms with three other spiral galaxies the Grus Quartet.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 2782</span> Galaxy in the constellation Lynx

NGC 2782 is a peculiar spiral galaxy that formed after a galaxy merger in the constellation Lynx. The galaxy lies 75 million light years away from Earth, which means, given its apparent dimensions, that NGC 2782 is approximately 100,000 light years across. NGC 2782 has an active galactic nucleus and it is a starburst and a type 1 Seyfert galaxy. NGC 2782 is mentioned in the Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies in the category galaxies with adjacent loops.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3631</span> Galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major

NGC 3631 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Ursa Major. It is located at a distance of about 35 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 3631 is about 60,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on April 14, 1789. It is a grand design spiral galaxy seen face on.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3256</span> Peculiar galaxy in the constellation Vela

NGC 3256 is a peculiar galaxy formed from the collision of two separate galaxies in the constellation of Vela. NGC 3256 is located about 100 million light-years away and belongs to the Hydra–Centaurus Supercluster complex. NGC 3256 provides a nearby template for studying the properties of young star clusters in tidal tails. The system hides a double nucleus and a tangle of dust lanes in the central region. The telltale signs of the collision are two extended luminous tails swirling out from the galaxy. The tails are studded with a particularly high density of star clusters. NGC 3256 is the most luminous galaxy in the infrared spectrum located within z 0.01 from Earth.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3147</span> Galaxy in the constellation Draco

NGC 3147 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Draco. It is located at a distance of circa 130 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 3147 is about 140,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on April 3, 1785. It is a Type II Seyfert galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 2336</span> Galaxy in the constellation Camelopardalis

NGC 2336 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Camelopardalis. It is located at a distance of circa 100 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 2336 is about 200,000 light years across. It was discovered by Wilhelm Tempel in 1876.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 7469</span> Galaxy located in the constellation Pegasus

NGC 7469 is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation of Pegasus. NGC 7469 is located about 200 million light-years away from Earth, which means, given its apparent dimensions, that NGC 7469 is approximately 90,000 light-years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on November 12, 1784.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 536</span> Galaxy in the constellation Andromeda

NGC 536 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Andromeda. It is located at a distance of circa 200 million light-years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 536 is about 180,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on September 13, 1784. It is a member of Hickson Compact Group 10, which also includes the galaxies NGC 529, NGC 531, and NGC 542. It belongs to the Perseus–Pisces Supercluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3367</span> Spiral galaxy in the constellation Leo

NGC 3367 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Leo. It is located at a distance of about 120 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 3367 is about 85,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on March 19, 1784.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 7130</span> Galaxy in the constellation Piscis Austrinus

NGC 7130 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Piscis Austrinus. It is located at a distance of about 220 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 7130 is about 100,000 light years across. It was discovered by John Herschel on September 25, 1834, and discovered independently by Lewis Swift on September 17, 1897. The location of the galaxy given in the New General Catalogue was off by 30 arcminutes in declination from the location of the galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 6951</span> Galaxy in the constellation Cepheus

NGC 6951 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Cepheus. It is located at a distance of about 75 million light-years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 6951 is about 100,000 light-years across. It was discovered by Jérôme Eugène Coggia in 1877 and independently by Lewis Swift in 1878.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 877</span> Galaxy located in the constellation Aries

NGC 877 is an intermediate spiral galaxy located in the constellation Aries. It is located at a distance of circa 160 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 877 is about 115,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on October 14, 1784. It interacts with NGC 876.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1142</span> Interacting and distorted spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus

NGC 1142 is a distorted spiral galaxy in the constellation of Cetus. It is located about 370 million light years away from Earth, which means, given its apparent dimensions, that NGC 1142 is approximately 170,000 light years across. It is a type 2 Seyfert galaxy. It interacts with the elliptical galaxy NGC 1141.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 5135</span>

NGC 5135 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Hydra. It is located at a distance of about 200 million light years from Earth. It was discovered by John Herschel on May 8, 1834. It is a Seyfert galaxy.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". Results for NGC 7678. Retrieved 2016-01-18.
  2. ↑ "Revised NGC Data for NGC 7678". spider.seds.org. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
  3. ↑ Seligman, Courtney. "NGC 7678 (= Arp 28)". Celestial Atlas. Retrieved 19 November 2018.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 Ann, Hong-Bae; Kim, Jeong-Mi (1 October 1996). "Photometry and Spectroscopy of the Spiral Galaxy NGC 7678". Journal of Korean Astronomical Society. 29 (2): 255–268. Bibcode:1996JKAS...29..255A. ISSN   1225-4614.
  5. ↑ "HubbleSite: A Peculiar Sight". hubblesite.org. March 22, 2021.
  6. ↑ Kazarian, M. A. (1 January 1993). "Spectrophotometric investigation of two Seyfert galaxies". Astrofizika. 36: 353–361. Bibcode:1993Afz....36..353K.
  7. ↑ Gonçalves, A. C.; Véron, P.; Véron-Cetty, M.-P. (January 1998). "Miscellaneous observations of active galactic nuclei. II". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series. 127 (2): 107–115. doi: 10.1051/aas:1998336 . S2CID   55269918.
  8. ↑ Gusev, A. S.; Sakhibov, F.; Piskunov, A. E.; Kharchenko, N. V.; Bruevich, V. V.; Ezhkova, O. V.; Guslyakova, S. A.; Lang, V.; Shimanovskaya, E. V.; Efremov, Y. N. (11 April 2016). "A spectral and photometric study of 102 star-forming regions in seven spiral galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 457 (3): 3334–3355. arXiv: 1601.07470 . doi:10.1093/mnras/stw212.
  9. ↑ Tateuchi, Ken; Konishi, Masahiro; Motohara, Kentaro; Takahashi, Hidenori; Kato, Natsuko Mitani; Kitagawa, Yutaro; Todo, Soya; Toshikawa, Koji; Sako, Shigeyuki; Uchimoto, Yuka K.; Ohsawa, Ryou; Asano, Kentaro; Ita, Yoshifusa; Kamizuka, Takafumi; Komugi, Shinya; Koshida, Shintaro; Manabe, Sho; Nakamura, Tomohiko; Nakashima, Asami; Okada, Kazushi; Takagi, Toshinobu; Tanabé, Toshihiko; Uchiyama, Mizuho; Aoki, Tsutomu; Doi, Mamoru; Handa, Toshihiro; Kawara, Kimiaki; Kohno, Kotaro; Minezaki, Takeo; Miyata, Takashi; Morokuma, Tomoki; Soyano, Takeo; Tamura, Yoichi; Tanaka, Masuo; Tarusawa, Ken'ichi; Yoshii, Yuzuru (26 February 2015). "GROUND-BASED Paα NARROW-BAND IMAGING OF LOCAL LUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES. I. STAR FORMATION RATES AND SURFACE DENSITIES". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 217 (1): 1. arXiv: 1412.3899 . doi:10.1088/0067-0049/217/1/1. S2CID   119278582.
  10. ↑ "List of Supernovae". www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu. Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
  11. ↑ "Bright Supernova pages - Most prolific galaxies". www.rochesterastronomy.org. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
  12. ↑ Koulouridis, Elias; Chavushyan, Vahram; Plionis, Manolis; Krongold, Yair; Dultzin‐Hacyan, Deborah (November 2006). "A Three‐dimensional Study of the Local Environment of Bright IRAS Galaxies: The Active Galactic Nucleus–Starburst Connection". The Astrophysical Journal. 651 (1): 93–100. arXiv: astro-ph/0606365 . doi:10.1086/507070. S2CID   15469642.
  13. ↑ Garcia, A. M. (1 July 1993). "General study of group membership. II. Determination of nearby groups". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series. 100: 47–90. Bibcode:1993A&AS..100...47G. ISSN   0365-0138.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.