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Nassariidae Temporal range: | |
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A live individual of Nassarius fossatus | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Mollusca |
Class: | Gastropoda |
Subclass: | Caenogastropoda |
Order: | Neogastropoda |
Superfamily: | Buccinoidea |
Family: | Nassariidae Iredale, 1916 (1835) |
Type genus | |
Nassarius Dumenil, 1805 | |
Species | |
See text | |
Synonyms [1] | |
Nassidae Swainson, 1835 |
The Nassariidae, Nassa mud snails (US), or dog whelks (UK) are a taxonomic family of small to medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the clade Neogastropoda. These snails have rounded shells with a high spire, an oval aperture, and a siphonal notch. This family of snails is found worldwide.
These snails are found mostly in shallow water, on sandy or muddy substrates, often intertidally, but sometimes in deep water. They can be present in very large numbers in suitable habitat. Nassariidae are primarily active and lively scavengers.
As of November 2024 [update] , the World Register of Marine Species accepts the following 48 genera, arranged within 7 subfamilies. [2]
Anentominae E. E. Strong, Galindo & Kantor, 2017
Bulliinae Allmon, 1990
Cylleninae Bellardi, 1882
Dorsaninae Cossmann, 1901
Nassariinae Iredale, 1916 (1835)
The operculum is ovate, acute and with an apical nucleus; the margin is entire or serrated. The eyes in some of the genera are near the base of the tentacles, in others near their middle, and are sometimes wanting. The aperture of the shell is either truncate, or with a short recurved siphonal canal, and the inner lip is usually callous and spreading over the body whorl. [3]
Photinae J.E. Gray, 1857
Tomliniinae Kantor, Fedosov, Kosyan, Puillandre, Sorokin, Kano, R. Clark & Bouchet, 2021
The family Nassariidae is closely related to the family of the true whelks, Buccinidae, because of their shared characteristics in the anatomy of the species in these families, [4] [5] [6] [7] ), i.e. a long proboscis, the loss of glandular dorsal folds, and a smaller gland of Leiblein (a dorsal venom gland in the mid-oesophagus).
According to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) the family Nassariidae consisted of four subfamilies:
In 2006, Photinae Gray, 1857 was recognized.
In 2017, Strong, Galindo & Kantor, 2017 recognized Anentominae as a new subfamily. [9]
Kantor et al. (2022) used molecular data to revise the classification of the Buccinoidea superfamily, proposing 20 taxa of family rank and 23 subfamilies. [10] This included the description of a new subfamily of Nassariidae, Tomliniinae. [10]
Conoidea is a superfamily of predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks within the suborder Hypsogastropoda. This superfamily is a very large group of marine mollusks, estimated at 340 recent valid genera and subgenera, and considered by one authority to contain 4,000 named living species.
The Terebridae, commonly referred to as auger shells or auger snails, is a family of predatory marine gastropods in the superfamily Conoidea. They have extremely high-spired shells with numerous whorls; their common name refers to the resemblance of their shells to rock-drill bits. More than 400 species are recently known worldwide.
Buccinoidea is a taxonomic superfamily of very small to large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks.
The Buccinidae are a very large and diverse taxonomic family of large sea snails, often known as whelks or true whelks.
The Melongenidae, the crown conchs and their relatives, are a taxonomic family of large to very large marine gastropods in the superfamily Buccinoidea.
The Columbellidae, the dove snails or dove shells, are a family of minute to small sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the order Neogastropoda.
Fasciolariidae is a family of small to large sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Buccinoidea. Species in Fasciolariidae are commonly known as tulip snails and spindle snails.
Clea is a genus of freshwater snails with opercula, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Anentominae of the family Nassariidae, a family, almost all of the rest of which are marine.
Mangeliidae is a monophyletic family of small to medium-sized, predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Conoidea.
Northia is a genus of large sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Photinae of the family Nassariidae.
Borsoniidae is a monophyletic family of small to medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Conoidea.
Tritia is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Nassariidae, the Nassa mud snails or dog whelks.
Nassodonta is a genus of brackish water snails, gastropod mollusks in the family Nassariidae.
The Ancillariidae is a taxonomic family of sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Olivoidea. They are gastropods, which belong to the larger group of mollusks. This family is part of the superfamily Cypraeoidea, which includes cowries, a well-known group of sea snails.
Anentome is a genus of freshwater snails with opercula, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Anentominae of the family Nassariidae, a family, almost all of the rest of which are marine.
The Austrosiphonidae are a taxonomic family of large sea snails, often known as whelks.
The Buccinanopsidae are a taxonomic family of large sea snails, often known as whelks in the superfamily Buccinoidea.
The Tudiclidae are taxonomic family in the superfamily Buccinoidea of large sea snails, often known as whelks and the like.
The Dolicholatiridae are a family of medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Buccinoidea.
Anentominae is a subfamily of freshwater snail in the family Nassariidae.