See also
- History of Somalia
- Flag of Somalia
- Soomaaliyeey toosoo, national anthem 2000–2012
- Qolobaa Calankeed, national anthem 2012–present
| English: National anthem of Somalia | |
|---|---|
Former national anthem of Somalia | |
| Music | Giuseppe Blanc |
| Adopted | July 1, 1960 |
| Relinquished | 2000 |
| Succeeded by | "Soomaaliyeey toosoo" |
| Audio sample | |
The National Anthem of Somalia (Somali : Astaanta Qaranka Soomaaliya) was the national anthem of Somalia between 1960 and 2000.
The Somali Republic was formed on 1 July 1960 following the union of the newly independent Trust Territory of Somalia (the former Italian Somaliland, now Somalia) and the State of Somaliland (the former British Somaliland, now Somaliland). At this time a wordless and untitled piece by Italian composer Giuseppe Blanc was adopted as the national anthem. [1] [2] This anthem remained in use during the Somali Democratic Republic period between 1969–1991. It was replaced with Soomaaliyeey toosoo by the Transitional national government of Somalia in 2000.
Somaliland, officially the Republic of Somaliland, is an unrecognised country in the Horn of Africa, recognised internationally as de jure part of Somalia. It is located in the southern coast of the Gulf of Aden and bordered by Djibouti to the northwest, Ethiopia to the south and west, and Somalia to the east. Its claimed territory has an area of 176,120 square kilometres (68,000 sq mi), with approximately 6.2 million residents as of 2024. The capital and largest city is Hargeisa. The Government of Somaliland regards itself as the successor state to British Somaliland, which, as the briefly independent State of Somaliland, united from 1960 to 1991 with the Trust Territory of Somaliland to form the Somali Republic.
The flag of Somalia, also known as the Somali flag, was adopted on October 12, 1954, and was designed by Mohammed Awale Liban. The flag was initially used within the Trust Territory of Somaliland before being adopted by the short-lived State of Somaliland and the Somali Republic. It is an ethnic flag for the Somali people; the flag's five-pointed star represents the five regions in which Somalis reside.
"Soomaaliyeey toosoo" was the national anthem of Somalia from 2000 until August 2012. It was adopted by the Transitional National Government, replacing the unnamed former national anthem.
Greater Somalia sometimes called Greater Somaliland is the geographical location comprising the regions in the Horn of Africa in which ethnic Somalis live and have historically inhabited.
The flag of Somaliland was adopted on 14 October 1996. It consists of a tricolour of green, white, and red, with a black star located in the centre. On the green stripe, there is the Shahada in white calligraphic script.
The history of Somaliland, a country in the eastern Horn of Africa bordered by the Gulf of Aden, and the East African land mass, begins with human habitation tens of thousands of years ago. It includes the civilizations of Punt, the Ottomans, and colonial influences from Europe and the Middle East.
The regions of Somaliland is divided into six administrative regions, Awdal, Sahil, Maroodi-Jeeh, Togdheer, Sanaag and Sool. These are in turn subdivided into twenty-two districts. Regions of Somaliland are the primary geographical divisions through which Somaliland is administered. A distinction is made between districts of grades A, B, C and D, with the classification being based on population, area, economy and production.
Mohamed Ibrahim Warsame, known by the pseudonym Hadrawi, was a Somali poet, philosopher and songwriter. Having written many notable protest works, Hadrawi has been likened by some to Shakespeare, and his poetry has been translated into various languages.
Somaliland, officially the State of Somaliland, was a short-lived independent country in the territory of the present-day unilaterally declared Republic of Somaliland, which regards itself as its legal successor. It existed on the territory of former British Somaliland for five days between 26 June 1960 and 1 July 1960, when it merged with the formerly Italian administered Trust Territory of Somaliland to form the Somali Republic.
The national emblem of Somaliland, was introduced on 14 October 1996 along with the flag of Somaliland, when it was approved by the National Conference. It was introduced by Abdullahi Abdi Omar (Jawaan).
The Trust Territory of Somaliland, officially the "Trust Territory of Somaliland under Italian administration", was a United Nations Trust Territory situated in present-day Somalia. Its capital was Mogadishu and was administered by Italy from 1950 to 1960, following the dissolution of the former British Military Administration. It gained independence in 1960.
The Somaliland Scouts was a Rayid military unit, a regiment, of the British Army. It was established after the liberation of British Somaliland from Italy in December 1941 and the dissolution of the Somaliland Camel Corps in 1942, which was formerly tasked with the defense of the protectorate.
The following outline is provided as an overview and topical guide to Somaliland:
The following is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Somalia. From the late 1800s to 1960, northwestern present-day Somalia was administered as British Somaliland, while the northeastern, central and southern part of the country were concurrently administered as Italian Somaliland. In 1960, the two territories were unified as the Somali Republic.
During its modern history, various national symbols have come to represent Somalia. Due to the country's instability, many of these are only used in areas under the Federal Government of Somalia, and may not apply to breakaway regions such as Somaliland.
Haji Bashir Ismail Yusuf, commonly referred to as Haji Bashir, was a Somali politician. He was a prominent Somali Youth League (SYL) member and the first President of the Somali National Assembly during the Somali Republic's early civilian administration.
"Qolobaa Calankeed" is the national anthem of Somalia. Written and composed by Abdullahi Qarshe, it was adopted on 1 August 2012 with the passage of the Somali national constitution, in which it is enshrined. It replaced "Soomaaliyeey toosoo", which had been in use since 2000. "Soomaaliyeey toosoo" is often still used as a de facto national anthem, though the official national anthem for Somalia is "Qoloba Calankeed".
Somalia–United Kingdom relations are bilateral relations between Somalia and the United Kingdom.
Independence Day of Somaliland is an annual celebration and a public holiday in Somaliland and neighbouring Somalia that commemorates the proclamation of independence of the short-lived independent State of Somaliland on 26 June 1960.
The Somaliland Declaration of Independence was made on 18 May 1991 by Somali sultans from the Isaaq, Dhulbahante, Issa, Gadabursi, Warsangali clans, as well as the Somali National Movement.