Ovenbird (family)

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Ovenbirds
Scaly-throated Foliage-gleaner.jpg
Scaly-throated foliage-gleaner (Anabacerthia variegaticeps)
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Parvorder: Furnariida
Family: Furnariidae
Gray, 1840
Subfamilies

Ovenbirds or furnariids are a large family of small suboscine passerine birds found from Mexico and Central to southern South America. They form the family Furnariidae. This is a large family containing around 315 species and 70 genera. The ovenbird (Seiurus aurocapilla), which breeds in North America, is not a furnariid – rather it is a distantly related bird of the wood warbler family, Parulidae.

Contents

The ovenbirds are a diverse group of insectivores which get their name from the elaborate, vaguely "oven-like" clay nests built by the horneros, although most other ovenbirds build stick nests or nest in tunnels or clefts in rock. [1] The Spanish word for "oven" (horno) gives the horneros their name. Furnariid nests are always constructed with a cover, and up to six pale blue, greenish or white eggs are laid. The eggs hatch after 15 to 22 days, and the young fledge after a further 13 to 20 days. [2]

They are small to medium-sized birds, ranging from 9 to 35 cm in length. [2] While individual species often are habitat specialists, species of this family can be found in virtually any Neotropical habitat, ranging from city parks inhabited by rufous horneros, to tropical Amazonian lowlands by many species of foliage-gleaners, to temperate barren Andean highlands inhabited by several species of miners. Two species, the seaside and the surf cinclodes, are associated with rocky coasts.

Taxonomy and systematics

The woodcreepers (formerly Dendrocolaptidae) were merged into this family, following analysis of sequences. [3] While confirming the overall phylogenetic pattern, other scientists instead opted for maintaining the woodcreepers as a separate family, while splitting the ovenbirds (as traditionally defined) into two families, Furnariidae and Scleruridae. [4]

The cladogram below showing the subfamilies of the ovenbirds is based on a molecular genetic studies that revealed that Sclerurinae was the first group to diverge [5] [6] The species numbers are from the list maintained by the International Ornithologists' Union (IOC). [7]

Furnariidae

Sclerurinae – miners and leaftosser (18 species)

Dendrocolaptinae – woodcreepers (58 species)

Furnariinae – "true" ovenbirds (239 species)

The phylogeny of the Furnariidae is now well understood thanks to multiple analyses of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA. [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] Among other discoveries, the classification of several genera had to be revised. [13] [14] [15] The taxonomic arrangement presented below is based on molecular genetic studies of ovenbird relationships. [4] [16] [17] [12] However, because ovenbirds and woodcreepers are treated here as a single family some taxonomic ranks were modified. For more detail see "List of ovenbird species".

Subfamily: Sclerurinae – miners and leaftossers

Subfamily: Dendrocolaptinae – woodcreepers

Subfamily: Furnariinae – Neotropical ovenbirds and allies

Rufous hornero (Furnarius rufus) nest, showing the entrance chamber and dividing wall to breeding chamber Furnarius nest.jpg
Rufous hornero (Furnarius rufus) nest, showing the entrance chamber and dividing wall to breeding chamber

The phylogenetic tree shown below is based on a large-scale genetic 2020 study of the suboscines by Michael Harvey and collaborators. [11] The tawny tit-spinetail (Leptasthenura yanacencis) has been moved to the genus Sylviorthorhynchus , the sulphur-bearded spinetail (Cranioleuca sulphurifera) has been moved to the genus Limnoctites and its English name changed to the sulphur-bearded reedhaunter, and the white-bellied spinetail (Synallaxis propinqua) has been placed in the monotypic genus Mazaria . [27] These changes are included in the tree shown below. The remaining paraphyletic genera are flagged in the tree by an asterisk.

In 2009, the large ovenbird family was divided into tribes by Robert Moyle and collaborators. The tribes as defined in the 2009 article do not fit well with the revised taxonomy of Harvey and are not included here. For example, the tribe Furnariini as defined in the 2009 article is not monophyletic in the Harvey phylogeny. [4] The species numbers in the cladogram are from the list maintained by the International Ornithologists' Union (IOC). [7]

Furnariinae

Xenops – xenops (3 species)

Berlepschia – point-tailed palmcreeper

Microxenops – rufous-tailed xenops

Pygarrhichas – white-throated treerunner

Ochetorhynchus – earthcreepers and crag chilia (4 species)

Premnoplex – barbtails (2 species)

Margarornis – treerunners (4 species)

Cichlocolaptes – treehunters (2 species)

* Philydor pyrrhodes – cinnamon-rumped foliage-gleaner

* Philydor atricapillus (type of genus) – black-capped foliage-gleaner

Heliobletus – sharp-billed treehunter

* Philydor – foliage-gleaners (2 species?)

Megaxenops – great xenops

Anabacerthia – foliage-gleaners (5 species)

Syndactyla – foliage-gleaners (8 species)

Ancistrops – chestnut-winged hookbill

Dendroma – foliage-gleaners (2 species)

Clibanornis – foliage-gleaners (5 species)

Thripadectes – treehunters (7 species)

Automolus – foliage-gleaners and woodhaunters (10 species)

Tarphonomus – earthcreepers (2 species)

Premnornis – rusty-winged barbtail

Pseudocolaptes – tufted-cheeks (3 species)

Furnarius – horneros (8 species)

Lochmias – sharp-tailed streamcreeper

Limnornis – curve-billed reedhaunter

Phleocryptes – wren-like rushbird

Geocerthia – striated earthcreeper

Upucerthia – earthcreepers (4 species)

Cinclodes – cincloides (15 species)

Aphrastura – rayaditos (2 species)

Sylviorthorhynchus – Des Murs's wiretail and tawny tit-spinetail (2 species)

Leptasthenura – tit-spinetails (9 species)

Phacellodomus – thornbirds (10 species)

Anumbius – firewood-gatherer

Coryphistera – lark-like brushrunner

Hellmayrea – white-browed spinetail

Asthenes – canasteros and thistletails (30 species)

Pseudasthenes – canasteros (4 species)

Synallaxis – spinetails (37 species)

Certhiaxis – spinetails (2 species)

Schoeniophylax – chotoy spinetail

Mazaria – white-bellied spinetail

Spartonoica – bay-capped wren-spinetail

Pseudoseisura – cacholotes (4 species)

Acrobatornis – pink-legged graveteiro

Metopothrix – orange-fronted plushcrown

Xenerpestes – greytails (2 species)

Siptornis – spectacled prickletail

* Cranioleuca gutturata – speckled spinetail

* Thripophaga fusciceps – plain softtail

Roraimia – Roraiman barbtail

* Thripophaga macroura (type) – striated softtail

Limnoctites – reedhaunters (2 species)

* Thripophaga – softtails (4 species)

* Cranioleuca (includes type) – spinetails (20 species)


Fossil record

Furnariids boast a notable fossil record for a passerine family. Numerous fossils comprising multiple skeletal elements, including cranial remains, have facilitated the identification and description of five distinct fossil species. Among these, two have been classified within the extant genera Cinclodes and Pseudoseisura , while the remaining three belong into the extinct genus Pseudoseisuropsis . All fossil are of Pleistocene age.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Woodcreeper</span> Subfamily of birds

The woodcreepers (Dendrocolaptinae) comprise a subfamily of suboscine passerine birds endemic to the Neotropics. They have traditionally been considered a distinct family Dendrocolaptidae, but most authorities now place them as a subfamily of the ovenbirds (Furnariidae). They superficially resemble the Old World treecreepers, but they are unrelated and the similarities are due to convergent evolution. The subfamily contains 63 species in 16 genera.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tyranni</span> Suborder of birds

The Tyranni (suboscines) are a suborder of passerine birds that includes more than 1,000 species, the large majority of which are South American. It is named after the type genus Tyrannus. These have a different anatomy of the syrinx musculature than the oscines, hence the common name of suboscines.

<i>Xenops</i> Genus of birds

Xenops is a genus in the bird family Furnariidae, the ovenbirds. The genus comprises four species of xenops, all of which are found in Mexico, Central America and South America, particularly in tropical rain forests.

<i>Synallaxis</i> Genus of birds

Synallaxis is a genus of birds in the ovenbird family, Furnariidae. It is one of the most diverse genera in the family and is composed of small birds that inhabit dense undergrowth across tropical and subtropical habitats in the Neotropical region. Some species show contrasting plumage patterns involving rufous crown and wing patches and black throat patches but they are difficult to see as they keep ensconced in vegetation most of the time. Most species show the long graduated tail with pointy feathers that is typical of spinetails. They are also characterized by constructing large domed nests with stick, including a long entrance tube. Some species can be difficult to distinguish from one another on the basis of their plumage, but can be told apart by their vocalizations, which can be quite distinctive.

<i>Automolus</i> Genus of birds

Automolus is a genus of bird in the ovenbird family Furnariidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Brown-rumped foliage-gleaner</span> Species of bird

The brown-rumped foliage-gleaner is a species of bird in the Furnariinae subfamily of the ovenbird family Furnariidae. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bolivian spinetail</span> Species of bird

The Bolivian spinetail is a Vulnerable species of bird in the Furnariinae subfamily of the ovenbird family Furnariidae. It is endemic to Bolivia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Red-shouldered spinetail</span> Species of bird

The red-shouldered spinetail is a species of bird in the Furnariinae subfamily of the ovenbird family Furnariidae. It is endemic to Brazil.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">White-browed spinetail</span> Species of bird

The white-browed spinetail is a species of bird in the Furnariinae subfamily of the ovenbird family Furnariidae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Henna-capped foliage-gleaner</span> Species of bird

The henna-capped foliage-gleaner or chestnut-capped foliage-gleaner is a species of bird in the Furnariinae subfamily of the ovenbird family Furnariidae. It is found in Brazil and Paraguay.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Curve-billed reedhaunter</span> Species of bird

The curve-billed reedhaunter is a species of bird in the Furnariinae subfamily of the ovenbird family Furnariidae. It is found in Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Planalto foliage-gleaner</span> Species of bird

The planalto foliage-gleaner, also known as the russet-mantled foliage-gleaner, is a species of bird in the Furnariinae subfamily of the ovenbird family Furnariidae. It is found in Brazil and Paraguay.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ochre-breasted foliage-gleaner</span> Species of bird

The ochre-breasted foliage-gleaner is a species of bird in the Furnariinae subfamily of the ovenbird family Furnariidae. It is found in Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Great spinetail</span> Species of bird

The great spinetail is a Near Threatened species of bird in the Furnariinae subfamily of the ovenbird family Furnariidae. It is endemic to Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cabanis's spinetail</span> Species of bird

Cabanis's spinetail is a species of bird in the Furnariinae subfamily of the ovenbird family Furnariidae. It is found in Brazil, Bolivia, and Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">McConnell's spinetail</span> Species of bird

McConnell's spinetail is a species of bird in the Furnariinae subfamily of the ovenbird family Furnariidae. It is found in Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dusky spinetail</span> Species of bird

The dusky spinetail is a species of bird in the Furnariinae subfamily of the ovenbird family Furnariidae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.

<i>Syndactyla</i> Genus of birds

Syndactyla is a genus of foliage-gleaners, birds in the ovenbird family Furnariidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Santa Marta foliage-gleaner</span> Species of bird

The Santa Marta foliage-gleaner is a Vulnerable species of bird in the Furnariinae subfamily of the ovenbird family Furnariidae. It is endemic to Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta in Colombia.

<i>Pseudasthenes</i> Genus of birds

Pseudasthenes is a genus of small suboscine passerine birds, commonly known as canasteros or false canasteros, in the ovenbird family. It was described in 2010 to accommodate four species split from the related genus Asthenes. The genus is endemic to South America

References

  1. ↑ Remsen, J. V., Jr. 2003. Family Furnariidae (ovenbirds). Pages 162–357 in J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott and D. A. Christie eds. Handbook of the birds of the world, Vol. 8, broadbills to tapaculos. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
  2. 1 2 Willis, Edwin O. (1991). Forshaw, Joseph (ed.). Encyclopaedia of Animals: Birds. London: Merehurst Press. pp. 162–163. ISBN   978-1-85391-186-6.
  3. ↑ Irestedt, Martin; Fjeldså, Jon; Johansson, Ulf S. & Ericson, Per G.P. (2002). "Systematic relationships and biogeography of the tracheophone suboscines (Aves: Passeriformes)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 23 (3): 499–512. doi:10.1016/S1055-7903(02)00034-9. PMID   12099801.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Moyle, R.G.; Chesser, R.T.; Brumfield, R.T.; Tello, J.G.; Marchese, D.J.; Cracraft, J. (2009). "Phylogeny and phylogenetic classification of the antbirds, ovenbirds, woodcreepers, and allies (Aves: Passeriformes: infraorder Furnariides)". Cladistics. 25 (4): 386–405. doi: 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2009.00259.x . PMID   34879609.
  5. ↑ Irestedt, Martin; Fjeldså, Jon; Johansson, Ulf S; Ericson, Per G.P (2002). "Systematic relationships and biogeography of the tracheophone suboscines (Aves: Passeriformes)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 23 (3): 499–512. doi:10.1016/s1055-7903(02)00034-9. PMID   12099801.
  6. ↑ Chesser, R.Terry (2004). "Molecular systematics of New World suboscine birds". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 32 (1): 11–24. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2003.11.015. PMID   15186793.
  7. 1 2 Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2023). "Ovenbirds, woodcreepers". IOC World Bird List Version 13.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 12 March 2023.
  8. ↑ Irestedt, Martin; Fjeldså, Jon; Ericson, Per G. P. (2004). "Phylogenetic Relationships of Woodcreepers (Aves: Dendrocolaptinae): Incongruence between Molecular and Morphological Data". Journal of Avian Biology. 35 (3): 280–288. doi:10.1111/j.0908-8857.2004.03234.x. ISSN   0908-8857. JSTOR   3677441.
  9. ↑ Irestedt, Martin; Fjeldså, Jon; Ericson, Per G. P. (2006). "Evolution of the ovenbird-woodcreeper assemblage (Aves: Furnariidae) - major shifts in nest architecture and adaptive radiation". Journal of Avian Biology. 37 (3): 260–272. doi:10.1111/j.2006.0908-8857.03612.x.
  10. ↑ Fjeldså, Jon; Irestedt, Martin; Ericson, Per G. P. (2004-09-14). "Molecular data reveal some major adaptational shifts in the early evolution of the most diverse avian family, the Furnariidae". Journal of Ornithology. 146 (1): 1–13. doi:10.1007/s10336-004-0054-5. ISSN   2193-7192. S2CID   11581358.
  11. 1 2 Harvey, M.G.; et al. (2020). "The evolution of a tropical biodiversity hotspot". Science. 370 (6522): 1343–1348. Bibcode:2020Sci...370.1343H. doi:10.1126/science.aaz6970. hdl: 10138/329703 . PMID   33303617. S2CID   228084618. A high resolution version of the phylogenetic tree in Figure 1 is available from the first author's website here.
  12. 1 2 Derryberry, E.P.; Claramunt, S.; Derryberry, G.; Chesser, R.T.; Cracraft, J.; Aleixo, A.; Pérez-Emán, J.; Remsen Jr, J.V.; Brumfield, R.T. (2011). "Lineage diversification and morphological evolution in a large-scale continental radiation: the Neotropical ovenbirds and woodcreepers (Aves: Furnariidae)". Evolution. 65 (10): 2973–2986. doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2011.01374.x . PMID   21967436.
  13. ↑ CHESSER, R. TERRY; CLARAMUNT, SANTIAGO; DERRYBERRY, ELIZABETH; BRUMFIELD, ROBB T. (2009-08-28). "Geocerthia, a new genus of terrestrial ovenbird (Aves: Passeriformes: Furnariidae)". Zootaxa. 2213 (1): 64–68. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2213.1.4. ISSN   1175-5334.
  14. ↑ DERRYBERRY, ELIZABETH; CLARAMUNT, SANTIAGO; O’QUIN, KELLY E.; ALEIXO, ALEXANDRE; CHESSER, R. TERRY; REMSEN JR., J. V.; BRUMFIELD, ROBB T. (2010-04-01). "Pseudasthenes, a new genus of ovenbird (Aves: Passeriformes: Furnariidae)". Zootaxa. 2416 (1): 61. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2416.1.4. ISSN   1175-5334.
  15. ↑ Claramunt, Santiago; Derryberry, Elizabeth P.; Cadena, Carlos Daniel; Cuervo, Andrés M.; Sanín, Camilo; Brumfield, Robb T. (2013). "Phylogeny and Classification of Automolus Foliage-gleaners and Allies (Furnariidae)". The Condor. 115 (2): 375–385. doi:10.1525/cond.2013.110198. S2CID   59375772.
  16. ↑ Irestedt, M.; J. Fjeldså & P. G. P. Ericson (2006). "Evolution of the ovenbird-woodcreeper assemblage (Aves: Furnariidae): major shifts in nest architecture and adaptive radiation". J. Avian Biol. 37 (3): 260–272. doi:10.1111/j.2006.0908-8857.03612.x.
  17. ↑ Chesser, R. T.; Barker, F. K. & Brumfield, R. T. (2007). "Fourfold polyphyly of the genus formerly known as Upucerthia, with notes on the systematics and evolution of the avian subfamily Furnariinae". Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 44 (3): 1320–1332. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2007.04.014. PMID   17632018.
  18. ↑ Derryberry, E.; S. Claramunt; R. T. Chesser; A. Aleixo; J. Cracraft; R. G. Moyle & R. T. Brumfield (2010). "Certhiasomus, a new genus of woodcreeper (Aves: Passeriformes: Dendrocolaptidae)" (PDF). Zootaxa. 2416: 44–50. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2416.1.2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-06-27. Retrieved 2013-03-29.
  19. ↑ Claramunt, S.; E. P. Derryberry; R. T. Chesser; A. Aleixo & R. T. Brumfield (2010). "Polyphyly of Campylorhamphus with the description of a new genus for C. pucherani". Auk. 127 (2): 430–439. doi: 10.1525/auk.2009.09022 . S2CID   85649129.
  20. ↑ The correct genus for former Xenops milleri
  21. ↑ Chesser, R. T. & R. T. Brumfield (2007). "Tarphonomus, a new genus of ovenbird (Aves: Passeriformes: Furnariidae) from South America". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 120 (3): 337–339. doi:10.2988/0006-324X(2007)120[337:TANGOO]2.0.CO;2. S2CID   84357123.
  22. ↑ Chesser, R. T.; S. Claramunt; E. P. Derryberry & R. T. Brumfield (2009). "Geocerthia, a new genus of terrestrial ovenbird (Aves: Passeriformes: Furnariidae)". Zootaxa. 2213: 64–68. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2213.1.4.
  23. ↑ Olson, S. L.; Irestedt, M.; Ericson, P. G. P. & Fjeldså, J. (2005). "Independent evolution of two Darwinian marsh-dwelling ovenbirds (Furnariidae: Limnornis, Limnoctites)" (PDF). Ornitologia Neotropical 16: 347–359. hdl:10088/1568.
  24. ↑ Claramunt, Santiago; Derryberry, Elizabeth P.; Cadena, Carlos Daniel; Cuervo, Andrés M.; Sanín, Camilo; Brumfield, Robb T. (2013). "Phylogeny and classification of Automolus foliage-gleaners and allies (Furnariidae)". The Condor. 115 (2): 375–385. doi:10.1525/cond.2013.110198. S2CID   59375772.
  25. ↑ Rozzi, Ricardo; Quilodrán, Claudio S.; Botero-Delgadillo, Esteban; Napolitano, Constanza; Torres-Mura, Juan C.; Barroso, Omar; Crego, Ramiro D.; Bravo, Camila; Ippi, Silvina; Quirici, Verónica; Mackenzie, Roy; Suazo, Cristián G.; Rivero-de-Aguilar, Juan; Goffinet, Bernard; Kempenaers, Bart; Poulin, Elie; Vásquez, Rodrigo A. (2022-08-26). "The Subantarctic Rayadito (Aphrastura subantarctica), a new bird species on the southernmost islands of the Americas". Scientific Reports. 12 (1). Springer: 13957. Bibcode:2022NatSR..1213957R. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-17985-4 . ISSN   2045-2322. PMC   9418250 . PMID   36028531.
  26. ↑ Derryberry, E.; S. Claramunt; K. E. O'Quin; A. Aleixo; R. T. Chesser; J. V. Remsen Jr. & R. T. Brumfield (2010). "Pseudasthenes, a new genus of ovenbird (Aves: Passeriformes: Furnariidae)" (PDF). Zootaxa. 2416: 61–68. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2416.1.4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-06-27.
  27. 1 2 Claramunt, Santiago (2014). "Phylogenetic relationships among Synallaxini spinetails (Aves: Furnariidae) reveal a new biogeographic pattern across the Amazon and Paraná river basins". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 78: 223–231. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.05.011. PMID   24867462.
  28. ↑ Noriega, J. I. (1991). "Un nuevo género de Furnariidae (Aves: Passeriformes) del Pleistoceno inferior-medio de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina". Ameghiniana. 28 (3–4): 317–323.
  29. ↑ Claramunt, Santiago; Rinderknecht, Andrés (2005). "A new fossil furnariid from the Pleistocene of Uruguay, with remarks on nasal type, cranial kinetics, and relationships of the extinct genus Pseudoseisuropsis". The Condor. 107 (1): 114. doi: 10.1650/7499 . ISSN   0010-5422. S2CID   85702253.
  30. ↑ Stefanini, M. Ignacio; Gómez, Raúl O.; Tambussi, Claudia P. (2016). "A new species of the Pleistocene furnariid Pseudoseisuropsis (Aves, Passeriformes)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 36 (3): e1100630. Bibcode:2016JVPal..36E0630S. doi:10.1080/02724634.2016.1100630. hdl: 11336/44149 . ISSN   0272-4634. S2CID   87281054.
  31. ↑ Toni, E. P. (1977). "Un furnárido (Aves, Passeriformes) del Pleistoceno medio de la Provincia de Buenos Aires". Publicaciones del Museo Municipal de Ciencias Naturales de Mar del Plata Lorenzo Scaglia. 2: 141–147.
  32. ↑ Toni, E. P.; Noriega, J. I. (2001). "Una especie extinta de Pseudoseisura Reichenbach 1853 (Passeriformes: Furnariidae) del Pleistoceno de la Argentina: comentarios filogenéticos". Ornitologia Neotropical. 12: 29–44.

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