Pavelka Farmstead

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Pavelka Farmstead
Pavelka farmstead house and cellar from SW.jpg
House and cellar entrance
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LocationSoutheast of Bladen, Nebraska
Coordinates 40°16′56″N98°32′22″W / 40.28222°N 98.53944°W / 40.28222; -98.53944 Coordinates: 40°16′56″N98°32′22″W / 40.28222°N 98.53944°W / 40.28222; -98.53944
NRHP reference No. 79001459
Added to NRHPApril 13, 1979

The Pavelka Farmstead, also known as the Antonia Farmstead, is a house located near Bladen in rural Webster County in south-central Nebraska, on land once owned and occupied by John and Anna Sadilek Pavelka. The farmstead provided a setting, and its occupants characters, for several of the works of author Willa Cather, [1] who grew up in Webster County. [2]

Contents

Sadílek and Cather

The family of Bohemian immigrants František and Antonie Sadílek arrived in Webster County in 1880; their daughter, Antonie (Annie), was twelve years old at that time. Three years later, the Cather family moved from Virginia to Nebraska, bringing their nine-year-old daughter Willa. [3] The Cathers initially settled with relatives on the Divide, a narrow region of flat-lying plains between the watersheds of the Big Blue River to the north and the Republican River to the south. [1] [4] A year later, they moved into the city of Red Cloud to the south. [4]

According to Willa Cather, she often saw Annie Sadílek during her youth. The wagon road from the Catherton precinct to Red Cloud passed near the Sadílek farm; and Annie later moved to Red Cloud, where she worked as a hired girl. [3]

The young Cather was intrigued by the immigrants who had settled in south-central Nebraska, and by the Czechs in particular. In a 1923 essay, she wrote

Many of our Czech immigrants were people of a very superior type. The political emigration resulting from the revolutionary disturbances of 1848 was distinctly different from the emigration resulting from economic causes, and brought to the United States brilliant young men from both Germany and Bohemia. [5]

In 1890, Cather graduated from Red Cloud High School and moved to Lincoln to enroll in the University of Nebraska. [4] In 1892, Annie Sadílek went west with a railroad employee. Shortly after, she returned to the family farm and bore her first child, a daughter named Lucille. In 1896, she married John Pavelka; the family subsequently grew to ten children, including Lucille, who took the name Pavelka. [3] [4] [6]

Pavelka farmstead

Pavelka farmstead, viewed from the south along county road 1100 Pavelka farmstead from SE 1.jpg
Pavelka farmstead, viewed from the south along county road 1100

In 1906, the Pavelkas bought a farm on the Divide, [3] in the northern part of a small region settled by Bohemians. [7] Soon thereafter, possibly in 1911, they bought a one-story two-room house, probably built in the late 19th century, which they moved from a nearby farm to their own. By 1915, they had constructed a 1+1⁄2-story addition on the south side, expanding the house to seven rooms. [3]

The house lies along the east side of a courtyard centered on the well, delimited by farm buildings and trees. A large barn with its associated fencing forms the west side. Smaller sheds and granaries lie along the north and south sides; there are shelterbelts on the south and the north, with the remains of an orchard in the north shelterbelt. [1] The principal entrance of the house opens into the courtyard rather than toward the road, in keeping with traditional Czech village construction. [3]

A brick-vaulted cellar, with its entrance southwest of the house, was constructed at some time after the house's expansion. [1]

Cuzak and Rosicky

Cather had remained in touch with her friends in Webster County, although she had moved from Nebraska to Pittsburgh and then to New York. In the fall of 1916, she paid an extended visit to Annie Pavelka. [8] By the end of that year, she had the idea for My Ántonia ; the book was completed by about the middle of 1918. [6] The characters of Ántonia Shimerda Cuzak and Anton Cuzak were based on Annie and John Pavelka; [9] the Pavelka place is described in the final chapter, "Cuzak's Boys", with a scene set in the cellar (in the novel, called the "fruit cave"). [1] [10]

The Pavelkas are also the models for Anton and Mary Rosicky in Cather's 1932 story "Neighbour Rosicky"; [9] and the Pavelka farmstead is the setting of the story. [1]

Later history

John Pavelka died in 1926; Anna Pavelka, in 1955. [11] At some time after both of them had died, probably in the 1950s, the house was remodelled: the porch was enclosed and given two external doors, and a south-facing gable window was raised. [3] Several of the sheds have undergone significant deterioration. [12]

In 1979, the property was listed in the National Register of Historic Places. [13] It is part of the Willa Cather State Historic Site, a collection of 26 individual sites and four historic districts in Webster County that are connected with Cather and her work. [14]

The house is owned by the Willa Cather Foundation and is the site of tours and educational programming. In 2020, renovation was undertaken to restore the home to its 1916 appearance.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">J. L. Miner House</span> United States historic place

The J. L. Miner House is a historic house in Red Cloud, Nebraska. It was built in 1878 by J. L. Miner and Hugh Miner. Author Willa Cather was friends with the Miners's children, and she took inspiration from them to write about the Harling family in her 1918 novel, My Ántonia. The house was designed in the Italianate architectural style. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since August 11, 1982.

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The Farmer's and Merchant's Bank Building, also known as the Garber Bank, is a historic building in Red Cloud, Nebraska. It was built in 1888-1889 by Seward Garber and John W. Moon. The bank's founding president was Silas Garber. Author Willa Cather took inspiration from the Garber family to write about Captain and Mrs Forrester in her 1923 novel, A Lost Lady. She also used the building as inspiration in her 1935 novel, Lucy Gayheart. It was designed in the Renaissance Revival architectural style. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since March 5, 1981.

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St. Julian Falconieri Catholic Church is the first Roman Catholic church in Red Cloud, Nebraska, built in 1883. Abandoned by parishioners in 1903, the church was turned into a residence in 1906 after the completion of a new catholic church. Its conversion to a home altered much of the original structure, which was restored by the Willa Cather Foundation after its donation to them in 1967. The church has historical significance due to its connection to the famous authoress, Willa Cather, especially because it was where Annie Sadilek Pavelka was married and her illegitimate child, baptized. Both the Willa Cather Foundation and the state of Nebraska have owned the church and, in fact, was operated cooperatively from 1994 to 2018. However, as part of the Willa Cather State Historic Sites, St. Juliana was returned to the foundation in 2019. Today, the church is available for tours and, as part of the Willa Cather Thematic Group, listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1981.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Billesbach, Ann and D. Murphy. "National Register of Historic Places Inventory--Nomination Form: Pavelka Farmstead". [Usurped!] Nebraska State Historical Society. [Usurped!] Retrieved 2011-09-09.
  2. ↑ "Willa Cather Properties in Webster County, Nebraska". National Register of Historic Places: Women's History Month, March 2001. Retrieved 2011-09-09.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Murphy, David. "Jejich Antonie: Czechs, The Land, Cather, and The Pavelka Farmstead". Great Plains Quarterly, vol. 14 (Spring 1994), pp. 85-106. Retrieved 2011-09-09.
  4. 1 2 3 4 "Willa Cather Timeline". Willa Cather Foundation. Retrieved 2011-09-09.
  5. ↑ Cather, Willa. "Nebraska: The End of the First Cycle". Originally published in The Nation, 1923; reproduced in Roundup: A Nebraska Reader, ed. by Virginia Faulkner, University of Nebraska Press, 1957; pp. 1-8.
  6. 1 2 Woodress, James. "Historical Essay". My Ántonia: The Willa Cather Scholarly Edition. University of Nebraska Press, 1994. Retrieved 2011-09-09.
  7. ↑ "Pavelka Farmstead". [Usurped!] Nebraska State Historical Society. [Usurped!] Retrieved 2011-09-09.
  8. ↑ "Willa Cather and the writing of My Antonia (1916-1918)". Retrieved 2011-09-09.
  9. 1 2 "Country Tour". Willa Cather Foundation. Retrieved 2011-09-09.
  10. ↑ Cather, Willa. "Cuzak's Boys"; Book 5 of My Ántonia; pp. 380-382. Retrieved 2011-09-09.
  11. ↑ "Cloverton Cemetery - Webster County, Nebraska". Retrieved 2011-09-09.
  12. ↑ See, for example, this photo of one of the sheds on the south side of the courtyard.
  13. ↑ "Nebraska National Register Sites in Webster County". [Usurped!] Nebraska State Historical Society. [Usurped!] Retrieved 2011-09-09.
  14. ↑ Murphy, D., Ann Billesbach, and Joni Lidolph Gilkerson. "National Register of Historic Places Inventory--Nomination Form: Willa Cather Thematic Group". [Usurped!] Nebraska State Historical Society. [Usurped!] Retrieved 2011-09-09.
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