Poulton | |
---|---|
Kitchen garden in Poulton | |
Location within Cheshire | |
Population | 92 (2001) |
OS grid reference | SJ3959 |
Civil parish | |
Unitary authority | |
Ceremonial county | |
Region | |
Country | England |
Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
Post town | CHESTER |
Postcode district | CH4 |
Dialling code | 01244 |
Police | Cheshire |
Fire | Cheshire |
Ambulance | North West |
UK Parliament | |
Poulton is a settlement and former civil parish, now in the parish of Poulton and Pulford, in the Cheshire West and Chester, in the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. In 2001 census the parish had a recorded population of 92. [2]
Since 1995, significant archaeological activity has been conducted in the area, first by the University of Liverpool and later by the independent group known as the Poulton Research Project. [3]
Archaeological research has established there has been human habitation in the area since the Mesolithic period (8,000 B.C.). In the Sub-Roman Britain period, Iron Age roundhouse ditches, Briquetage and animal bones have also been found suggesting the area was once an important site for the processing and preserving of meat for trading. [4] Roman finds include ditches, domestic ceramics and building materials relating to the Legio XX Valeria Victrix that was garrisoned at the nearby legionary fortress of Deva Victrix (Chester).
During the medieval period, Poulton Chapel was an important monastic site that was founded by the Cistercian monks of Poulton Abbey in the mid 12th century. Although it is believed to have been a substantial site, only a small amount of ground level masonry survives.
Until 1919 the village was part of the Grosvenor Estate administered from nearby Eaton Hall. Several of the buildings in the former parish were commissed by Hugh Grosvenor, 1st Duke of Westminster, and designed by Douglas and Fordham, a well-known Cheshire architects' practice. [5] [6]
In 1870–72, John Marius Wilson described the settlement in the Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales as:
POULTON, a township in Pulford parish, Cheshire; on an affluent of the river Dee, 4¼ miles S of Chester. Acres, 1, 391. Real property, £1, 723. Pop., 132. Houses, 22. A Cistertian abbey was founded here, in 1153, by Robert Pincerna; and was removed, in 1220, to Dieulacres in Staffordshire.
During the Second World War, the RAF established RAF Poulton to the northwest of the settlement. The base was used to train pilots flying Hawker Hurricanes. Much of wartime airfield's runway, perimeter track, and aircraft hardstandings remain.
Poulton was formerly a township in the parish of Pulford, [7] in 1866 Poulton became a civil parish, [8] on 1 April 2015 the parish was abolished and merged with Pulford to form "Poulton and Pulford". [9] [10]
Hugh Lupus Grosvenor, 1st Duke of Westminster,, styled Viscount Belgrave between 1831 and 1845, Earl Grosvenor between 1845 and 1869, and known as The Marquess of Westminster between 1869 and 1874, was an English landowner, politician and racehorse owner. He inherited the estate of Eaton Hall in Cheshire and land in Mayfair and Belgravia, London, and spent much of his fortune in developing these properties. Although he was a MP from the age of 22, and then a member of the House of Lords, his main interests were not in politics, but rather in his estates, in horse racing, and in country pursuits. He developed the stud at Eaton Hall and achieved success in racing his horses, winning the Derby on four occasions.
Eastgate is a permanently open gate through the Chester city walls, on the site of the original entrance to the Roman fortress of Deva Victrix in Chester, Cheshire, England. It is a prominent landmark in the city of Chester and the Eastgate clock on top of it is said to be the most photographed clock in England after Big Ben.
Boughton is a neighbourhood to the east of Chester city centre, part of the unitary authority of Cheshire West and Chester and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It is located atop the steep banks of the River Dee as it turns the meadows bend for the last time around the 'Earls Eye' before flowing into Chester.
Allostock is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire West and Chester and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England, about five miles south of Knutsford and 20 miles south of Manchester. Allostock was formerly in the borough of Vale Royal until it was abolished on 1 April 2009 to form Cheshire West and Chester. Allostock is located on an affluent of the river Weaver. It had a population of 816 according to the 2011 census data as well as 325 households.
Eccleston is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Eaton and Eccleston, in the borough of Cheshire West and Chester, in the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. The village is approximately 2.7 miles (4.3 km) to the south of the city of Chester, near to the River Dee. The village is situated on the estate of the Duke of Westminster who maintains his ancestral home at nearby Eaton Hall.
Saighton is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Aldford and Saighton, in the unitary authority area of Cheshire West and Chester and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England, a few miles south of Chester. The 2011 Census recorded a population for the parish of 202. Much of the surrounding land is owned by the Duke of Westminster.
John Douglas was an English architect who designed over 500 buildings in Cheshire, North Wales, and northwest England, in particular in the estate of Eaton Hall. He was trained in Lancaster and practised throughout his career from an office in Chester. Initially he ran the practice on his own, but from 1884 until two years before his death he worked in partnerships with two of his former assistants.
Pulford is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Poulton and Pulford, in the unitary authority of Cheshire West and Chester and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It is on the B5445 road, to the south west of Chester and on the border with Wales. The civil parish, which included the hamlet of Cuckoo's Nest, was abolished on 1 April 2015 and merged with Poulton to form "Poulton and Pulford".
St Mary's Church is in the village of Eccleston, Cheshire, England, on the estate of the Duke of Westminster south of Chester. The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building. It is an active Anglican parish church in the diocese of Chester, the archdeaconry of Chester and the deanery of Chester. Its benefice is combined with that of St Mary, Pulford. The Dukes of Westminster are buried in the adjacent Old Churchyard.
St John the Baptist's Church is the former cathedral of Chester, Cheshire, England during the Early Middle Ages. The church, which was first founded in the late 7th Century by the Anglo Saxons, is outside Chester's city walls on a cliff above the north bank of the River Dee. It is now considered to be the best example of 11th–12th century church architecture in Cheshire, and was once the seat of the Bishop of Lichfield from 1075 to 1095.
St Mary's Church is in the village of Pulford, Cheshire, England. The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building. It is an active Anglican parish church in the diocese of Chester, the archdeaconry of Chester and the deanery of Chester. Its benefice is combined with that of St Mary, Eccleston.
6–11 Grosvenor Park Road is a terrace of houses in Chester, Cheshire, England. The building is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building. It was designed by the Chester architect John Douglas, and the architectural historian Nikolaus Pevsner describes it as "a brilliant group of brick houses".
Green Paddocks is a house in Pulford, Cheshire, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.
Saighton Grange originated as a monastic grange. It was later converted into a country house and, as of 2013, the building is used as a school. It is located in Saighton, Cheshire, England. The only surviving part of the monastic grange is the gatehouse, which is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building, and is one of only two surviving monastic manorial buildings in Cheshire, the other being Ince Manor. The rest of the building is listed at Grade II, as is its chapel.
Poulton Abbey was a Cistercian medieval monastic house in Poulton, Cheshire, England, which was founded between 1153 and 1158, and moved in 1214 to a site near Leek, Staffordshire, where it became Dieulacres Abbey. The original site became a grange estate of the abbey, and the chapel at the site was used as a one-room local church. In 1487 the abbey leased the estate to the prominent Manley family and the chapel was expanded to include a nave, chancel, and tower for use as its private chapel. By the 16th century all abbey buildings had been lost, though the site of the chapel was noted on a 17th-century estate map and later on the first Ordnance Survey map (1823).
Dodleston is a civil parish in Cheshire West and Chester, England. It contains 13 listed buildings that are included in the National Heritage List for England and designated by English Heritage at Grade II. This grade is the lowest of the three gradings given to listed buildings and is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest". Apart from the village of Dodleston, the parish is rural. The village is part of the Eaton estate of the Grosvenor family. The listed buildings in the parish are mainly domestic or related to farming, and some of them were commissioned by members of the Grosvenor family.
Poulton is a former civil parish, now in the parish of Poulton and Pulford, in Cheshire West and Chester, England. It contains seven listed buildings, all of which are designated by English Heritage at Grade II, and included in the National Heritage List for England. This grade is the lowest of the three gradings given to listed buildings and is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest". The parish is entirely rural, and forms part of the estate of the Dukes of Westminster. The listed buildings are all domestic, consisting of houses and a lodge.
Pulford is a former civil parish, now in the parish of Poulton and Pulford, in Cheshire West and Chester, England. It contains 15 buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as designated listed buildings. Of these, one is listed at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II. The parish is within the estate of Eaton Hall, the country seat of the Dukes of Westminster and, apart from the village of Pulford, is rural. The listed buildings are mainly estate buildings and a church, the later buildings being designed by the Chester architect John Douglas, alone or with his partners.
Poulton Chapel is a ruined mediaeval chapel in the hamlet of Poulton, Cheshire, England, close to the modern border with Wales.
Eaton is a former civil parish, now in the parishes of Eaton and Eccleston and Poulton and Pulford, within the borough of Cheshire West and Chester and the ceremonial county of Cheshire in England. It had a population of 51 in 2001.
The Grosvenor family, who owned much of Pulford and Poulton into the early 20th century, are said to have left a legacy of many fine buildings throughout the area designed by John Douglas.
Media related to Poulton at Wikimedia Commons