Ranthambore Fort

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Ranthambore Fort
Ranthambhore Fort.jpg
Ranthambore Fort in Sawai Madhopur, Rajasthan, India
Type Fortress
Location Sawai Madhopur, Rajasthan, India
Coordinates 26°1′13″N76°27′18″E / 26.02028°N 76.45500°E / 26.02028; 76.45500
Area102 ha (0.39 sq mi)
Built10th Century CE
TypeCultural
CriteriaCultural: (ii)(iii)
Designated2013 (37th session)
Part of Hill Forts of Rajasthan
Reference no.247
ID247rev-003
RegionAsia and the Pacific
Buffer Zone372 ha (1.44 sq mi)
India Rajasthan location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Location of Ranthambore Fort in Rajasthan
India location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Ranthambore Fort (India)

Ranthambore Fort lies within the Ranthambore National Park, near the city of Sawai Madhopur in Sawai Madhopur district of Rajasthan, India. the park being the former hunting grounds of the Maharajahs of Jaipur until the time of India's Independence. It is a formidable fort having been a focal point of the historical developments of Rajasthan. The fort was constructed by Nagil Jat ruler Raja Sajraj Singh Nagil and later captured by several Rajput dynasties including Hada and Mewar and then the Delhi Sultanate captured it for a brief time. The fort provides a panoramic view of the surrounding Ranthambore National Park and is now a popular tourist attraction. [1]

Contents

The fortress of Ranthambore was constructed by Raja Sajraj Nagil a Jat Ruler . The fortress commanded a strategic location, 700 feet above the surrounding plain. [2] [3] [4] In 2013, at the 37th session of the World Heritage Committee held in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, Ranthambore Fort, along with 5 other forts of Rajasthan, was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site under the group Hill Forts of Rajasthan. [5]

History

Under Chauhans Rajputs

Its earlier name was Ranastambhapura (Sanskrit: Raṇa-sthaṃba-pura, "City of the Battle Post"). [6] It was associated with Jainism during the reign of Prithviraja I of Chahamana (Chauhan) dynasty in the 12th century. Siddhasenasuri, who lived in the 12th century has included this place in the list of holy Jain tirthas. In the Mughal period, a temple of Mallinatha was built in the fort. [7]

After the defeat of Prithviraja III (Prithviraj Chauhan) in 1192 CE, the fort came under the control of the Muslim Ghurid ruler Muhammad of Ghor. [8]

The Delhi Sultan Iltutmish captured Ranthambore in 1226, but the Chauhans re-captured it after his death in 1236. The armies of Sultan Nasiruddin Mahmud, led by the future Sultan Balban, unsuccessfully besieged the fortress in 1248 and 1253, but captured from Jaitrasingh Chauhan in 1259. Shakti Dev succeeded Jaitrasingh in 1283, and recaptured Ranthambore and enlarged the kingdom. Sultan Jalal ud din Firuz Khalji briefly besieged the fort in 1290-91 but was unsuccessful in capturing it. In 1299, Hammiradeva sheltered Muhammad Shah, a rebel general of Sultan Ala ud din Khalji, and refused to turn him over to the Sultan. The Sultan besieged and conquered the fort in 1301.

Rana Hamir leaving Ranthamore Fort for Battle, Kangra school watercolor, Tokyo National Museum Rana Hamir leaving Ranthamore Fort for Battle, Kangra school watercolor, Tokyo National Museum.JPG
Rana Hamir leaving Ranthamore Fort for Battle, Kangra school watercolor, Tokyo National Museum

Under Mewar

The fortress was captured by various kings of Mewar. Ranthambore was under the direct rule of Rana Hamir Singh (1326–1364), Rana Kumbha (1433–1468) and Rana Sanga (1508–1528). [9] [10] [11]

Under Hadas

Akbar's entry into the fort of Ranthambore, 1569, Akbarnama 1569-Akbar's entry into the fort of Ranthambhor.jpg
Akbar's entry into the fort of Ranthambore, 1569, Akbarnama

During Rana Udai Singh I's reign (1468–1473) the fortress passed to the Hada Rajputs of Bundi. Sultan Bahadur Shah of Gujarat briefly captured the fortress from 1532 to 1535. The Mughal Emperor Akbar captured the fortress in Siege of Ranthambore (1568) from Hadas.[ citation needed ]

Under Jaipur

The fortress passed to the Kachwaha Maharajas of Jaipur in the 17th century, and it remained part of Jaipur state until Indian Independence. The area surrounding the fortress became a hunting ground for the Maharajas of Jaipur. Jaipur state acceded to India in 1949, becoming part of the state of Rajasthan in 1950.

Temples

Inside Ranthambore fort, there are three Hindu temples dedicated to Ganesha (Trinetra Ganesha), Shiva and Ramlalaji constructed in 12th and 13th centuries from red Karauli stone. The Ganesha temple is particularly famous and attracts thousands of visitors every Wednesday. There is also a Jain temple of Lord Sumatinath (5th Jain Tirthankar) and Lord Sambhavanath.

Nearby attractions

Most of the attractions listed below is not open to the public since it falls under the Project Tiger Protected Area. It can be viewed from vehicles authorized and booked for wildlife safaris only. It is also accessible to people descended from the villagers that were relocated outside the park.

Water gateways
  1. Kachida Valley
  2. Surwal Lake
  3. Sitla Mata
Picnic sports
  1. Malik Talao
Wild life
  1. Bakula
  2. Lakarda And Anantpura
  3. Rajbagh Talao
  4. Ranthambore National Park
Historical places
  1. Jogi Mahal
  2. Padam Talao
  3. Raj Bagh Ruins
  4. Ranthambhore Fort
  5. Ranthambhore School Of Art
  6. Ganesha temple
  7. Jain Temple

See also

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References

  1. ↑ Anil K., Tiwari (12 December 2023). "Ranthamhor Fort | Archaeological Survey of India Jaipur Circle". Archeological Survey of India. Retrieved 6 April 2024.
  2. ↑ R.P.Meena (25 January 2019). RPSC RAS Mains 2019 Practice Solved Test Paper. R P Meena.
  3. ↑ Adhikari, Subhrashis (20 April 2016). The Journey of Survivors: 70,000-Year History of Indian Sub-Continent. Partridge Publishing. ISBN   978-1-4828-7334-4.
  4. ↑ Team, YCT Expert. Mechanical Engineering. Youth Competition Times.
  5. ↑ "UNESCO World Heritage". Archived from the original on 28 February 2018. Retrieved 27 February 2018.
  6. ↑ Aditya Malik (2021). Hammīra: Chapters in Imagination, Time, History. Religion and Society. Vol. 83. De Gruyter. p. 19. ISBN   978-3-11-065959-7.
  7. ↑ Singh, Narendra (1 January 2001). Encyclopaedia of Jainism. Vol. 1. Anmol Publications / Indo-European Jain Research Foundation. p. 5538. ISBN   978-81-261-0691-2.[ permanent dead link ]
  8. ↑ Dasharatha Sharma (1959). Early Chauhān Dynasties. S. Chand / Motilal Banarsidass. p. 102. ISBN   9780842606189. Archived from the original on 3 July 2023. Retrieved 6 October 2016.
  9. ↑ Khan, Iqtidar Alam (25 April 2008). Historical Dictionary of Medieval India By Iqtidar Alam Khan pg 126. Scarecrow Press. ISBN   978-0-8108-6401-6. Archived from the original on 14 August 2023. Retrieved 14 March 2023.
  10. ↑ IA, Vol. XLII, pp. 57-64
  11. ↑ Mishra, Shyam Manohar (1977). Yasovarman of Kanau, p.123. Archived from the original on 29 May 2022. Retrieved 25 September 2012.
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