Scottish football clubs in international competitions

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Scottish football clubs have participated in European association football competitions since 1955, when Hibernian entered the inaugural European Cup.

Contents

Scottish sides have won four UEFA competitions between them, with Celtic becoming the first side from the British Isles to be European champions by winning the 1966–67 European Cup. Rangers (in 1972) and Aberdeen (in 1983) both won the Cup Winners' Cup before its abolition, with Aberdeen going on to become the only Scottish side to win the European Super Cup in the same year as their Cup Winners' Cup triumph.

The most recent appearance by a Scottish club in a European final was the 2022 UEFA Europa League final, when Rangers lost on penalties to German club Eintracht Frankfurt.

A number of non-top flight sides have represented Scotland in European competition, including Gretna and Queen of the South, via their performance in domestic cup competitions. The most recent side from outside the top level of Scottish football to play in European football was Hibernian in 201617.

Scottish clubs have never faced off in European tournaments at any stage; the closest this came to occurring was in the 1965–66 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup when Hearts lost a playoff to Zaragoza with Dunfermline already drawn to meet the winners in the next round, [1] and in the same competition two years later when, knowing Dundee would be the next opponent, Rangers were eliminated by eventual winners Leeds United. [2]

Qualification

The 2022–23 criteria for Scottish clubs to qualify for European competition are: [3]

CompetitionWho qualifies
UEFA Champions League group stage1st in Scottish Premiership
UEFA Champions League third qualifying round2nd in Scottish Premiership
UEFA Europa League play off round Scottish Cup winners
UEFA Europa Conference League third qualifying round3rd in Scottish Premiership
UEFA Europa Conference League second qualifying round4th in Scottish Premiership

If the Scottish Cup winners have already qualified for European football, then 3rd and 4th in the Scottish Premiership move up to take their place and 5th in the Scottish Premiership also qualifies.

UEFA Coefficient

YearPositionCoefficient [4]
2000Increase2.svg 15thIncrease2.svg 20.500
2001Decrease2.svg 16thIncrease2.svg 22.625
2002Increase2.svg 12thIncrease2.svg 26.125
2003Increase2.svg 9thIncrease2.svg 30.375
2004Decrease2.svg 11thIncrease2.svg 32.125
2005Increase2.svg 10thDecrease2.svg 31.750
2006Decrease2.svg 11thDecrease2.svg 30.375
2007Increase2.svg 10thIncrease2.svg 30.500
2008Steady2.svg 10thIncrease2.svg 33.375
2009Decrease2.svg 13thDecrease2.svg 27.875
2010Decrease2.svg 16thDecrease2.svg 25.791
2011Increase2.svg 15thDecrease2.svg 25.141
2012Decrease2.svg 18thDecrease2.svg 21.141
2013Decrease2.svg 24thDecrease2.svg 15.191
2014Increase2.svg 23rdIncrease2.svg 16.566
2015Steady2.svg 23rdIncrease2.svg 17.725
2016Decrease2.svg 25thDecrease2.svg 17.300
2017Increase2.svg 23rdIncrease2.svg 18.925
2018Decrease2.svg 26thDecrease2.svg 18.625
2019Increase2.svg 20thIncrease2.svg 22.125
2020Increase2.svg 14thIncrease2.svg 27.825
2021Increase2.svg 11thIncrease2.svg 33.375
2022Increase2.svg 9thIncrease2.svg 36.900
2023Steady2.svg 9thDecrease2.svg 36.400*

* Season in progress

Finals

Scottish clubs have competed in all three major European finals – twice in the European Cup, four times in the UEFA Cup / UEFA Europa League and four times in the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup. [5]

European Cup / Champions League

YearClubOpponentResult
1966–67 Flag of Scotland.svg Celtic Flag of Italy.svg Inter Milan 2–1 (N) [6]
1969–70 Flag of Scotland.svg Celtic Flag of the Netherlands.svg Feyenoord 1–2 ( a.e.t. ) (N) [7]

UEFA Cup / Europa League

YearClubOpponent1st2ndAgg
1986–87 Flag of Scotland.svg Dundee United Flag of Sweden.svg IFK Göteborg 0–1 (A)1–1 (H) 1–2 [8]
2002–03 Flag of Scotland.svg Celtic Flag of Portugal.svg Porto 2–3 ( a.e.t. ) (N) [9]
2007–08 Flag of Scotland.svg Rangers Flag of Russia.svg Zenit Saint Petersburg 0–2 (N) [10]
2021–22 Flag of Scotland.svg Rangers Flag of Germany.svg Eintracht Frankfurt 1–1 ( a.e.t. ) (4–5 p) (N) [11]

Cup Winners' Cup

YearClubOpponent1st2ndAgg
1960–61 Flag of Scotland.svg Rangers Flag of Italy.svg Fiorentina 0–2 (H)1–2 (A) 1–4 [12]
1966–67 Flag of Scotland.svg Rangers Flag of Germany.svg Bayern Munich 0–1 ( a.e.t. ) (N) [13]
1971–72 Flag of Scotland.svg Rangers Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Dynamo Moscow 3–2 (N) [14]
1982–83 Flag of Scotland.svg Aberdeen Flag of Spain.svg Real Madrid 2–1 ( a.e.t. ) (N) [15]

Finals at Hampden

Six European club finals not involving native clubs have taken place in Scotland; all were held at Hampden Park, and all were won by either a Spanish or a German club. [16] The first, the 1960 European Cup Final, drew the highest ever attendance (127,621) to a UEFA competition final and is also the highest scoring, with Real Madrid running up a 7–3 victory over Eintracht Frankfurt. [17]

Scottish teams were eliminated at the semi-final stage in 1960 (Rangers) and 1966 (Celtic), and on both occasions the Scottish club involved went on to reach the final of a different European competition the following year. Hampden's two finals in the 2000s were also each followed by a Scottish team reaching a European final the next season after even longer waits: a hiatus of 26 years between Scotland hosting such events ended with the 2002 Champions League Final, before Celtic played in the 2003 UEFA Cup final 33 years after their previous showpiece appearance, [18] while the 2007 UEFA Cup final in Glasgow immediately preceded Rangers' appearance in the same tournament in 2008, having waited 36 years since their last final. [19] A similar situation occurred in the early 2020s: the UEFA Euro 2020 international tournament, including four matches at Hampden, was delayed for a year and played in 2021. [20] In the season after that, Rangers reached the 2022 UEFA Europa League Final. [11]

European finals held in Scotland
CompetitionWinnersScoreRunners-upAttendance
1959–60 European Cup Flag of Spain (1945-1977).svg Real Madrid 7–3 Flag of Germany.svg Eintracht Frankfurt 127,621
1961–62 European Cup Winners' Cup Flag of Spain (1945-1977).svg Atlético Madrid 1–1 [lower-alpha 1] Flag of Italy.svg Fiorentina 29,066
1965–66 European Cup Winners' Cup Flag of Germany.svg Borussia Dortmund 2–1 [lower-alpha 2] Flag of England.svg Liverpool 41,657
1975–76 European Cup Flag of Germany.svg Bayern Munich 1–0 Flag of France.svg Saint-Étienne 54,864
2001–02 UEFA Champions League Flag of Spain.svg Real Madrid 2–1 Flag of Germany.svg Bayer Leverkusen 50,499
2006–07 UEFA Cup Flag of Spain.svg Sevilla 2–2 [lower-alpha 3] Flag of Spain.svg Espanyol 47,602
  1. Score was 1–1 after extra time, Atlético Madrid won 3–0 in a replay at Neckarstadion, Stuttgart
  2. Score was 1–1 after 90 minutes, Borussia Dortmund won after extra time.
  3. Score was 1–1 after 90 minutes, Sevilla won 3–1 on penalties after extra time

Full European record

European Cup/Champions League

European Cup era
Clubs '56 '57 '58 '59 '60 '61 '62 '63 '64 '65 '66 '67 '68 '69 '70 '71 '72 '73 '74 '75 '76 '77 '78 '79 '80 '81 '82 '83 '84 '85 '86 '87 '88 '89 '90 '91 '92 Total
Celtic WR1QFRUQFSFR2SFR1R2QFR1R2R2R215
Rangers R1R1SFQFQRQFR2R1QFQFR1R2R113
Aberdeen R2R1QF3
Heart of Midlothian PRPR2
Dundee SF1
Dundee United SF1
Hibernian SF1
Kilmarnock R11
Champions League era
Clubs '93 '94 '95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 '08 '09 '10 '11 '12 '13 '14 '15 '16 '17 '18 '19 '20 '21 '22 '23 '24 Total
Celtic Q2GSQ3GSGSQ2R16R16GSPOQ3R16GSPOPOGSGSQ3Q3Q2Q2GSGS23
Rangers GSR1QRGSGSQ2GSGSQ3GSQ3R16GSQ2GSGSQ3Q3GSPO20
Heart of Midlothian Q31
Motherwell Q31

UEFA Cup/Europa League

UEFA Cup era
Club '72 '73 '74 '75 '76 '77 '78 '79 '80 '81 '82 '83 '84 '85 '86 '87 '88 '89 '90 '91 '92 '93 '94 '95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 '08 '09 Total
Aberdeen R2R1R2R1R1R1R3R2R1R1R1QRR2QRR1R3216
Dundee United R2R1R1R2R2QFQFR3R3RUR2R2R2R1Q2Q216
Celtic R1R3R1R2R2R2R2R1R2R2R2R3RUQF14
Rangers R2R2R1R3R2R1R3R3R3R4R1GSR4RU14
Heart of Midlothian R1R1QFR2R2R1R1R2GSR110
Hibernian R2R2R1R2R2R2R1R1R19
Dundee R3R1R1R14
Kilmarnock Q2R1R13
Motherwell R1PRR13
St Mirren R2R1R23
Dunfermline Q2Q22
St Johnstone R3R12
Gretna Q21
Livingston R11
Partick Thistle R11
Queen of the South Q21
Raith Rovers R21
Europa League era
Club '10 '11 '12 '13 '14 '15 '16 '17 '18 '19 '20 '21 '22 '23 '24 Total
Celtic GSPOGSR32GSR32R32R32GSGS10
Aberdeen Q3Q3Q3Q3Q3Q2Q3Q3PO9
Rangers R16POQ1GSR16R16RUR168
Motherwell Q3POPOQ3Q2Q36
St Johnstone Q2Q3Q3Q1Q1Q36
Heart of Midlothian POPOPOQ2PO5
Hibernian Q3Q2Q2Q34
Dundee United POQ2Q33
Falkirk Q21
Inverness Caledonian Thistle Q21
Kilmarnock Q11

Europa Conference League

Europa Conference League
Club '22 '23 '24 Total
Celtic R321
Hibernian Q3PO2
Aberdeen POGS2
Motherwell Q21
Dundee United Q31
Heart of Midlothian GSPO2

Intertoto Cup

Between 1995 and 2008, UEFA ran the Intertoto Cup, a summer competition for sides that had not qualified for the other European competitions with the sides progressing the furthest qualifying for the UEFA Cup (it had operated independently since the 1960s, but no clubs from Scotland – among other nations – took part in that era). Scottish clubs were only involved five times, with Hibernian being the closest side to qualify for the UEFA Cup through this tournament, losing on away goals in the 2006 edition. The competition was abolished in 2008, with sides who would have entered the competition entering the UEFA Europa League instead.

Club '95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 '08 Total
Hibernian R2R3R23
Dundee R11
Partick Thistle GS1

Cup Winners' Cup

A single Scottish club was entered into the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup throughout its history – usually the winners of the Scottish Cup. In years in which the Scottish Cup holders had already qualified for the European Cup or Champions League, the other finalist would be entered in their place. For the 1983–84 edition, two Scottish sides were entered – Rangers as Scottish Cup runners-up and Aberdeen as the holders of the competition (and the Scottish Cup). The Cup Winners' Cup was merged with the UEFA Cup in 1999.

Club '61 '62 '63 '64 '65 '66 '67 '68 '69 '70 '71 '72 '73 '74 '75 '76 '77 '78 '79 '80 '81 '82 '83 '84 '85 '86 '87 '88 '89 '90 '91 '92 '93 '94 '95 '96 '97 '98 '99 Total
Rangers RUR1RUR2WR2R1R2R1R210
Aberdeen R2R1R2WSFR1R2R28
Celtic SFSFQFR1R2R1R1R28
Dundee United R2R2R13
Heart of Midlothian R2QRR13
Dunfermline Athletic QFSF2
Airdrieonians R11
Dundee R21
Hibernian QF1
Kilmarnock R11
Motherwell R11
St Mirren R21

Super Cup

Only two Scottish clubs have competed in the UEFA Super Cup since its creation, with Rangers and Aberdeen both competing as winners of the Cup Winners' Cup.

YearClubOpponent1st2ndAgg.
1972 Flag of Scotland.svg Rangers Flag of the Netherlands.svg Ajax 1–3 (H)2–3 (A)3–6 [lower-alpha 1]
1983 Flag of Scotland.svg Aberdeen Flag of Germany.svg Hamburger SV 0–0 (A)2–0 (H)2–0
  1. The 1972 final is not recognised by UEFA as an official title [21]

Final appearance by competition

CompetitionWinnersRunners-upTotal
European Cup / UEFA Champions League 112
UEFA Cup Winners' Cup 224
UEFA Cup / UEFA Europa League 044
UEFA Super Cup 112
Total4812

Inter-Cities Fairs Cup

The Inter-Cities Fairs Cup, set up to promote international trade fairs, was played between 1955 and 1971, although no Scottish teams entered until the 1960–61 edition which was the first to be completed over a single season. The competition was initially only open to teams from cities that hosted trade fairs and where these teams finished in their national league had no relevance, therefore the number of entrants varied each year, and at times was restricted to one per city (Clyde were denied entry to the 1967–68 competition when they finished in 3rd place in the Scottish League, as Rangers finished above them and were given the single Fairs Cup place for Glasgow; the Bully Wee never played in Europe). [22] After 1968, it was sometimes referred to as the Runners-up Cup, with teams now qualifying based on league position. In 1971, it came under the auspices of UEFA and was replaced by the UEFA Cup. [23] UEFA does not consider clubs' records in the Fairs Cup to be part of their European record; [23] [24] however, FIFA does view the competition as a major honour.

No Scottish team reached the final of the Fairs Cup, although four different clubs reached the semi-finals, including Kilmarnock in 1966–67, the same season as Celtic and Rangers both reached the finals of the other continental tournaments and Scotland defeated England at Wembley. [25] [26] It was Leeds United who ended Kilmarnock's dream, and in the following 1967–68 edition, the Yorkshire club eliminated three Scottish teams in successive rounds on their way to winning the cup – Hibernian in Round Three (2–1 on aggregate), Rangers in the quarter-final (2–0) and Dundee in the semi-final (2–1). [22] The next year, Rangers made the semi-final but again were eliminated by an English opponent who went on to lift the trophy, this time Newcastle United. [27]

Club '58 '60 '61 '62 '63 '64 '65 '66 '67 '68 '69 '70 '71 Total
Hibernian SFR2QFR1R3R3R37
Kilmarnock R2SFR3R14
Dunfermline Athletic R2R3R2R34
Rangers QFSFR13
Dundee United R3R1R23
Heart of Midlothian R2R1R33
Celtic R1R22
Dundee SF1
Partick Thistle R21
Aberdeen R21
Morton R11

Overall club record

As of 3 November 2022 [28]
ClubPldWDLGFGAGDW%PtsP/G
Aberdeen 150623850226172+54041.332241.49
Airdrieonians 200213−2000.0000.00
Celtic 41018575150629499+130045.126301.54
Dundee 34163156350+13047.06511.50
Dundee United 112473035169123+46041.961711.53
Dunfermline 46237168751+36050.00761.65
Falkirk 210112−1050.0031.50
Greenock Morton 200239−6000.0000.00
Gretna 201137−4000.0010.50
Heart of Midlothian 88321838112131−19036.361141.30
Hibernian 100442036169152+17044.001521.52
Inverness Caledonian Thistle 201101−1000.0010.50
Kilmarnock 42159185262−10035.71541.29
Livingston 412179−2025.0051.25
Motherwell 35103224351−8028.57330.94
Partick Thistle 104151617−1040.00131.30
Queen of the South 200224−2000.0000.00
Raith Rovers 6213108+2033.3371.17
Rangers 38516198126569470+99041.825811.51
St Johnstone 2879122938−9025.00301.07
St Mirren 143561014−4021.43141.00
Total1,4766133215422,2011,873+328041.532,1601.46

Intercontinental Cup

Before being supplanted by the FIFA Club World Cup, the now defunct Intercontinental Cup served as a de facto annual world club championship contested by the European and South American club champions. The only Scottish side to have competed in the competition was Celtic in 1967, following their European Cup win. [29]

YearClubOpponent1st2ndPO
1967 Flag of Scotland.svg Celtic Flag of Argentina.svg Racing Club 1–0 (H)1–2 (A)0–1 (N)

Scottish Challenge Cup

The 2016–17 Scottish Challenge Cup saw the addition of four non-Scottish league sides for the first time. The competition, usually involving sides from the national divisions below the top flight, introduced top two teams from the Welsh Premier League and Northern Ireland's NIFL Premiership entered the competition in the fourth round. [30] Welsh champions The New Saints progressed furthest of the four, being defeated in the semi-finals by St Mirren. The 2017–18 competition saw two League of Ireland sides compete along with two from Wales and Northern Ireland. [31] This time the guest teams entered in the second round, with TNS and Crusaders both reaching the semi-finals. The 2018–19 edition was expanded again, this time to include two teams from the English fifth tier National League along with the teams from the other Celtic nations. [32]

See also

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